Abstract
Background
Children and adolescents have an increased risk of post-traumatic stress following exposure to traumatic events. Thus, timely, valid and reliable assessment of the symptoms of the disorder is crucial. The purpose of the study was the psychometric validation of The Child Revised Impact of Events Scale (CRIES 13), following the preceding linguistic validation. Further goal was to evaluate post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children 6 to 14 years of age with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Methods
The questionnaire was consecutively administered to 175 parents coming to the Emergency Department of the Pediatric Hospital of Patras, after mTBI of their children. They were asked to respond one week and one month after the accident to assess PTSD of their children. For psychometric validation, exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analysis was performed. The questionnaire consists of 13 items rated on a non-linear scale ranging from 0 to 65, and higher scores indicate more PTSD symptoms with a threshold of 30.
Results
The Psychometric validation showed very good reliability (= 0.79) and EFA confirmed the factor structure of the original tool. In addition, CFA showed satisfactory fit for the three-factor model. Parents estimated post-traumatic stress one week after injury in 19% of the children. Statistically significant difference was observed only in monthly income, with parents of low income reporting higher levels of stress in their children (p = 0.046).
Conclusions
A reliable and valid questionnaire is now available in Greek for assessing the risk of PTSD in children. In one of five children presented in our hospital we observed a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress one week after mild traumatic brain injury.
Key messages
There is reliable and valid questionnaire in Greek for assessing the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in children.
Effects of mild traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder on resting-state default mode network connectivity
