Transcriptional biomarkers of response to pharmacological treatments in severe mental disorders: A systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 112-157
Author(s):  
Claudia Pisanu ◽  
Giovanni Severino ◽  
Ilario De Toma ◽  
Mara Dierssen ◽  
Paolo Fusar-Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Transcriptional Biomarkers

A systematic review of overlapping affected brain areas in severe mental disorders adult inpatients

2021 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 119756
Author(s):  
Augusto Brenner ◽  
Felipe Cesar Claudino ◽  
Luisa Burin ◽  
Victória Scheibe ◽  
Bárbara Padilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Brain Areas

Behavioural symptoms and impairments in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eija Rosti-Otajärvi ◽  
Päivi Hämäläinen
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms

Behavioural problems are not well recognized in multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of behavioural symptoms and impairments in MS. A systematic search was carried out from MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL and COCHRANE. In total, 23 studies (1831 participants) were identified. Based on the literature search, behavioural symptoms and impairments are observed in MS. Aggression (23%), apathy (22%), euphoria (12%) and lack of insight (11%) were the most frequent symptoms, and adjustment disorder (17%) the most frequent impairment. Severe mental disorders are more infrequent than changes in behaviour, manner of reaction, and way of action. In conclusion the objective behavioural impairments and especially subjective symptoms are present in patients with MS. These manifestations should be taken into account in the diagnostics and treatment of the disease.

scholarly journals Assessing cognition in people with severe mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of assessment measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohannes Gebreegziabhere Haile ◽  
Kassahun Habatmu ◽  
Andualem Derese ◽  
Hetta Gouse ◽  
Stephen M. Lawrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Brief Assessment ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Cognitive difficulties are common in people with severe mental disorders (SMDs) and various measures of cognition are of proven validity. However, there is a lack of systematic evidence regarding the psychometric properties of these measures in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective To systematically review the psychometric properties of cognitive measures validated in people with SMDs in LMICs. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature by searching from four electronic databases. Two authors independently screened studies for their eligibility. Measurement properties of measures in all included studies were extracted. All eligible measures were assessed against criteria set for clinical and research recommendations. Results are summarized narratively and measures were grouped by measurement type and population. Results We identified 23 unique measures from 28 studies. None of these was from low-income settings. Seventeen of the measures were performance-based. The majority (n = 16/23) of the measures were validated in people with schizophrenia. The most commonly reported measurement properties were: known group, convergent, and divergent validity (n = 25/28). For most psychometric property, studies of methodological qualities were found to be doubtful. Among measures evaluated in people with schizophrenia, Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Cognitive Assessment Interview, MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, and CogState Schizophrenia Battery were with the highest scores for clinical and research recommendation. Conclusions Studies included in our review provide only limited quality evidence and future studies should consider adapting and validating measures using stronger designs and methods. Nonetheless, validated assessments of cognition could help in the management and allocating therapy in people with SMDs in LMICs.

A systematic review of online interventions for families of patients with severe mental disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Sara Barbeito ◽  
Teresa Sánchez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Juan Antonio Becerra-García ◽  
Ana González Pinto ◽  
Elisabetta Caletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Online Interventions

Prescribing and Overprescribing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Paris
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Drug Combinations ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Prescription Rates

The development of effective pharmacological treatments for severe mental disorders between the 1950s and 1970s was one of the great triumphs of medical science. However, progress since then has been slow. Most drugs in current use are variants of those previously on the market, albeit with less worrisome side effects. Yet prescription rates have skyrocketed. Moreover, atypical antipsychotics, despite their side effects and warnings from watchdog organizations, are currently being widely used for sedation. Psychiatrists are prescribing these drugs for many, if not most, of their patients. All have a proper use—one cannot treat psychosis without antipsychotics. However, the situation in common mental disorders is different. Although antidepressants are essential in melancholic depressions, they are much less effective in mild to moderate cases. Moreover, protocols that advise drug combinations for “treatment-resistant” cases are not well based in evidence.

Severe mental disorders and vaccinations – a systematic review

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nina Bonkat ◽  
Frederike T. Fellendorf ◽  
Nina Dalkner ◽  
Eva Z. Reininghaus
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders

scholarly journals 785Excess mortality in severe mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-regression

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miss Suhailah Ali ◽  
Fiona Charlson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Decades worth of epidemiological studies, synthesised by systematic reviews and meta-analyses, have consistently shown that people with severe mental disorders (SMD) have a higher risk of mortality compared to the general population, which has not improved over time. One of the major limitations of previous reviews is the use of meta-analytic models to synthesise mortality estimates without taking into account potential sources of heterogeneity. Methods A systematic review of studies examining mortality in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder compared to the general population was conducted. Estimates of all-cause and cause-specific mortality were calculated using meta-regression models to quantify and adjust for the effects of covariates, including both study-level and population-level factors. Results A total of 76 studies were included in the analyses. The adjusted relative risk for all-cause mortality in schizophrenia was 2.80 (95% CI 2.30 to 3.41) and 2.33 (95%CI 2.01 to 2.71) for bipolar disorder. Mortality was elevated in each cause of death examined, across both unnatural and natural causes. Some heterogeneity was explained by age and sex. Conclusions The mortality gap for people with SMD compared to the general population remains unchanged. Most of the heterogeneity between studies could not be accounted for by the covariates included in our analyses. Key messages More work needs to be done towards understanding the causal factors underlying excess mortality in people with SMD in order to achieve more equitable health outcomes.

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