Enhanced anabolic capacity, but unchanged anabolic threshold in clinically-stable normal weight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S666
Author(s):  
R.A. Wierzchowska-Mcnew ◽  
N.E. Deutz ◽  
S.Y. Simbo ◽  
G.A. ten Have ◽  
J.J. Thaden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

scholarly journals Metabolic Phenotype and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Skyba ◽  
Jozef Ukropec ◽  
Pavol Pobeha ◽  
Barbara Ukropcova ◽  
Pavol Joppa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Tnf Α

Potential links between metabolic derangements and adipose tissue (AT) inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are unexplored. We investigated AT expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, CD68 (macrophage cell surface receptor), caspase-3, and Bax, and their relationships to the metabolic phenotype in nine cachectic, 12 normal-weight, 12 overweight, and 11 obese patients with COPD (age62.3±7.2years). With increasing body mass index, increases in AT expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, and CD68 were observed (P<.001;P=.005;P<.001, resp.), in association with reduced insulin sensitivity (P<.001). No differences were observed between cachectic and normal-weight patients in AT expressions of inflammatory or proapoptotic markers. Adipose tissue CD68 and TNF-α expressions predicted insulin sensitivity independently of known confounders (P=.005;P=.025;R2=0.840). Our results suggest that AT inflammation in obese COPD patients relates to insulin resistance. Cachectic patients remain insulin sensitive, with no AT upregulation of inflammatory or proapoptotic markers.

Vitamins A and E in Serum in Relation to Weight and Lung Function in Patients with Advanced Pulmonary Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 360-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liv Førli ◽  
Jan Pedersen ◽  
Øystein Bjørtuft ◽  
Rune Blomhoff ◽  
Johan Kofstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The objective of the study was to examine whether serum concentrations of retinol (vitamin A) and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-tocopherols (vitamin E) are affected by underweight and weight gain. The analysis was carried out in underweight (n = 42, of whom 24 had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and normal-weight (n = 29, of whom 16 had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) candidates for lung transplantation before and after dietary intervention for weight gain. In all the patients, serum concentrations of retinol at baseline and changes in retinol were positively associated with body mass index (unstandardized regression coefficient, b = 0.03; p = 0.05) and an increase in weight (b = 0.09, p = 0.02) after dietary intervention, respectively. At baseline, serum retinol concentrations were positively correlated with forced vital capacity (b = 0.24, p < 0.05) and forced expiratory volume in one second (b = 0.17, p < 0.05). In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), tocopherols were higher in the underweight patients than in the normal-weight ones, while it was an opposite tendency in patients with other lung diseases. Only in patients with lung diseases other than COPD was there found a positive association between tocopherols and lung gas diffusion. In patients with other diagnoses compared with patients with COPD, a positive change in serum tocopherol status after weight gain was suggested.

scholarly journals β-Adrenoceptor-mediated thermogenesis and lipolysis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. E357-E364 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. H. Schiffelers ◽  
E. E. Blaak ◽  
E. M. Baarends ◽  
M. A. Van Baak ◽  
W. H. M. Saris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

The present study investigated whether development or maintenance of a relatively increased fat mass in normal-weight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), despite periods of weight loss, may be related to impaired β-adrenoceptor-mediated responses in lipid utilization and thermogenesis. Nine COPD patients and nine healthy controls (body mass index: 23.0 ± 1.3 vs. 23.8 ± 0.6 kg/m2, not significant; fat mass: 19.0 ± 2.1 vs. 11.9 ± 1.5 kg, P < 0.01) received consecutive 30-min infusions of 6, 12, and 24 ng · kg fat free mass−1 · min−1 isoproterenol. During β-adrenergic stimulation, nonesterified fatty acid levels increased significantly less in COPD patients ( P < 0.001). Respiratory exchange ratio decreased similarly in both groups, indicating a similar change in the rate of lipid to carbohydrate oxidation. Energy expenditure increased similarly in both groups during β-adrenergic stimulation. However, because plasma isoproterenol concentrations were significantly higher in COPD patients, thermogenesis related to isoproterenol concentration was significantly reduced in this group ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, β-adrenoceptor-mediated lipolysis and thermogenesis are impaired in COPD patients. This may play a role in the development or maintenance of their relatively increased fat mass.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Body Mass Index On Inpatient- Versus Outpatient-Treated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Jacob ◽  
Catherine Laurin ◽  
Kim L Lavoie ◽  
Gregory Moullec ◽  
Maxine Boudreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Underweight Patients ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Increased body weight has been associated with worse prognoses for many chronic diseases; however, this relationship is less clear in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with underweight patients experiencing higher morbidity than normal or overweight patients.OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the risk for COPD exacerbations.METHODS: The present study included 115 patients with stable COPD (53% women; mean [± SD] age 67±8 years). Height and weight were measured to calculate BMI. Patients were followed for a mean of 1.8±0.8 years to assess the prospective risk of inpatient-treated exacerbations and outpatient-treated exacerbations, all of which were verified by chart review.RESULTS: Cox regression models revealed that underweight patients were at greater risk for inhospital-treated exacerbations (RR 2.93 [95% CI 1.27 to 6.76) relative to normal weight patients. However, overweight (RR 0.59 [95% CI 0.33 to 1.57) and obese (RR 0.99 [95% CI 0.53 to 1.86]) patients did not differ from normal weight patients. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, length of diagnosis, smoking pack-years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and time between recruitment and last exacerbation. BMI did not influence the risk of out-of-hospital exacerbations.CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that underweight patients were at greater risk for inhospital exacerbations. However, BMI did not appear to be a risk factor for out-of-hospital exacerbations. This suggests that the BMI-exacerbation link may differ according to the nature of the exacerbation, the mechanisms for which are not yet known.

scholarly journals Grading the severity of obstruction in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and morbid obesity

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Barbarito ◽  
E. De Mattia
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Lung Function Test ◽  
Test Body ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Grading the severity of obstruction in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and morbid obesity. N. Barbarito, E. De Mattia. Aim. To evaluate the severity of airway obstruction in patients affected by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the presence of concomitant restriction due to morbid obesity. Methods. Lung function test, six-minute walking distance (6MWD) test, body mass index measurement (BMI), and determination of dyspnoea using the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale (MMRC) were performed on each patient referred to our department according to their individual respiratory diagnosis or symptoms. Analysis was performed on smokers or ex-smokers patients, with both dyspnoea and chronic productive cough, showing non fully reversible airflow obstruction, with normal-weight (NW: BMI 22 to 24 kg/m2) or morbid-obesity (MO: BMI

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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