A first-year melon/cowpea intercropping system improves soil nutrients and changes the soil microbial community

Soil microorganisms are an essential component of forest ecosystems being directly involved in the decomposition of organic matter and the mineralization of nutrients. Anthropogenic disturbances such as logging and livestock modify the structure and composition of forests and also the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities changing critical biogeochemical processes in the soil. In this research we evaluated the effect of anthropic disturbance on the soil in a degradation gradient of Andean temperate forest. This gradient comprises mature forest stands dominated by Nothofagus dombeyii, secondary forests dominated by Nothofagus alpina with medium degradation, a highly degraded forests dominated by Nothofagus obliqua and a highly degraded grassland. We evaluate the reservoir of the main soil nutrients (TC, TN, NO3-, NH4+) and the structure, diversity and functions of the soil microbial community (bacteria and fungi) via NGS-Illumina sequencing and metagenomic an&#225;lisis with DADA2 pipeline in R-project. The results show a higher amount of TC, TN, NO3- and C:N ratio in the most degraded condition (degraded grassland). There are no significant differences in the amount of TC, TN and NH4+ along the forest degradation gradient. This reflects a C:N:P stoichiometry that tends to decrease as forest degradation increases. The soil bacteria community was mainly dominated by Phyla Proteobacteria (45.35%), Acidobacteria (20.73%), Actinobacteria (12.59%) and Bacteroidetes (7.32%). At genus level there are significant differences, Bradyrhizobium has a higher relative abundance in the condition of mature forest which tends to decrease along the gradient of degradation forest. The soil fungi community was dominated by the Phyla Ascomycota (42.11%), Mortierellomycota (28.74%), Basidiomycota (24.61%) and Mucoromycota (2.06%). At genus level the condition of degraded grassland has significantly lower relative abundance of the genera Mortierella and Cortinarius. The degraded grassland soil microbial community is significantly less diverse in terms of bacteria (D' = 0.47&#177;0.04) however it is significantly more diverse in terms of fungi (H' = 5.11&#177;0.33).

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Structure and driving factors of the soil microbial community associated with Alhagi sparsifolia in an arid desert

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254065

Author(s):

Wenjing Li ◽

Lamei Jiang ◽

Yang Zhang ◽

Dexiong Teng ◽

Hengfang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Nitrate Nitrogen ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Driving Factors ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Alhagi Sparsifolia ◽

Soil Microbial

Environmental properties are important factors in structuring soil microbial communities. The primary driving factors vary in different ecosystems. In the present work, we analyzed the microbial communities of rhizosphere and bulk soils associated with the halophyte Alhagi sparsifolia across three salt/water gradients in the desert area around Ebinur Lake Basin, China, using high-throughput sequencing technology. We found that there were significant differences in soil water content (SWC), soil salinity (SAL), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents between the three water/salt gradients. In the L (low water and salt) plot, Actinobacteria was the most abundant bacterial phylum while Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria was negatively correlated with soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), TP, and available phosphorus (AP). The abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly positively correlated with soil SOC, SWC, SAL, pH, TN, and TP (P < 0.05). The abundance of fungal phylum Chytridiomycota was significantly positively correlated with pH (P < 0.01), SWC, AP, and sulfate ion (P < 0.05). SOC and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors impacting the bacterial community, while ammonium nitrogen (NH4+) and TP were the main driving forces for the fungal community. Soil nutrients were the main contributors to the dissimilarities in the bacterial and fungal communities, explaining 48.06% and 44.45% of the variation. SWC, SAL, and pH explained only a small percentage of the microbial community dissimilarity. In conclusion, soil microbial community structure was affected by SWC, SAL, pH, and soil nutrients, with soil nutrients as the main driving factors. Nitrogen has a differential effect on the different microbial communities: bacterial communities of Alhagi sparsifolia were mainly affected by nitrate nitrogen, while fungal communities were mainly driven by ammonium nitrogen.

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Microbial Structure and Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil under Different Forest Types in the Subtropical Zone of China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-681366/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Liuting Zhou ◽

Jianjuan Li ◽

Chen Zhang ◽

Xinlai Guo ◽

Wei Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Forest Types ◽

Soil Microbial Diversity ◽

Subtropical Zone ◽

Soil Microbial

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the soil microbial variability within different forest ecosystems (evergreen broad-leaf forest (EBF), coniferous forest (CF), subalpine dwarf forest (SDF) and alpine meadow (AM) at different altitudes in mid-subtropics of China. The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) method was used to analyze the microbial communities in rhizosphere soil under different forest types. The relationships were also analyzed between the microbial diversity and soil nutrients. A total of 27 PLFA biomarkers were detected and the PLFA concentrations decreased in the sequence of bacteria > fungus > actinomycete > protozoa in all forest types. The microbial communities in the soil under all forest types were distinct. The predominant microflora in all soils were 18:1ω9c, 16:1ω7c, cy19:0, a17:0 and 18:0. The indexes of Simpson, Shannon-Wiener and Brillouin of soil microbial community diversity in these four forest types all showed a trend of EBF > CF > SDF > AM. According to principal component analyses (PCA), the variable variances of principal components 1 and 2, which were related to the PLFA biomarkers of soil microorganisms, were 67.67% and 17.91%, respectively. Furthermore, the total PLFAs of different soil microbial groups showed a correlation with soil nutrients and enzyme activities in all forest types. The soil microbial diversity gradually decreased in the order of EBF > CF > SDF > AM in the Daiyun Mountains. Different vegetation types affect soil microbial community composition and diversity by changing the soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity.

