Using fake news as means of cyber-bullying: The link with compulsive internet use and online moral disengagement

2022 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 107032
Author(s):  
Alexandra Maftei ◽  
Andrei-Corneliu Holman ◽  
Ioan-Alex Merlici
Author(s):  
Rebeca Soler-Costa ◽  
Pablo Lafarga-Ostáriz ◽  
Marta Mauri-Medrano ◽  
Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero

In this article, an analysis of the existing literature is carried out. It focused on the netiquette (country, date, objectives, methodological design, main variables, sample details, and measurement methods) included in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. This systematic review of the literature has been developed entirely according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). The initial search yielded 53 results, of which 18 exceeded the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in detail. These results show that this is a poorly defined line of research, both in theory and in practice. There is a need to update the theoretical framework and an analysis of the empirical proposals, whose samples are supported by students or similar. Knowing, understanding, and analyzing netiquette is a necessity in a society in which information and communication technologies (ICT) have changed the way of socializing and communicating. A new reality in which there is cyber-bullying, digital scams, fake news, and haters on social networks.


2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110278
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ansani ◽  
Marco Marini ◽  
Christian Cecconi ◽  
Daniele Dragoni ◽  
Elena Rinallo ◽  
...  

An online survey (N = 210) is presented on how the perceived utility of correct and exaggerated countermeasures against Covid-19 is affected by different pronominalization strategies (impersonal form, you, we). In evaluating the pronominalization effect, we have statistically controlled for the roles of several personal characteristics: Moral Disengagement, Moral Foundations, Health Anxiety, and Embracing of Fake News. Results indicate that, net of personal proclivities, the you form decreases the perceived utility of exaggerated countermeasures, possibly due to simulation processes. As a second point, through a Structural Equation Model, we show that binding moral values (Authority, Ingroup, and Purity) positively predict both fake news embracing and perceived utility of exaggerated countermeasures, while individualizing moral values (Harm and Fairness) negatively predict fake news embracing and positively predict the perceived utility of correct countermeasures. Lastly, fake news embracing showed a doubly bad effect: not only does it lead people to judge exaggerated countermeasures as more useful; but, more dangerously, it brings them to consider correct countermeasures as less useful in the struggle against the pandemic.


Author(s):  
Maria José D. Martins ◽  
Ana Margarida Veiga Simão ◽  
Ana Paula Caetano ◽  
Isabel Freire ◽  
Armanda Matos ◽  
...  

This chapter review some of the principal personal and situational factors established through recent international research that contribute to explain the phenomenon of cyber-victimization and cyber-aggression among adolescents, as well as its relations with socio-demographic variables (age, sex, grade level). Personal factors, like emotions, motives, normative beliefs, and moral disengagement were discussed jointly with situational factors, as the role of peers, friends, school and family environments, in addition to the possible interactions of these variables on cyber-bullying. The chapter ends with a discussion of future directions about the research on this phenomenon, namely in what concern educational programs that can use digital technology to help adolescents, schools and families to deal with cyber-bullying.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Fuad Bakioğlu ◽  
Bahtiyar Eraslan Çapan

The aim of this study is to investigate a mediator role of emphatic tendency in the relationship between moral disengagement and cyber bullying. The participants comprised 338 Turkish adolescents. The age of participants ranged between 11 and 18 years. The study data was gathered using the Moral Disengagement Scale, the Cyber Bullying Scale and the Emphatic Tendency Scale. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. A bootstrapping analysis was conducted in order to determine any indirect effects. The results show that moral disengagement predicted cyber bullying positively and emphatic tendency negatively, and that emphatic tendency predicted cyber bullying negatively. It was further found that the structural equation model, which proposes that moral disengagement, has a direct and an indirect effect through emphatic tendency on cyber bullying was confirmed. The results of the study are discussed in the light of Social Cognitive Theory, and suggestions for future studies are made.


2020 ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Estefanía Jiménez-Iglesias ◽  
Gemma Martínez-Fernández ◽  
Maialen Garmendia-Larrañaga

