Cooperative guardian offenders and sentencing outcomes: Evidence from criminal sentencing documents of child trafficking crime in China

2022 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 105449
Author(s):  
Yanyu Xin ◽  
Tianji Cai
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-108
Author(s):  
Alexander Testa ◽  
Jacqueline G. Lee

This study uses 16 years (2002–2017) of federal criminal drug sentences from the U.S. Sentencing Commission (USSC) to examine trends in two criminal sentencing outcomes: whether a defendant received a prison sentence and the length of a prison sentence. Logistic and ordinary least squares regression analyses were used to assess criminal sentencing outcomes. Moderation analyses are conducted to assess variation in sentencing for specific drug offenses over time. Results demonstrate that sentencing for federal drug crimes has become less severe over time. However, there is substantial heterogeneity in sentencing across different drug types, with pharmaceutical opioid cases receiving the least leniency over time regarding the incarceration decision and methamphetamine cases experiencing the lowest reduction in the length of prison sentences from 2002 to 2017. Finally, our analysis stratified by race/ethnicity suggested that there is heterogeneity in sentencing outcomes for federal drug offenders, conditional on racial and ethnic background.


2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 1854-1868
Author(s):  
Robin S. S. Kramer ◽  
Ellen M. Gardner

Our first impressions of others, whether accurate or unfounded, have real-world consequences in terms of how we judge and treat those people. Previous research has suggested that criminal sentencing is influenced by the perceived facial trustworthiness of defendants in murder trials. In real cases, those who appeared less trustworthy were more likely to receive death rather than life sentences. Here, we carried out several attempts to replicate this finding, utilizing the original set of stimuli (Study 1), multiple images of each identity (Study 2), and a larger sample of identities (Study 3). In all cases, we found little support for the association between facial trustworthiness and sentencing. Furthermore, there was clear evidence that the specific image chosen to depict each identity had a significant influence on subsequent judgments. Taken together, our findings suggest that perceptions of facial trustworthiness have no real-world influence on sentencing outcomes in serious criminal cases.


2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1325-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Paul Wilson ◽  
Nicholas O. Rule

1991 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayle S. Bickle ◽  
Ruth D. Peterson

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