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Effects of phosphorus application on soil nutrients and soil microbial community in rhizosphere of Fargesia under drought stress

Acta Ecologica Sinica ◽

10.5846/stxb202008142124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (23) ◽

Author(s):

向君，樊利华，张楠楠，吴淑兰，郭敏，周星梅 XIANG Jun

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Phosphorus Application

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Diversity of microbial communities and soil nutrients in sugarcane rhizosphere soil under water soluble fertilizer

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245626 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245626

Author(s):

Huan Niu ◽

Ziqin Pang ◽

Nyumah Fallah ◽

Yongmei Zhou ◽

Caifang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Soluble Fertilizer

The dynamics of soil microbial communities are important for plant health and productivity. Soil microbial communities respond differently to fertilization. Organic water soluble fertilizer is an effective soil improver, which can effectively improve soil nutrient status and adjust soil pH value. However, little is known about the effects of water soluble fertilizers on soil microbial community, and the combined effects on soil nutrients and sugarcane productivity. Therefore, this study sought to assess the effects of water soluble fertilizer (1,050 kg/hm2 (WS1), 1,650 kg/hm2 (WS2)) and mineral fertilizer (1,500 kg/hm2 (CK)) on the soil microbial community, soil nutrients and crop yield of sugarcane. The results showed that compared with CK, the application of water soluble fertilizers (WS1 and WS2) alleviated soil acidity, increased the OM, DOC, and AK contents in the soil, and further improved agronomic parameters and sugarcane yield. Both WS1 and WS2 treatments significantly increased the species richness of microorganisms, especially the enrichment of beneficial symbiotic bacteria such as Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes, which are more conducive to the healthy growth of plants. Furthermore, we found that soil nutrient contents were associated with soil microbial enrichment. These results indicate that water soluble fertilizer affects the enrichment of microorganisms by improving the nutrient content of the soil, thereby affecting the growth and yield of sugarcane. These findings therefore suggest that the utilization of water soluble fertilizer is an effective agriculture approach to improve soil fertility.

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Dominant Tree Species Shape Soil Microbial Community via Regulating Assembly Processes in Planted Subtropical Forests

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10110978 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 978

Author(s):

Ma ◽

Zou ◽

Yang ◽

Hogan ◽

Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Nutrients ◽

Community Assembly ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Environmental Selection ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Microbial Community Assembly

Understanding the ecological processes that regulate microbial community assembly in different habitats is critical to predict microbial responses to anthropogenic disturbances and environmental changes. Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and Eucalypt (Eucalyptus urophylla) plantations (thereafter RP and EP) are rapidly established at the expense of forests in tropical China, greatly affecting tropical soils and their processes. However, the assembly processes of soil microbial communities after forest conversions remain unclear. We investigated soil microbial communities’ attributes and quantified the portion of deterministic assembly variation in two RP (a 3- and a 5-year-old) and two EP (a 2- and a 4-year-old) in Southern China. Shannon and Faith’s Phylogenetic α-diversity of both bacterial and fungal communities were higher in RP than in EP, regardless of plantation age or soil depth (0–50 cm). Bacterial and fungal community structure was significantly different among the four plantations. The dominant microbial taxa in RP closely tracked the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (K) while those in EP were closely related to the high total K content. Microbial co-occurrence networks in RP were more modular than those in EP, as governed by more keystone taxa that were strongly dependent on soil available nutrients. Environmental filtering imposed by soil nutrients heterogeneity contributed a considerable portion (33–47%) of bacterial assembly variation in RP, but much less (8–14%) in EP. The relative contribution of environmental selection on fungal assembly was also greater in RP than in EP. Our findings suggest that in RP clear microbial community patterns exist with respect to soil nutrients, whereas in EP microbial community assembly patterns are more stochastic and variable. The large variation in soil microbial community assembly patterns in EP could lead to fragile and unstable microbial-soil relationships, which may be one factor driving soil degradation in EP.

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Functional diversity of the microbial community in Mediterranean maquis soils as affected by fires

International Journal of Wildland Fire ◽

10.1071/wf05032 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 355 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Rosaria D'Ascoli ◽

Flora A. Rutigliano ◽

Raffaele A. De Pascale ◽

Anna Gentile ◽

Amalia Virzo De Santo

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Biomass ◽

Functional Diversity ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

First Year ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

High Severity ◽

Microbial Carbon ◽

Mediterranean Maquis

Fire is a disturbance in the Mediterranean region associated with frequent drought periods, and can affect the soil microbial community, which plays a fundamental role in nutrient cycling. In the present study the effect of low- and high-severity experimental fires on the soil microbial community was evaluated in an Italian Mediterranean maquis. Burned and unburned soils were compared for functional diversity, specific activities, microbial biomass, fungal mycelia and fungal fraction of microbial carbon, during the first year after fire. In the first week after fire, changes in the functional diversity were observed in burned soils, differing also between low- and high-severity fires. Respiration responses to specific organic compounds were generally lower in burned soils during the whole study period, with a percentage of changed responses from 2 to 70%. The general reduction in burned soils of the fungal fraction of microbial carbon (19–61%) and active mycelia (16–55%), together with the increase in microbial biomass carbon (29–42%) during the first 3 months after fire, suggest a larger and longer effect of fire on fungi than on bacteria. The results indicate a rapid recovery of functional diversity in soil after burning despite the persistent reduction of microbial community activity and the change in its structure.

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