Synbiotic application to enhance growth, immune system, and disease resistance toward bacterial infection in catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

ABSTRACT Outbreaks of infectious diseases due to Aeromonas hydrophila in catfish can cause high death rates (80–100%). Fish disease control can be done using phytopharmaceutical to prevent or treat diseases of fish. One of the phytopharmaceutical that known to prevent the fish diseases is ambon banana stem Musa cavendishii var. dwarf Paxton. This study was conducted to test the effectiveness of catfish immersion using banana stem juice as an immunostimulant against bacterial infections A. hydrophila. The observed parameters were a total performance of production, hematological test, and water quality. Immersion of catfish seeds with stem juice was performed at a concentration of 5 mL/L, 13 mL/L, and 21 mL/L for 30 minutes. Each treatment consisted of three replications. A total of 15 fishes were immersed in 1.5 L water. At day-9 after immersion, fish was infected by A. hydrophila bacteria at a dose of 104 cfu/mL. The results showed that fish treated with banana stem juice at a concentration of 13 mL/L had the survival rate of 53.33±6.67% which is higher than positive control (33.33±6.67%). Based on hematology observations on the 3rd day post-challenge test (H12) with A. hydrophila, total erythrocytes, hemoglobin, total leukocytes, phagocytic activity, differential leukocyte, and lysozyme activity was highest in treatment13 mL/L. Lower feed conversion ratio (1.08±0.04) were also obtained in treatment 13 mL/L. Thus Immersion of seeds in stem juice can boost the immune system against infections A. hydrophila. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, ambon banana stem juice, soaking, catfish, immune system ABSTRAK Wabah penyakit akibat infeksi Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan lele dapat menyebabkan tingkat kematian yang tinggi (80–100%). Penanggulangan penyakit ikan dapat dilakukan menggunakan fitofarmaka untuk mencegah ataupun mengobati penyakit ikan. Salah satu fitofarmaka yang dapat digunakan dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit ikan adalah batang pisang ambon lumut Musa cavendishii var. dwarf Paxton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas perendaman benih ikan lele dengan menggunakan air perasan batang pisang ambon sebagai imunostimulan terhadap infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila. Parameter yang diamati selama penelitian adalah kinerja produksi, uji hematologi dan pengukuran kualitas air. Perendaman benih ikan lele dengan air perasan dilakukan pada konsentrasi 5 mL/L, 13 mL/L, dan 21 mL/L selama 30 menit. Pada hari ke-9 setelah perendaman, ikan diinfeksi bakteri A. hydrophila pada kepadatan 104 cfu/mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman ikan dengan air perasan pada konsentrasi 13 mL/L memiliki kelangsungan hidup yakni sebesar 53,33±6,67%, lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif (33,33±6,67%). Berdasarkan pengamatan pada uji hematologi hari ke-3 pascauji tantang (H12) dengan bakteri A. hydrophila, total eritrosit, hemoglobin, total leukosit, aktivitas fagositik, dan aktivitas lisozim tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan konsentrasi 13 mL/L. Rasio konversi pakan yang rendah (1,08±0,04) juga terdapat pada perlakuan 13 mL/L. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perendaman benih ikan lele pada air perasan dapat meningkatkan sistem imun terhadap infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, air perasan batang pisang ambon, perendaman, ikan lele, sistem imun

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Effectiveness of ambon banana stem juice as immunostimulatory against Aeromonas hydrophila infections in catfish Clarias gariepinus

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.16.2.154-163 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qorie Astria ◽

Sri Nuryati ◽

Kukuh Nirmala ◽

Alimuddin Alimuddin

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Positive Control ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

