Effect of working pressure and spacing of nozzles on the quality of spraying distribution

2021 ◽  
pp. 105818
Author(s):  
Fabiano Griesang ◽  
Ana Dilena Spadoni ◽  
Pedro Henrique Urah Ferreira ◽  
Marcelo da Costa Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Working Pressure

Effect of working pressure, travel speed and nozzle wear rate on spray quality of different flat fan nozzles

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Eleonóra Kecskés-Nagy ◽  
Milan Koszel ◽  
István Sztachó-Pekáry
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Nozzle Wear ◽  
Mean Diameter

The objective of the work was to determine the influence of working pressure and working speed on drop tracks size and changes in flow rate of flat fan nozzles. New nozzles and nozzles after laboratory wear were tested. The influence of nozzles wear on drop tracks size was tested. It was found that the increase in liquid flow rate resulted in higher values of mean diameter of the droplet track. The increase in working pressure or working speed causes decrease in drop tracks size and reduction in merging of droplets on sprayed surface. The increase of the wear was followed by increased coverage rate. This phenomenon is especially dangerous when using nozzles with a considerable wear for agricultural spraying since this causes ecological threat to environment.

scholarly journals Influence of working pressure and spray nozzle on the distribution of spray liquid in manual backpack sprayers

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcides Marangoni Junior ◽  
Marcelo da Costa Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Spray Nozzle ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Distribution Profile ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Phytosanitary Treatment ◽  
Spray Distribution ◽  
Distribution Uniformity

ABSTRACT Manual backpack sprayers are widely used in rural properties in Brazil. However, studies that assess their working characteristics, especially spray tip models and working pressure conditions, are scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess how much the working pressure and spray tips influence the distribution quality of phytosanitary spray solutions in manual backpack sprayers. Four spray nozzles (standard flat-fan Magnojet TP11002, turbo flat-fan TeeJet TT11002, hollow-cone TeeJet TXA8002, and disc-core) were assessed in a patternator table at 1, 2, 3, and 4 bar. Analyses of spray distribution profile were performed by symmetry and the coefficient of variation (CV) analysed by the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Spray tip models and working pressure influenced in more than 100% the distribution uniformity values of spray solution and in about 50% the useful range of the phytosanitary treatment. Among the models assessed in this study, the turbo flat-fan spray nozzle presents the best set of characteristics to be indicated for manual backpack sprayers aiming at field phytosanitary treatments.

scholarly journals Study on the Shifting Quality of the CVT Tractor under Hydraulic System Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Wang ◽  
Yue Song ◽  
Jiabo Wang ◽  
Wanqiang Chen ◽  
Yunlian Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Seal Ring ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
System Failures ◽  
Rotary Joint ◽  
Fault Mode

The failure of a hydraulic system will affect the shifting quality and driving safety of a CVT tractor. In order to reveal the response of the tractor under different hydraulic system failures without destroying the transmission, the following methods are proposed in this paper: firstly, building the simulation model of CVT; secondly, building a test bench to test and verify the transmission model to ensure that the simulation model can accurately predict the response of CVT under different clutch oil pressures; thirdly, obtaining the fault oil pressure data without starting the engine and taking the data of fault oil pressure as the input variable of the simulation model; finally, obtaining the response of the CVT tractor under different hydraulic system failures by simulation. It is found that the damage of the seal ring inside the rotary joint has little effect on shifting quality; oil way block can lead to greater shift impact; when seal ring damage and oil way block occur together, the clutch cannot reach the minimum working pressure; clutch piston jamming and oil leak can cause power interruption of the tractor. The results show that it is feasible to study the response of CVT in fault mode by simulation.

scholarly journals Effect of Pressure on the Uniformity of Nozzles Transverse Distribution and Mathematical Model Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Višacki ◽  
Aleksandar Sedlar ◽  
Rajko Bugarin ◽  
Jan Turan ◽  
Patrik Burg
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Transverse Distribution ◽  
Working Liquid

