Functionalization of sweet potato leaf polyphenols by nanostructured composite β-lactoglobulin particles from molecular level complexations: A review

The measurement of plant water status such as leaf water potential (LWP) and leaf relative water content (RWC) is important part of understanding plant physiology and biomass production. Preliminary study was made to determine the optimum amount of leaf abrasion and equilibration time of sweet potato leaf inside the thermocouple psychrometer chambers. Based on the trial, the standard equilibration time curve of a Peltier thermocouple for sweet potato leaf was between 2 and 3 hours. To increase the water vapour conductance across the leaf epidermis the waxy leaf cuticle should be removed or broken by abrasion. The result showed that 4 times leaf rubbings was accepted as the most effective way to increase leaf vapour conductance of sweet potato in the psychrometer chambers. In calculating the leaf relative water content, unstressed water of sweet potato leaves require 4 hours imbibition, whereas water stressed of sweet potato leaves require 5 to 6 hours to reach the saturation time. Either leaf water potential or relative water content can be used as a parameter for plant water status in sweet potato.

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Potential Risk of Consuming Vegetables Planted in Soil with Lead and Cadmium and the Influence on Vegetable Antioxidant Activity

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11093761 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 3761

Author(s):

Wen-Lii Huang ◽

Wei-Hsiang Chang ◽

Shu-Fen Cheng ◽

Huai-Yuan Li ◽

Hsiu-Ling Chen

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Accumulation Rate ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Water Spinach ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Cd Exposure

Once in soil and water, metals can enter the food chain, and the consumption of contaminated crops can pose a serious risk to human health. This study used pot experiments to evaluate the accumulation of metal elements and their influence on levels of antioxidants in vegetables. The current study clearly demonstrates that metals accumulated in the five vegetables that were planted in the contaminated soils, especially so for water spinach. Cd accumulation of all of the vegetables planted in the contaminated soils was greater Cu. The low accumulation rate that was seen in sweet potato leaf, potato, and tomato indicated their suitability for planting in suspected contaminated soil, such as at farms nearby metal industries, in replacement of high accumulators, such as leafy vegetables. The non-carcinogenic HI of Cd exposure from water spinach and sweet potato were >1, whereas those for Cu were <1. This study suggests that residents may experience health risks due to vegetable consumption, and that children are vulnerable to the adverse effects of heavy metal ingestion.

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Large-Scale Seedling Grow-Out Experiments Do Not Support Seed Transmission of Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus in Sweet Potato

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 139

Author(s):

Sharon A. Andreason ◽

Omotola G. Olaniyi ◽

Andrea C. Gilliard ◽

Phillip A. Wadl ◽

Livy H. Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Large Scale ◽

Seed Transmission ◽

Potato Production ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Vector Transmission ◽

Leaf Curl Virus ◽

Seed Coats ◽

Potato Seedlings ◽

Leaf Curl

Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) threatens global sweet potato production. SPLCV is transmitted by Bemisia tabaci or via infected vegetative planting materials; however, SPLCV was suggested to be seed transmissible, which is a characteristic that is disputed for geminiviruses. The objective of this study was to revisit the validity of seed transmission of SPLCV in sweet potato. Using large-scale grow-out of sweet potato seedlings from SPLCV-contaminated seeds over 4 consecutive years, approximately 23,034 sweet potato seedlings of 118 genotype entries were evaluated. All seedlings germinating in a greenhouse under insect-proof conditions or in a growth chamber were free of SPLCV; however, a few seedlings grown in an open bench greenhouse lacking insect exclusion tested positive for SPLCV. Inspection of these seedlings revealed that B. tabaci had infiltrated the greenhouse. Therefore, transmission experiments were conducted using B. tabaci MEAM1, demonstrating successful vector transmission of SPLCV to sweet potato. Additionally, tests on contaminated seed coats and germinating cotyledons demonstrated that SPLCV contaminated a high percentage of seed coats collected from infected maternal plants, but SPLCV was never detected in emerging cotyledons. Based on the results of grow-out experiments, seed coat and cotyledon tests, and vector transmission experiments, we conclude that SPLCV is not seed transmitted in sweet potato.

