Mechanism analysis of gas products from catalytic pyrolysis of tire rubber based on reaction thermodynamics and kinetics

In this work, the interface reaction between Al2O3 ceramic and Ag70.5Cu27.5Ti2 brazing filler metal at 845-860°C was investigated. Based on the data of thermodynamics and kinetics, the Gibbs free energies of the main interface reactions in the real brazing system condition were calculated. But the values of normal equilibrium reaction condition and the real interface reaction brazing system were different; and the main influential factor was the brazing temperature, and the system vacuum of brazing condition can lead the change of equilibrium constant (Kα). The results revealed that the high temperature and vacuum active brazing is a non-equilibrium interface reaction especially to titanium alloy, the vacuum and alloy liquid solution are beneficial to the brazing process, and the by-product formation of titanium-oxygen are affected by the diffusion process.

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Thermodynamic and Kinetic Characterization of Duplex Formation between 2′-O, 4′-C-Methylene-modified Oligoribonucleotides, DNA and RNA

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1007/s10540-007-9056-x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 327-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ulla Christensen

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acid ◽

Full Length ◽

Locked Nucleic Acid ◽

Complementary Dna ◽

High Affinity ◽

Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽

Dna And Rna ◽

Reaction Thermodynamics ◽

Duplex Formation

2′-O,4′-C-methylene-linked ribonucleotide derivatives, named LNA (locked nucleic acid) and BNA (bridged nucleic acid) are nucleic acid analogoues that have shown high-affinity recognition of DNA and RNA, and the employment of LNA oligomers for antisense activity, gene regulation and nucleic acid diagnostics seems promising. Here we show kinetic and thermodynamic results on the interaction of a series of 10 bases long LNA–DNA mixmers, gabmers as well as full length LNA's with the complementary DNA, RNA and LNA oligonucleotides in the presence and absence of 10 mM Mg2+- ions. Our results show no significant differences in the reaction thermodynamics and kinetics between the LNA species, only a tendency to stronger duplex formation with the gabmer and mixmer. Introduction of a few LNA's thus may be a better strategy, than using full length LNA's to obtain an oligonucleotide that markedly increases the strength of duplexes formed with the complementary DNA and RNA.

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Pyrolysis of RDF and Catalytic Decomposition of the Produced Tar in a Char Bed Secondary Reactor as an Efficient Source of Syngas

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr10010090 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Bogusław Kusz ◽

Dariusz Kardaś ◽

Łukasz Heda ◽

Bartosz Trawiński

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Residence Time ◽

Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽

Catalytic Decomposition ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Good Source ◽

Gaseous Products ◽

Refuse Derived Fuel ◽

Gas Products ◽

Tar Cracking

One of the technical limitations of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) pyrolysis is the high content of tar in its gas products. In order to resolve this problem, a two-stage RDF pyrolysis with a catalyst based on char from RDF pyrolysis is proposed. This paper presents the results of municipal waste pyrolysis beginning in an oven heated to 480 °C and ending with catalytic tar cracking carried out in the temperature range from 800 to 1000 °C. Thermal and catalytic pyrolysis with a char catalyst containing a minimum of 6% Fe resulted in increases in the CO and H2 contents in gas products and decreases in CO2 and CH4. At 1000 °C, the mass ratio of gaseous products to liquids was greater than 6. The residence time of the gases in the catalytic zone was about 3–5 s. The reactor was a good source of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

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Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Materials Science

10.1093/oso/9780198528036.001.0001 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Boris S. Bokstein ◽

Mikhail I. Mendelev ◽

David J. Srolovitz

Keyword(s):

Materials Science ◽

Irreversible Thermodynamics ◽

First Year ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽

Reaction Thermodynamics ◽

Background Material ◽

Computer Based ◽

Upper Level ◽

University Course

This text presents a concise and thorough introduction to the main concepts and practical applications of thermodynamics and kinetics in materials science. It is designed with two types of uses in mind: firstly for one or two semester university course for mid- to - upper level undergraduate or first year graduate students in a materials-science-oriented discipline and secondly for individuals who want to study the materials on their own. The following major topics are discussed: basic laws of classical and irreversible thermodynamics, phase equilibria, theory of solutions, chemical reaction thermodynamics and kinetics, surface phenomena, stressed systems, diffusion and statistical thermodynamics. A large number of example problems with detailed solutions are included as well as accompanying computer-based self-tests, consisting of over 400 questions and 2000 answers with hints for students. Computer-based laboratories are provided, in which a laboratory problem is posed and the experiment described. The student can "perform" the experiments and change the laboratory conditions to obtain the data required for meeting the laboratory objective. Each "laboratory" is augmented with background material to aid analysis of the experimental results.

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The role of hydrogen partial pressure in the gas phase hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene over alumina supported Au and Pd: A consideration of reaction thermodynamics and kinetics

Chemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.cej.2012.08.061 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 210 ◽

pp. 103-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Xiaodong Wang ◽

Noémie Perret ◽

Mark A. Keane

Keyword(s):

Partial Pressure ◽

Gas Phase ◽

Hydrogen Partial Pressure ◽

Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽

Reaction Thermodynamics

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Irradiation behavior of pyrolytic silicon carbide

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100074288 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 72-73

Author(s):

R. J. Lauf

Keyword(s):

Silicon Carbide ◽

Fission Products ◽

Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽

Neutron Fluences ◽

Fuel Particles ◽

Sic Coatings ◽

Irradiation Behavior ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Htgr Fuel

Fuel particles for the High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) contain a layer of pyrolytic silicon carbide to act as a miniature pressure vessel and primary fission product barrier. Optimization of the SiC with respect to fuel performance involves four areas of study: (a) characterization of as-deposited SiC coatings; (b) thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions between SiC and fission products; (c) irradiation behavior of SiC in the absence of fission products; and (d) combined effects of irradiation and fission products. This paper reports the behavior of SiC deposited on inert microspheres and irradiated to fast neutron fluences typical of HTGR fuel at end-of-life.

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