Timely and high-quality application of pesticides contributes to environmental protection, economical production and production of healthy food. The efficacy of pesticide application depends not only on the quality of pesticides but also the quality of the application. One of the factor that most influences the quality of applications, from the standpoint of mechanization, are nozzles. They working liquid applied on the surface the plant resulting in the same volume of pesticide is applied to the entire surface of the plants. To achieve this goal, nozzles must be performed uniform application of working liquid per unit area, or tractor sprayer working width. The variable factor in the application of pesticides may be nozzle and operating pressure. With increasing working pressure obtained smaller droplets. The paper presents test of three different nozzles. Each nozzle is characterized by a flat jet with an angle of 110° and a flow rate of 1.6 l∙min−1 at a pressure of 3 bar. Differ from each other are by the way of disintegration of the jet. Exactly this characteristic causes that with pressure change coming to changes in the uniformity of nozzles transverse distribution. So the best distribution has nozzle with a flat jet. The coefficient of variation is between roughly from 4 to 6 % at the pressure application of 2 to 4 bar. Obtained mathematical model that describes changes in the coefficient of variation depending on pressure applications can be a good basis for easy harmonization parameters in the pesticide application.

scholarly journals Investigation and Analysis of the Logistics Personnel’s Working Condition in the Post-COVID-19 Era — An Example of a Top Three Hospital in Shanghai

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qian Mingping ◽  
Liu Rong ◽  
Hu Longjun ◽  
Gao Wenxue ◽  
Cai Guojun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
Security Personnel ◽  
Hospital Culture ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this work is to explore the working conditions of logistics personnel in hospital and provide a new approach for improving the service quality of them in the post-COVID-19 era. Eighty-four logistics personnel in an upper first-class hospital were included in the study, and their working conditions were investigated and analyzed via self-designed questionnaire. 73.8% of all respondents think their work is significantly important to the brand building of the hospital, and 67.9% of them think they are closely related to a harmonious doctor–patient relationship. The compliant rate is higher in security personnel when compared with other personnel and the difference was statistically significant ([Formula: see text]). 94% of the logistics personnel indicate a higher intensity in their work, 39.3% of them constantly face the working pressure and 57.1% come from the risk of infection which accounts for the largest. The largest demand comes for the protective equipment, which is from 69 workers. It would be better for us to pay attention to the hospital culture training and strengthen the sense of identity among logistics personnel of the hospital continuously. Meanwhile we need to enrich the connotation of professional style construction in hospital and promote the efficiency of logistics service. Targeted training is necessary to improve the service capabilities of the security personnel since they receive more complaints. Diversified and personalized support to the logistics personnel based on the grasp of their special demand is also important.

scholarly journals The Characteristics of Perlite Sound Absorption Board Formed By Vibration Molding

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yanjun ◽  
Liu Rui ◽  
Song Haiping ◽  
Jing Ran ◽  
Zhu Jiayu
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Molding Methods

This paper puts forward a scheme to form perlite sound absorption boards by vibration molding according to the material properties and the characteristics of vibration forming method. In the trial, the feasibility and reliability of this method were confirmed by studying the effect of working pressure, frequency and vibration force on the quality of the perlite sound absorption board. Besides, a series of recommended parameters for better forming was proposed. Through the discussion on the characteristics of the perlite sound absorption board after vibration molding, it is verified that different molding methods have a great influence on the quality and performance of the perlite sound absorption board. In addition, the conclusion which provides a basis for further research on forming method of similar boards shows that the density of the finished products formed by vibration molding method is more uniform.

scholarly journals Investigation of the regularity of sedimentation of liquid droplets during field crop spraying

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
V. Panasyuk ◽  
V. Pyatachenko
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Liquid Pressure ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Spray Rate ◽  
Methods Analytical

Purpose. Improving the quality of spraying field crops, reducing losses of chemicals of spraying and improving the environmental safety. Methods. Analytical and experimental. Results. Analytical dependences are obtained, which make it possible to determine the droplet velocity depending on their diameter and working pressure. Conclusions. With increase in diameter of the droplet and the liquid pressure in the spray increases the time during which it reaches the speed of hovering and increases the path which will pass a drop until its speed reaches the hovering velocity. These data can be used to justify the rational parameters of the sprayer. Keywords: dispersion of spray, meteorological factors, spraying, droplet settling, spray, rate hovering.