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Effects of Process Parameters on the Color Quality of Anthocyanin-Based Colorants from Conventional and Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Extraction of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Leaf Varieties

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/foods_2020-07741 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Jin Mark D. G. Pagulayan ◽

Aprille Suzette V. Mendoza ◽

Fredelyn S. Gascon ◽

Jan Carlo C. Aningat ◽

Abigail S. Rustia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Aqueous Extraction ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Color Quality ◽

The Impact

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of process parameters (time and raw material weight (RMW)) of conventional (boiling for 10–45 min) and microwave-assisted (2–8 min) aqueous extraction on the color quality (i.e., lightness (L*), chroma (C*), and hue (H°) of anthocyanin –based colorants of red and Inubi sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves. Using response surface methodology, it was found that RMW and boiling time (BT) and microwave time (MT) generally had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the color quality of the extract from both extraction methods. The effects were found to vary depending on the extraction method and variety of the leaves used. Both extraction methods produced a brown to brick-red extract from the Inubi variety that turned red-violet to pink when acidified. The red sweet potato leaves produced a deep violet colored extract that also turned red-violet when acidified. It is recommended that the anthocyanin content of the extracts be measured to validate the impact of the methods on the active agent. Nevertheless, the outcomes in this study may serve as baseline data for further studies on the potential of sweet potato leaf colorants (SPLC) as a colorant with functional properties.

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Inhibitory Effects of Purple Sweet Potato Leaf Extract on the Proliferation and Lipogenesis of the 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x15500536 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (05) ◽

pp. 915-925 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shou-Lun Lee ◽

Hsien-Kuang Lee ◽

Ting-Yu Chin ◽

Ssu-Chieh Tu ◽

Ming-Hsun Kuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Early Stage ◽

Water Extract ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Purple Sweet Potato ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Dose Dependent Decrease ◽

Dose Dependent

Purple sweet potato leaves (PSPLs) are healthy vegetable that is rich in anti-oxidants. A solution of boiling water extract of PSPL (PSPLE) is believed to be able to prevent obesity and metabolic syndrome in the countryside of Taiwan, but its efficacy has not yet been verified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible anti-adipogenesis effect of PSPLE in vitro. PSPLE was used to treat the 3T3-L1 cells, and the effects on cell proliferation and adipogenesis were investigated. The results showed that PSPLE caused a dose-dependent decrease in the cell proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, but did not alter the cell viability. In addition, PSPLE induced ERK inactivation in the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Furthermore, pre-treatment of confluent 3T3-L1 cells with PSPLE led to reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The inhibition of lipogenesis could result from the PSPLE-induced down-regulation of the expression of the C/EBPα and SREBP-1 transcription factors during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that PSPLE not only inhibits cell proliferation at an early stage but also inhibits adipogenesis at a later stage of the differentiation program.

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The antihyperlipidaemic and hepatoprotective effect of Ipomoea batatas L. leaves extract in high-fat diet rats

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v10i3.20777 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 558

Author(s):

Nurkhasanah Mahfudh ◽

Nanik Sulistyani ◽

Muhammad Syakbani ◽

Athifah Candra Dewi

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Lipid Level ◽

Hepatoprotective Effect ◽

High Fat ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽

Liver Histopathology ◽

Purple Sweet Potato

The administration of high-fat diets can increase the body's lipid level and damage the organs. Purple sweet potato leaf (Ipomoea batatas L.) was reported as an antioxidant against free radicals. This study aimed to observe the sweet potato leaf extract's activity on decreasing lipid profile and hepatoprotective effect in high-fat diet fed rats. The treatment animals were divided into five groups, namely normal control, high-fat diet (HFD) control, the treatment group of purple sweet potato leaf extract (SPLE) doses 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW which fed with high-fat diet for 14 days and SPLE for 28 days. After treatment was completed, the blood was collected for the detection of cholesterol, triglyceride, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), and serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT). After that, the animals were sacrificed, and a liver histopathology observation was conducted using Haematoxylien and Eosin staining. The result showed a significant decrease in cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p≤0.05) compared to the negative group in all treated groups. The SGOT and SGPT enzymes in all of treatment groups were also found to decrease compared with HFD control. The result was confirmed by the histopathological observations. The finding suggested the potency of SPLE for antihyperlipidaemic and hepatoprotective agent.

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Growth Performance and Survival of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings Fed Sweet Potato Leaf Meal (SPLM) as Partial Replacement for Soya Beam Meal (SBM)

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES ◽

10.46912/napas.35 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

A Ogaga ◽

A Ebiobowei ◽

I O Elijah

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Feed Formulation ◽

Leaf Meal ◽

Percentage Survival ◽

Length Increase ◽

Different Levels

This study was designed to assess the suitability of using sweet potato leaf meal (SPLM) as a substitute for the complete or partial replacement of soya beans as protein source in fish feed formulation. One hundred and sixty Clarias gariepinus fingerlings were fed different levels of experimental diets containing 40% crudeprotein. Sweet potato leaf mealwas used at different levels of10% (Diet/Treatment 2 i.e. T2), 20% (T3) and 30% (T4), while 0% served as control (T1). Fingerlings were fed diet at 5% of their body weight for 42days. This study determined the growth, survival and the best inclusion rate of SPLM in the diet which was conducted in a plastic tank. All experimental diet were accepted by the Clarias gariepinus fingerlings without impairing growth. The highest mean weight gain (2.5+ 0.09g) was obtained in fish fed with 10% SPLM inclusion (T2), while the least (1.8+ 0.09g) was recorded in T4 i.e. 30% inclusion. Similar trend was obtained for length increase, protein efficiency and percentage survival. All fish were good in condition except those offered diet T4. The best SPLM inclusion level of the study was obtained in T2.

