Infections caused by microbial proliferation are one of the common issues and serious threats to the
medical care, and they usually result in disease spread. Therefore, it is a significant issue for developing the antiinfective
biomaterials to control this problem, according to the specific clinical application. Meanwhile, all their
properties, the best anti-infective performance, the safe biocompatibility and the appropriate tissue interactions
must be conformed to each other. At present, technologies are developing novel biomaterials and surfaces endowed
with anti-infective properties, relying either on bactericidal or anti-biofilm activities. This review focuses
on thoroughly summarizing numerous kinds of antibacterial biomaterials, including the antibacterial matrix biomaterials,
antibacterial coatings and films, nanostructured materials and antibacterial fibers. Among these strategies,
the utilization of bio-glass base and graphene base antibacterial matrix, and their effects on the antibiosis
mechanism were emphatically discussed. Simultaneously, the effects and mechanisms of nano-coated metallic
ions are also mentioned. Overall, there is a wealth of technical solutions to contrast the establishment of an implant
infection. The lack of well-structured prospective multicenter clinical trials hinders the achievement of
conclusive data on the efficacy and comparative performance of antibacterial biomaterials.
