This study empirically investigates the nexus between Casualization and Employee Morale in the Oil industry, using Shell Companies in Nigeria (SCiN) as a case study. The ‘Convenience Sampling Technique’ was used to assess the sample size of 200 employees. Data was analyzed via Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient, with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 27. The Findings revealed that: Casualization is significantly related to Employee Morale. It was concluded that all dimensions of the exogenous variable should be encouraged. All of which is to achieve high employee morale. Thus, the study recommends that: Management should allow casual workers access to certain perks and benefits such as: health benefits, performance bonuses, transportation allowances, etc. and they also should be allowed to have a workers' union for collective bargaining, sustained compensation policies, work on reducing stigmatization and focus on improving work conditions in order to achieve ‘high’ employee morale.
Prioritizing strategic innovative energy technologies for development by a novel fuzzy approach based on distances from ideals (Case study: Upstream technologies of Iran’s oil industry fields)
