Patterns of Prenatal Care Delivery and Obstetric Outcomes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Infant mortality expresses a set of living, working and healthcare access conditions and opens up possibilities for adopting interventions to expand equity in healthcare. This study aimed to investigate vulnerability and the consequent differences in access to health services and occurrences of deaths among infants under one year of age in the municipality of Embu. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a descriptive study in the municipality of Embu. METHODS: Primary data were collected through interviews with the families of children living in the municipality of Embu who died in the years 1996 and 1997 before reaching one year of age. Secondary data were obtained from death certificates. The variables collected related to living conditions, income, occupation, prenatal care, delivery and the healthcare provided for children. These data were compared with the results obtained from a study carried out in 1996. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found with regard to income, working without a formal employment contract and access to private health plans among the families of the children who died. There were also differences in access to and quality of prenatal care, frequency of low birth weight and neonatal intercurrences. CONCLUSIONS: The employment/unemployment situation was decisive in determining the degree of family stability and vulnerability to the occurrence of infant deaths, in addition to the conditions of access to and quality of healthcare services.

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The evolution of prenatal care delivery guidelines in the United States

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2020.12.016 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alex F. Peahl ◽

Joel D. Howell

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Care Delivery ◽

The United States

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Association between the absence of colostrum feeding and symptoms of intestinal obstruction or neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi44.1.2004.7-11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Hananto Wiryo ◽

M. Hakimi ◽

A. Samik Wahab ◽

Pitono Soeparto

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Intestinal Obstruction ◽

Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽

Care Delivery ◽

T Test ◽

Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽

Colostrum Feeding ◽

Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽

The Relationship

Objective To assess the relationship between withholding colos-trum and symptoms of intestinal obstruction (SIO) or neonatal ne-crotizing enterocolitis (NNEC).Methods This was a longitudinal cohort study in four subdistrictsin West Lombok involving mothers and live newborns. Motherswere interviewed about prenatal care, delivery process, and prac-tice of colostrum feedings. Neonates were followed everyday for28 days by field assistants for signs of intestinal obstruction orNNEC. We used X 2 test to analyze the association between theabsence of colostrum feeding and the occurence of SIO and stu-dent t test to compare the average of colostrum feeding betweenthe SIO and the non-SIO group.Results 3420 live newborns between 1993-1994 were observed.1900 mothers gave colostrum while 1520 did not. The incidence ofSIO was 1.8%. There was a significant association between theabsence of colostrum feeding and the occurence of the SIO (RR1.816; 95%CI 1.08-3.06; p=0.028). No infants with NNEC weregiven colostrum.Conclusion The absence of colostrum feeding is an importantrisk factor for the occurence of SIO and NNEC in neonates

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Population Changes, Racial/Ethnic Disparities, and Birth Outcomes in Louisiana After Hurricane Katrina

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1001/dmp.2010.15 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (S1) ◽

pp. S39-S45 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Emily W. Harville ◽

Tri Tran ◽

Xu Xiong ◽

Pierre Buekens

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Racial Disparities ◽

New Orleans ◽

Birth Outcomes ◽

The State ◽

Obstetric Outcomes ◽

Population Changes ◽

Inadequate Prenatal Care

ABSTRACTObjective: To examine how the demographic and other population changes affected birth and obstetric outcomes in Louisiana, and the effect of the hurricane on racial disparities in these outcomes.Methods: Vital statistics data were used to compare the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 g), preterm birth (PTB) (37 weeks' gestation), cesarean section, and inadequate prenatal care (as measured by the Kotelchuck index), in the 2 years after Katrina compared to the 2 years before, for the state as a whole, region 1 (the area around New Orleans), and Orleans Parish (New Orleans). Logistic models were used to adjust for covariates.Results: After adjustment, rates of LBW rose for the state, but preterm birth did not. In region 1 and Orleans Parish, rates of LBW and PTB remained constant or fell. These patterns were all strongest in African American women. Rates of cesarean section and inadequate prenatal care rose. Racial disparities in birth outcomes remained constant or were reduced.Conclusions: Although risk of LBW/PTB remained higher in African Americans, the storm does not appear to have exacerbated health disparities, nor did population shifts explain the changes in birth and obstetric outcomes.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:S39-S45)

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Implementation of Health Information Technology to Maximize Efficiency of Resource Utilization in a Geographically Dispersed Prenatal Care Delivery System

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1285102 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (04) ◽

pp. 251-258

Author(s):

Marlo Cochran ◽

Russell Snyder ◽

Elizabeth Thomas ◽

Daniel Freeman ◽

Gary Hankins

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Health Information Technology ◽

Health Information ◽

Resource Utilization ◽

Delivery System ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Geographically Dispersed

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Impact of Psychosocial Risk Factors on Prenatal Care Delivery: A National Provider Survey

Maternal and Child Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10995-014-1476-1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 2362-2370 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Elizabeth E. Krans ◽

Nicholas M. Moloci ◽

Michelle T. Housey ◽

Matthew M. Davis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽

Psychosocial Risk ◽

Provider Survey

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Breast-feeding in South Korea: factors influencing its initiation and duration

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898000700047x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 225-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Woojin Chung ◽

Hanjoong Kim ◽

Chung-Mo Nam

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Care ◽

South Korea ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Health Workers ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Feeding Duration ◽

Factors Influencing

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate factors influencing the practices of partial breast-feeding (PBF) and exclusive breast-feeding (EBF).DesignA national, cross-sectional survey was conducted among married women aged 15–49 years from May to August 2003.SettingSouth Korea.SubjectsA total of 865 mothers answered questions regarding the feeding practices of their youngest baby, born between January 2001 and May 2003.ResultsThe initiation rates of PBF and EBF were 81% and 63%, respectively. However, the median durations of PBF and EBF were very short: 12 and 8 weeks, respectively. According to stepwise logistic and Cox regression analyses, the more prenatal care women received, the more likely they were to initiate PBF and EBF but the less likely to continue EBF. Delivery by Caesarean section decreased the initiation of PBF and EBF. The mother’s education level and employment status before marriage, the amount of prenatal care, delivery method and baby’s status at birth affected breast-feeding initiation, whereas the amount of prenatal care influenced breast-feeding duration.ConclusionTo promote breast-feeding, education and campaigning on the importance of continued breast-feeding should be provided to the general public, particularly to health workers in maternity units.

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