The phylogeographic history of the self-pollinated herb Tacca chantrieri (Dioscoreaceae) in the tropics of mainland Southeast Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuemei Zhao ◽  
Ling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The Self ◽  
Phylogeographic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

scholarly journals New insights from Thailand into the maternal genetic history of Mainland Southeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wibhu Kutanan ◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Andrea Brunelli ◽  
Silvia Ghirotto ◽  
Pittayawat Pittayaporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Thai People ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Demic Diffusion ◽  
Northeastern Thailand ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

AbstractTai-Kadai (TK) is one of the major language families in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), with a concentration in the area of Thailand and Laos. Our previous study of 1,234 mtDNA genome sequences supported a demic diffusion scenario in the spread of TK languages from southern China to Laos as well as northern and northeastern Thailand. Here we add an additional 560 mtDNA sequences from 22 groups, with a focus on the TK-speaking central Thai people and the Sino-Tibetan speaking Karen. We find extensive diversity, including 62 haplogroups not reported previously from this region. Demic diffusion is still a preferable scenario for central Thais, emphasizing the extension and expansion of TK people through MSEA, although there is also some support for an admixture model. We also tested competing models concerning the genetic relationships of groups from the major MSEA languages, and found support for an ancestral relationship of TK and Austronesian-speaking groups.

Latest 30-m map of mature rubber plantations in Mainland Southeast Asia and Yunnan province of China: Spatial patterns and geographical characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913332098374
Author(s):  
Chiwei Xiao ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Zhiming Feng ◽  
Yanzhao Yang ◽  
Zhen You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Knowledge of the location, area and extent of rubber plantations is a prerequisite for assessing their ecological and environmental impacts. Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) and Yunnan province (MSEA&YN) in China are globally important rubber-planting regions. Rubber cultivation in areas at moderate and low altitudes (<1000 m) within these regions has expanded rapidly in recent years. However, datasets of maps generated at a fine spatial resolution are still unavailable for MSEA&YN. Because of this, three relevant and important questions remain unanswered: what are the northernmost boundary for rubber production in these regions, what is the highest altitude at which rubber is produced, and how are the plantations distributed in (cross-) border regions? An approach of the phenology- and Landsat-based re-normalized vegetation index (RNVI), originally developed for Xishuangbanna in southern China, is used in this study to verify the feasibility of mapping mature rubber plantations in MSEA&YN using the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager data products acquired from January to April, 2013 to 2018. Characteristics of the vertical and horizontal distributions of mature rubber plantations in MSEA&YN, as well as national differences especially in the (cross-) borders, were examined using the generated map. The results showed that the RNVI method, although tailored to the northern edge of the tropics, is useful for detecting mature rubber plantations in MSEA&YN. The latest map of mature rubber plantations indicated that they occupied a total area of 7.69 × 106 ha, accounting for 3.32% of the study area. Spatial analyses showed three typical features of the distribution: new plantations at higher (over 1000 m) and lower (below 200 m) elevations, more cultivation in the borderlands (over a half within 60 km buffers), and their northward movement (as far as 25°N). The results of this study have important implications for phenological methods verification in the tropics, and provide valuable information on mature rubber plantations in MSEA&YN.

scholarly journals Extensive Ethnolinguistic Diversity in Vietnam Reflects Multiple Sources of Genetic Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 2503-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Liu ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Duong ◽  
Nguyen Dang Ton ◽  
Nguyen Van Phong ◽  
Brigitte Pakendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Austronesian Languages ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Abstract Vietnam features extensive ethnolinguistic diversity and occupies a key position in Mainland Southeast Asia. Yet, the genetic diversity of Vietnam remains relatively unexplored, especially with genome-wide data, because previous studies have focused mainly on the majority Kinh group. Here, we analyze newly generated genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism data for the Kinh and 21 additional ethnic groups in Vietnam, encompassing all five major language families in Mainland Southeast Asia. In addition to analyzing the allele and haplotype sharing within the Vietnamese groups, we incorporate published data from both nearby modern populations and ancient samples for comparison. In contrast to previous studies that suggested a largely indigenous origin for Vietnamese genetic diversity, we find that Vietnamese ethnolinguistic groups harbor multiple sources of genetic diversity that likely reflect different sources for the ancestry associated with each language family. However, linguistic diversity does not completely match genetic diversity: There have been extensive interactions between the Hmong-Mien and Tai-Kadai groups; different Austro-Asiatic groups show different affinities with other ethnolinguistic groups; and we identified a likely case of cultural diffusion in which some Austro-Asiatic groups shifted to Austronesian languages during the past 2,500 years. Overall, our results highlight the importance of genome-wide data from dense sampling of ethnolinguistic groups in providing new insights into the genetic diversity and history of an ethnolinguistically diverse region, such as Vietnam.