The family is a fundamental institution regulating the use of the Internet by children and adolescents. In the family context, the use of the Internet is modeled and adapted to the family dynamics related to the degree of digital literacy of the parents and their attitudes and tactics regarding parental mediation in the use of ICTs. Recent studies have shown that the strategies through which parents seek to regulate Internet use at home can be grouped into the category of enabling mediation, which includes all forms of active mediation of Internet use and online safety, suggesting positive use of technology, and restrictive mediation that conditions online time or limits activities, including the use of parental control software or other filters. In this context, it is important to determine the perceptions of parents regarding ICTs and potential online risks and the opportunities associated with their children’s contact with the Internet and social networks. The current work is based on the results of a survey conducted with 850 parents of Spanish children aged 9 to 17 years who were asked, among other questions, about their online habits, their perception of their own digital skills, and their critical literacy (when faced with, for example, fake news), conflicts generated by the use of the Internet in their families, or the way in which they regulate their children’s access to technology. The fundamental objective of this chapter is to achieve a solid, up-to-date, and comparable portrait of the risks, threats, opportunities, and challenges faced by Spanish families regarding Internet use. Resumen La familia es una institución fundamental en la regulación del uso de internet de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. En el contexto familiar el uso de internet se modela y adapta a las dinámicas familiares relacionadas con el grado de alfabetización digital de padres y madres y con sus actitudes y tácticas respecto a la mediación parental en el uso de TICs. Hay estudios recientes que demuestran que las estrategias a través de las cuales los padres buscan regular el uso de internet en sus casas se pueden agrupar en la categoría de mediación de tipo habilitante –incluyendo todas las formas de mediación activa sobre uso de internet y seguridad online, sugiriendo un uso positivo de la tecnología– y la mediación restrictiva –que condiciona el tiempo online o limita sus actividades, e incluye el uso de software de control parental u otros filtros–. En este contexto es importante conocer las percepciones de los padres respecto a las TIC y los potenciales riesgos y oportunidades online asociados al contacto de sus hijos con internet y las redes sociales. Nuestro trabajo parte de los resultados de una encuesta realizada a 850 padres o madres de niños y niñas españoles de 9 a 17 a quienes se les preguntó, entre otras cuestiones, sobre sus hábitos online, su percepción sobre sus propias habilidades digitales y su alfabetización crítica –ante, por ejemplo, las fake news–, los conflictos que genera el uso de internet en sus familias o el modo en el que regulan el acceso a la tecnología de sus hijos. El objetivo fundamental de este texto es el de conseguir un retrato sólido, actualizado y comparable de los riesgos, amenazas, oportunidades y retos a los que se enfrentan las familias españolas cuando hacen uso de internet.


Author(s):  
Maria José D. Martins ◽  
Ana Margarida Veiga Simão ◽  
Ana Paula Caetano ◽  
Isabel Freire ◽  
Armanda Matos ◽  
...  

This chapter review some of the principal personal and situational factors established through recent international research that contribute to explain the phenomenon of cyber-victimization and cyber-aggression among adolescents, as well as its relations with socio-demographic variables (age, sex, grade level). Personal factors, like emotions, motives, normative beliefs, and moral disengagement were discussed jointly with situational factors, as the role of peers, friends, school and family environments, in addition to the possible interactions of these variables on cyber-bullying. The chapter ends with a discussion of future directions about the research on this phenomenon, namely in what concern educational programs that can use digital technology to help adolescents, schools and families to deal with cyber-bullying.


Author(s):  
Carolin Szász-Janocha ◽  
Eva Vonderlin ◽  
Katajun Lindenberg

Zusammenfassung. Fragestellung: Das junge Störungsbild der Computerspiel- und Internetabhängigkeit hat in den vergangenen Jahren in der Forschung zunehmend an Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Durch die Aufnahme der „Gaming Disorder“ in die ICD-11 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) wurde die Notwendigkeit von evidenzbasierten und wirksamen Interventionen avanciert. PROTECT+ ist ein kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutisches Gruppentherapieprogramm für Jugendliche mit Symptomen der Computerspiel- und Internetabhängigkeit. Die vorliegende Studie zielt auf die Evaluation der mittelfristigen Effekte nach 4 Monaten ab. Methodik: N = 54 Patientinnen und Patienten im Alter von 9 bis 19 Jahren (M = 13.48; SD = 1.72) nahmen an der Frühinterventionsstudie zwischen April 2016 und Dezember 2017 in Heidelberg teil. Die Symptomschwere wurde zu Beginn, zum Abschluss der Gruppentherapie sowie nach 4 Monaten anhand von standardisierten Diagnostikinstrumenten erfasst. Ergebnisse: Mehrebenenanalysen zeigten eine signifikante Reduktion der Symptomschwere anhand der Computerspielabhängigkeitsskala (CSAS) nach 4 Monaten. Im Selbstbeurteilungsbogen zeigte sich ein kleiner Effekt (d = 0.35), im Elternurteil ein mittlerer Effekt (d = 0.77). Der Reliable Change Index, der anhand der Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) berechnet wurde, deutete auf eine starke Heterogenität im individuellen Symptomverlauf hin. Die Patientinnen und Patienten bewerteten das Programm zu beiden Follow-Up-Messzeitpunkten mit einer hohen Zufriedenheit. Schlussfolgerungen: Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt international eine der wenigen Studien dar, die eine Reduktion der Symptome von Computerspiel- und Internetabhängigkeit im Jugendalter über 4 Monate belegen konnte.


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