79P The potential benefits of urinary and blood liquid biopsies for predicting early diagnosis, therapy response, and prognosis in renal cell carcinoma patients: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. S1369
Author(s):  
B.P. Putra ◽  
F.N. Putra
Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2441
Author(s):  
Anna Caliò ◽  
Matteo Brunelli ◽  
Stefano Gobbo ◽  
Pedram Argani ◽  
Enrico Munari ◽  
...  

Cathepsin K is a papain-like cysteine protease with high matrix-degrading activity. Among several cathepsins, cathepsin K is the most potent mammalian collagenase, mainly expressed by osteoclasts. This review summarizes most of the recent findings of cathepsin K expression, highlighting its role in renal tumors for diagnostic purposes and as a potential molecular target. Indeed, cathepsin K is a recognized diagnostic tool for the identification of TFE3/TFEB-rearranged renal cell carcinoma, TFEB-amplified renal cell carcinoma, and pure epithelioid PEComa/epithelioid angiomyolipoma. More recently, its expression has been observed in a subgroup of eosinophilic renal neoplasms molecularly characterized by TSC/mTOR gene mutations. Interestingly, both TSC mutations or TFE3 rearrangement have been reported in pure epithelioid PEComa/epithelioid angiomyolipoma. Therefore, cathepsin K seems to be a downstream marker of TFE3/TFEB rearrangement, TFEB amplification, and mTOR pathway activation. Given the established role of mTOR inhibitors as a pharmacological option in renal cancers, cathepsin K could be of use as a predictive marker of therapy response and as a potential target. In the future, uropathologists may implement the use of cathepsin K to establish a diagnosis among renal tumors with clear cells, papillary architecture, and oncocytic features.


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