The Malay Language in Mainland Southeast Asia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmah Haji Omar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Malay Archipelago ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Asian Mainland ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Today the Malay language is known to have communities of speakers outside the Malay archipelago, such as in Australia inclusive of the Christmas Islands and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the Indian Ocean (Asmah, 2008), the Holy Land of Mecca and Medina (Asmah et al. 2015), England, the Netherlands, France, and Germany. The Malay language is also known to have its presence on the Asian mainland, i.e. Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. As Malays in these three countries belong to a minority, in fact among the smallest of the minorities, questions that arise are those that pertain to: (i) their history of settlement in the localities where they are now; (ii) the position of Malay in the context of the language policy of their country; and (iii) maintenance and shift of the ancestral and adopted languages.

The Myngoon plot: Seditious state-making and the 1902 Shan rebellion in northern Siam

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Andrew Walker
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Royal Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

In August 1902, the Siamese army occupied the northern township of Phrae after a rebellion by Shan timber workers, miners and traders. The Siamese general who investigated the rebellion claimed that the Shan attack on Phrae was part of a wider plot to restore Prince Myngoon to the Burmese throne. Myngoon was exiled from Burma in 1868 and had been living in Indochina since 1889. Most observers have regarded the so-called ‘Myngoon plot’ as implausible. This article provides the first detailed history of the plot. It argues that the plot was a product of ‘seditious state-making’ in the borderlands of mainland southeast Asia, a region in geopolitical flux. This exploration of the Myngoon plot uncovers a cosmopolitan web of seditious statecraft that extended from India, through Burma and Indochina and into Siam. The Shan rebellion was one outbreak in a region-wide web of Shan agitation dating from the early 1880s. The rebellion took place at the intersection of the competing colonial agendas of Siam, Britain and France, and various actors in this competition had been planting the seeds of a Myngoon-led rising since the 1880s. Myngoon's story was the product of a time when British, French and Siamese colonial agents were still grappling (and colluding) with dispersed and fragmented royal power.

Morphological shifts in Southeast Asian prostitution: the long twentieth century

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tagliacozzo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Sex Tourism ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia ◽  
Economic Inequalities

AbstractThis article examines the history of prostitution as a regional phenomenon in Southeast Asia over the course of the twentieth century. I argue that this institution changed shape several times during that period, and that a number of rubrics might be employed to best study this evolution. The first part of the article looks at some of the traditional parameters of prostitution as it was practised both in island and mainland Southeast Asia, while the second part of the essay traces some new developments in the burgeoning colonial age. The third part of the piece then looks at war-time prostitution as a separate phenomenon from these earlier developments, while the fourth examines the rise of sex tourism in the region, partially as an offshoot of these same armed conflicts in the middle decades of the century. Finally, the last section of the article looks at how borders, cities, and economic inequalities have acted upon each other in today’s world to change the shape of regional prostitution in Southeast Asia yet again.

Southeast Asia ‘Inside Out,’ 1300–1800: A Perspective from the Interior

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

Despite the serious studies of the past century, the history of Mainland Southeast Asia is still poorly understood. This is not to say that we do not have numerous studies of particular countries and events in individual countries; but, despite the efforts of Victor Lieberman, Anthony Reid, and others, we still lack a comprehensive sense of the dynamics of the premodern history of long periods on a region-wide basis.

scholarly journals New insights from Thailand into the maternal genetic history of Mainland Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 898-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wibhu Kutanan ◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Andrea Brunelli ◽  
Silvia Ghirotto ◽  
Pittayawat Pittayaporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Genetic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

On The Possibility of an Autonomous History of Modern Southeast Asia

1961 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. W. Small
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

It is generally accepted that history is an element of culture and the historian a member of society, thus, in Croce's aphorism, that the only true history is contemporary history. It follows from this that when there occur great changes in the contemporary scene, there must also be great changes in historiography, that the vision not merely of the present but also of the past must change.

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