High Death ◽

Banana Stem ◽

L 13

ABSTRACT Outbreaks of infectious diseases due to Aeromonas hydrophila in catfish can cause high death rates (80–100%). Fish disease control can be done using phytopharmaceutical to prevent or treat diseases of fish. One of the phytopharmaceutical that known to prevent the fish diseases is ambon banana stem Musa cavendishii var. dwarf Paxton. This study was conducted to test the effectiveness of catfish immersion using banana stem juice as an immunostimulant against bacterial infections A. hydrophila. The observed parameters were a total performance of production, hematological test, and water quality. Immersion of catfish seeds with stem juice was performed at a concentration of 5 mL/L, 13 mL/L, and 21 mL/L for 30 minutes. Each treatment consisted of three replications. A total of 15 fishes were immersed in 1.5 L water. At day-9 after immersion, fish was infected by A. hydrophila bacteria at a dose of 104 cfu/mL. The results showed that fish treated with banana stem juice at a concentration of 13 mL/L had the survival rate of 53.33±6.67% which is higher than positive control (33.33±6.67%). Based on hematology observations on the 3rd day post-challenge test (H12) with A. hydrophila, total erythrocytes, hemoglobin, total leukocytes, phagocytic activity, differential leukocyte, and lysozyme activity was highest in treatment13 mL/L. Lower feed conversion ratio (1.08±0.04) were also obtained in treatment 13 mL/L. Thus Immersion of seeds in stem juice can boost the immune system against infections A. hydrophila. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, ambon banana stem juice, soaking, catfish, immune system ABSTRAK Wabah penyakit akibat infeksi Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan lele dapat menyebabkan tingkat kematian yang tinggi (80–100%). Penanggulangan penyakit ikan dapat dilakukan menggunakan fitofarmaka untuk mencegah ataupun mengobati penyakit ikan. Salah satu fitofarmaka yang dapat digunakan dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit ikan adalah batang pisang ambon lumut Musa cavendishii var. dwarf Paxton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas perendaman benih ikan lele dengan menggunakan air perasan batang pisang ambon sebagai imunostimulan terhadap infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila. Parameter yang diamati selama penelitian adalah kinerja produksi, uji hematologi dan pengukuran kualitas air. Perendaman benih ikan lele dengan air perasan dilakukan pada konsentrasi 5 mL/L, 13 mL/L, dan 21 mL/L selama 30 menit. Pada hari ke-9 setelah perendaman, ikan diinfeksi bakteri A. hydrophila pada kepadatan 104 cfu/mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman ikan dengan air perasan pada konsentrasi 13 mL/L memiliki kelangsungan hidup yakni sebesar 53,33±6,67%, lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif (33,33±6,67%). Berdasarkan pengamatan pada uji hematologi hari ke-3 pascauji tantang (H12) dengan bakteri A. hydrophila, total eritrosit, hemoglobin, total leukosit, aktivitas fagositik, dan aktivitas lisozim tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan konsentrasi 13 mL/L. Rasio konversi pakan yang rendah (1,08±0,04) juga terdapat pada perlakuan 13 mL/L. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perendaman benih ikan lele pada air perasan dapat meningkatkan sistem imun terhadap infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, air perasan batang pisang ambon, perendaman, ikan lele, sistem imun

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Association of bacterial infection traits with genetic variation at candidate genes for porcine disease resistance

10.31274/ans_air-180814-30 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christopher K. Tuggle ◽

Xian-wei Shi ◽

Lena Marklund ◽

Amber Stumbaugh ◽

Thomas J. Stabel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Disease Resistance ◽

Bacterial Infection ◽

Candidate Genes

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Haematological Response of Clarias gariepinus to Bacterial Infection and Prophylactic Treatment with Antibiotic

Journal of Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.4314/jas.v16i1.19996 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

G. N. O. EZERI

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infection ◽

Prophylactic Treatment ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Haematological Response

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The Innate Immune System Favors Emergency Monopoiesis at the Expense of DC Differentiation to Control Bacterial Infections

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v124.21.2722.2722 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 124 (21) ◽

pp. 2722-2722

Author(s):

Kristin Bieber ◽

Karina A. Pasquevich ◽

Manina Günter ◽

Matthias Grauer ◽

Oliver Pötz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Bacterial Infection ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Innate Immune ◽

General Response ◽

The Impact ◽

Myeloid Progenitors

Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical in host defense against infection, bridging the innate and adaptive immune system. Patients with sepsis display reduced circulating and splenic DCs and impaired DC function that may contribute to prolonged immune suppression and exacerbation of infection. However, the mechanisms of pathogen-induced DC depletion remain poorly understood. Here, a mouse model of systemic bacterial infection was employed to analyze the impact of different bacterial pathogens on DC development in vivo. We found that the numbers of bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic progenitors committed to the DC lineages were reduced following systemic infection with different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In parallel, a TLR4-dependent increase of committed monocyte progenitors in the BM as well as mature monocytes in the spleen was observed. In line, adoptively transferred FLT3+ myeloid progenitors (MPs) developed preferentially to monocytes at the expense of DCs in infected animals. Analyses performed on mixed BM chimeras suggested that both the reduction of DC progenitors and the induction of monopoiesis following infection were dependent on extrinsic TLR4 signaling driving the secretion of IFN-g regulated chemokines. Consistently, these effects were completely abrogated by suppression of IFN-g signaling. Elevated monocyte numbers in the spleen triggered by infection were due to a CCR2-dependent egress from the BM. In CCR2-deficient mice, in which monocytosis reportedly is abrogated, we observed a significantly increased bacterial load in the spleen and a reduced survival rate, highlighting the importance of monocytes for bacterial clearance. Together, our data provide evidence for a general response of myeloid progenitors upon bacterial infection to enhance monocyte production, thereby increasing the availability of innate immune cells as a first line of defense against invading pathogens. Concomitantly the development of DCs is impaired, which may be responsible for transient immunosuppression in e.g. bacterial sepsis. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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