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Detection of Viruses in Sweetpotato from Honduras and Guatemala Augmented by Deep-Sequencing of Small-RNAs

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-03-12-0268-re ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 96 (10) ◽

pp. 1430-1437 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

M. Kashif ◽

S. Pietilä ◽

K. Artola ◽

R. A. C. Jones ◽

A. K. Tugume ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Virus Strain ◽

Deep Sequencing ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Wide Range ◽

Virus C ◽

Small Rna Deep Sequencing

Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) plants become infected with over 30 RNA or DNA viruses in different parts of the world but little is known about viruses infecting sweetpotato crops in Central America, the center of sweetpotato domestication. Small-RNA deep-sequencing (SRDS) analysis was used to detect viruses in sweetpotato in Honduras and Guatemala, which detected Sweet potato feathery mottle virus strain RC and Sweet potato virus C (Potyvirus spp.), Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus strain WA (SPCSV-WA; Crinivirus sp.), Sweet potato leaf curl Georgia virus (Begomovirus sp.), and Sweet potato pakakuy virus strain B (synonym: Sweet potato badnavirus B). Results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the amplicons. Four viruses were detected in a sweetpotato sample from the Galapagos Islands. Serological assays available to two of the five viruses gave results consistent with those obtained by SRDS, and were negative for six additional sweetpotato viruses tested. Plants coinfected with SPCSV-WA and one to two other viruses displayed severe foliar symptoms of epinasty and leaf malformation, purpling, vein banding, or chlorosis. The results suggest that SRDS is suitable for use as a universal, robust, and reliable method for detection of plant viruses, and especially useful for determining virus infections in crops infected with a wide range of unrelated viruses.

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The potential biopesticide toxicity test of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam (Purple Sweet Potato leaf extract) against Artemia salina Leach larvae using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) ◽

10.29322/ijsrp.10.08.2020.p10428 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 212-217

Author(s):

Onik Anggita Sari ◽

Slamet Isworo

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Test Method ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Purple Sweet Potato

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The Content of Phenolic Acids and Flavonols in the Leaves of Nine Varieties of Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) Depending on Their Development, Grown in Central Europe

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25153473 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (15) ◽

pp. 3473 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Barbara Krochmal-Marczak ◽

Tomasz Cebulak ◽

Ireneusz Kapusta ◽

Jan Oszmiański ◽

Joanna Kaszuba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Leaf Development ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Raw Material ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Sweet Potato Leaves

The aim of the study was the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the bioactive components present in the leaves of 9 sweet potato cultivars grown in the moderate climate in Poland, which were harvested at different growth stages according to the BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) scale (14, 51, 89). It was found that sweet potato leaves contained 7 polyphenolic compounds, including 5 chlorogenic acids—neochlorogenic acid (5-CQA), chlorogenic acid (3-CQA), 4-cryptochlorogenic acid (4-CQA), 34-di-O-caffeoylqunic acid (3,4-CQA), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylqunic acid (3,5-CQA)—and 2 flavonoids, quercetin-3-O-galactoside (Q-3-GA) and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q-3-GL). Their content depended on the genotype of the examined cultivars and on the stage of leaf development. The mean content of the identified polyphenolic compounds in the examined cultivars ranged from 148.2 to 14.038.6 mg/100 g−1 DM for the leaves harvested at growth stage 14 according to the BBCH scale. In the case of leaves harvested at BBCH stage 51, the concentration of polyphenolic compounds ranged from 144.76 to 5026.8 mg/100 g−1 DM and at BBCH stage 89 from 4078.1 to 11.183.5 mg/100 g−1 DM. The leaves of the Carmen Rubin cultivar collected at stage 14 contained the highest amount of polyphenolic compounds, while Okinava leaves had the highest amount of these compounds at stage 51. The highest content of polyphenolic compounds in leaves at BBCH growth stage 89 was found in the Radiosa variety. The highest concentration levels were found for 3-CQA at all stages of leaf development. Significant correlations between polyphenol content and antioxidant activity measured by 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) were found. The results of this experiment revealed that the growth stages and genetic properties of cultivars have a very significant influence on the content of phenolic acids and flavonols in sweet potato leaves. The results are innovative and can have a practical application, as the knowledge of the content of the substances under study makes it possible to determine the optimal management practice of sweet potato leaf harvest in order to obtain more top-quality raw material.

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