Microwave-assisted pyrolysis for carbon catalyst, nanomaterials and biofuel production

Rice husk has the potential to be used as a source of alternative energy e.g. as biofuel. Its high lignin content, however, poses difficulty to this use. This study investigates the use of microwave assisted acidic and alkaline pretreatment methods to improve the characteristics of rice husk for energy production. The use of microwave assisted 3.5% NaOH provided optimum pretreatment of rice husk; the lignin content was reduced from 17.8 to 10.2%, the cellulose content increased from 38.6 to 59.3% and the C/N ratio was within the optimum range of 25-35. The results showed enhanced potential of biofuel production from rice husk by this pretreatment.

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Microwave-Assisted Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass for Biofuel Production

Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Microwave - Biofuels and Biorefineries ◽

10.1007/978-94-017-9612-5_5 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 83-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Paul Chen ◽

Qinglong Xie ◽

Zhenyi Du ◽

Fernanda Cabral Borges ◽

Peng Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biofuel Production ◽

Thermochemical Conversion ◽

Microwave Assisted

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Bioethanol Production from Cassava Peel Treated with Sulfonated Carbon Catalyzed Hydrolysis

Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi ◽

10.14710/jksa.24.1.1-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Primata Mardina ◽

Chairul Irawan ◽

Meilana Dharma Putra ◽

Sylvera Bella Priscilla ◽

Misnawati Misnawati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Raw Material ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Agricultural Activities ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Carbon Catalyst ◽

Biomass Waste ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Starch Fermentation ◽

Cassava Peel

A large amount of Cassava peel as biomass waste is generated by agricultural activities, and it led to a new pursuit to exploit the utilization of biomass waste. This research aimed to study the potential of Cassava peel as raw material for bioethanol production. This study was performed in 2 main processes, acid hydrolysis, and fermentation. The experiment was initiated by conducting acid hydrolysis (100°C and 60 min) on Cassava peel’s starch using sulfonated carbon catalyst palm oil empty fruit bunch (5%-w/v) to produce 13.53 g/L glucose. The glucose contained hydrolysates then continued to ferment at 30°C. The effect of fermentation time (h), pH, and shaking rate (rpm) of cassava peel’s starch fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae was analyzed. The best result was found at pH 4.5 and 50 rpm for a 24 h reaction with 3.75 g/L of bioethanol concentration. This study revealed that Cassava peel is a promising feedstock for biofuel production.

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Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Alkali Pretreatment for Enhancement of Delignification Process of Cocoa Pod Husk

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.16.1.8872.31-43 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 31-43

Author(s):

Maktum Muharja ◽

Rizki Fitria Darmayanti ◽

Bekti Palupi ◽

Istiqomah Rahmawati ◽

Boy Arief Fachri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irradiation Time ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Alkali Pretreatment ◽

Box Behnken Design ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Naoh Solution ◽

Cocoa Pod Husk ◽

Pretreatment Technology ◽

Composition Changes ◽

Open Access Article

In this study, the optimization of microwave-assisted alkaline (MAA) pretreatment is performed to attain the optimal operating parameters for the delignification of cocoa pod husk (CPH). The MAA performance was examined by heating the CPH solid with different particle sizes (60–120 mesh) and NaOH solution with a different sample to a solvent (SS) ratio (0.02–0.05 g/L), for short irradiation time (1–4 min). Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was utilized to optimize the percentage of lignocellulose composition changes. The results show that by enlarging particle size, the content of lignin and cellulose decreased while hemicellulose increased. By prolong irradiation time, the content of lignin and hemicellulose decreased while cellulose elevated. On the other hand, increasing the SS ratio was not significant for hemicellulose content changes. From FTIR and SEM characterization, the MAA drove the removal of lignin and hemicellulose of CPH and increased cellulose slightly. Supported by kinetic study which conducted in this work, it was exhibited that MAA pretreatment technology is an effective delignification method of CPH which can tackle the bottleneck of its commercial biofuel production. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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