Reasons for banding formation in steels of K60 strength category

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
A. N. Zavalishchin ◽  
◽  
O. N. Tulupov ◽  
M. I. Rumyantsev ◽  
E. V. Kozhevnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Cast Billet ◽  
Chemical Inhomogeneity ◽  
Dendritic Segregation ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Sheet Plane ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Continuously Cast

Active development of pipeline transport of gas and oil with increasing working pressure to 120 atm. increases the need for pipes with large wall thickness that correspond the requirements of the DNV OS-F101 standard. Quality of continuously cast billets is decisive for improving quality of sheet metal for main pipelines. Inheritance of cast structure imperfections by a hot-rolled sheet leads to structural heterogeneity of the strip and the layered nature of the fracture surface and adversely affects the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Structural heterogeneity of rolled products is appeared in the form of axial ferrite-martensitic metal banding and metal banding in the main section of the sheet consisting of a mixture of ferritic and pearlitic grains — pearlitic metal banding. The flatness in the axial zone of the rolled products is due to axial chemical heterogeneity which is objectively formed during crystallization of the continuously cast billet and further phase transformations. The axial chemical inhomogeneity does not resolve despite the recrystallization of the structure and deformation and the high content of alloying elements contributes to the formation of the martensite phase and large carbonitride precipitates. The cause of pearlite bands is considered usually to be the presence of dendritic segregation. According to us the reason of this metal banding is the shift of the temperature front of γ → α transformation parallel to the sheet surface in depth as a result of which before the next volume of formed ferrite the concentration of carbon dissolved in austenite increases with the subsequent formation of pearlite. The enrichment of austenite proceeds along the boundaries preserved from the δ → γ transformation during cooling the slab and the formed pearlite structure repeats the shape of the boundaries of these grains in the section parallel to the sheet plane.

Structural design of pressure pipes

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
I. Bjorklund
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Pressure Pipes ◽  
Flexible Pipes ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced ◽  
Design Calculations

There exist various methods for structural design of buried pressure pipes. However, it must be remembered that sophisticated design methods needs a significant supervision of the construction work to be reliable. The need for detailed calculations varies for different materials. Ductile iron (DCI) pipes have high strength properties and for most DCI pipe installations a design check against EN 545 is fully sufficient as regards the structural design. Glass fibre reinforced polyester (GRP) pipes have a limited strainability and are thus highly dependent on the quality of the installation work. It is recommendable to check that the combined strain of the load cases which the pipe shall be designed for does not exceed the allowable strain for the pipe material. Polyethylene (PE) and Polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipes are flexible pipes with a high strainability. The allowable working pressure for these pipes will normally be determined by the PN class and the operating temperature and the need for structural design calculations is limited. It is interesting to note that PE pipes which have the lowest strength properties of all of the above mentioned materials have the lowest failure rate. The latter shows that it is not just the tensile strength, but other factors such as strainability and corrosion resistance which affect the structural performance of buried pipelines.

Trees Transplanting Machine Mechanical Model Establishment and Shovel Blade Finite Element Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 486 ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Zhi Peng Li ◽  
Qiang Huo
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Transplanting Machine

Trees or small saplings are often required to be transplanted to other places due to the modern city construction, environmental transformation, forestation, etc. To use human resources to transplant results in high labor intensity, low efficiency, and high cost. In order to satisfy the requirement of the market, a kind of trees transplanting machine with simple structure and high efficiency has been applied to dig holes, place seedlings and transplant[1]. A machine of high-automation is desirable in order to meet the demand for mechanical transplantation of the afforestation seedling. The depth and ball diameter of soil are determined according to the diameter at breast height of the trees. Statistics show that tree transplant with the machine, the survival rate of forestation is 95% or above. Compared with the traditional afforestation technology the application of the machine shortens seeding period of 2-3 years, increases the rate of trees growth to 57.7%, and improves economic efficiency to 98% [2]. Because the shovel blade is the main working part of a trees transplanting machine, its design greatly affect the quality of the work conducted by the machine. In order to enhance the quality of the shovel blade design, this research established the mechanics model of the tree transplanting machine and carried out the finite element analysis of the shovel blade to predict its maximum working pressure.

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