scholarly journals The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with cognitive training on EEG spectral power in adolescent boys with ADHD: A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Westwood ◽  
Natali Bozhilova ◽  
Marion Criaud ◽  
Sheut-Ling Lam ◽  
Steve Lukito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Eeg Spectral Power

scholarly journals Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with cognitive training in adolescent boys with ADHD: a double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Westwood ◽  
Marion Criaud ◽  
Sheut-Ling Lam ◽  
Steve Lukito ◽  
Sophie Wallace-Hanlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation

Abstract Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could be a side-effect-free alternative to psychostimulants in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although there is limited evidence for clinical and cognitive effects, most studies were small, single-session and stimulated left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). No sham-controlled study has stimulated the right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC), which is the most consistently under-functioning region in ADHD, with multiple anodal-tDCS sessions combined with cognitive training (CT) to enhance effects. Thus, we investigated the clinical and cognitive effects of multi-session anodal-tDCS over rIFC combined with CT in double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial (RCT, ISRCTN48265228). Methods Fifty boys with ADHD (10–18 years) received 15 weekday sessions of anodal- or sham-tDCS over rIFC combined with CT (20 min, 1 mA). ANCOVA, adjusting for baseline measures, age and medication status, tested group differences in clinical and ADHD-relevant executive functions at posttreatment and after 6 months. Results ADHD-Rating Scale, Conners ADHD Index and adverse effects were significantly lower at post-treatment after sham relative to anodal tDCS. No other effects were significant. Conclusions This rigorous and largest RCT of tDCS in adolescent boys with ADHD found no evidence of improved ADHD symptoms or cognitive performance following multi-session anodal tDCS over rIFC combined with CT. These findings extend limited meta-analytic evidence of cognitive and clinical effects in ADHD after 1–5 tDCS sessions over mainly left dlPFC. Given that tDCS is commercially and clinically available, the findings are important as they suggest that rIFC stimulation may not be indicated as a neurotherapy for cognitive or clinical remediation for ADHD.

scholarly journals Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with cognitive training in adolescent boys with ADHD: a double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Westwood ◽  
Marion Criaud ◽  
Sheut-Ling Lam ◽  
Steve Lukito ◽  
Sophie Wallace-Hanlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation

ABSTRACTBackgroundTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could be a side-effect free alternative to psychostimulants in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although there is limited evidence for clinical and cognitive effects, most studies were small, single-session, and stimulated left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). No sham-controlled study has stimulated right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC), which is the most consistently under-functioning region in ADHD, with multiple sessions of anodal tDCS combined with cognitive training (CT) to enhance effects.Objective/HypothesisTo investigate clinical and cognitive effects of multi-session anodal tDCS over rIFC combined with CT in a double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial (RCT).Methods50 boys with ADHD (10-18 years) received 15 weekday sessions of anodal or sham tDCS over rIFC combined with CT (20mins, 1mA). ANCOVA, adjusting for baseline measures, age, and medication status, tested group differences in clinical and ADHD-relevant executive functions at posttreatment and after 6-months.ResultsADHD-Rating Scale, Conners ADHD Index, and adverse effects were significantly lower at post-treatment after sham relative to real tDCS. No other effects were significant.ConclusionsThis rigorous multi-session RCT of tDCS over the rIFC in ADHD combined with CT, showed no evidence of improvement of ADHD symptoms or cognitive performance. Findings extend limited meta-analytic evidence of cognitive and clinical effects in ADHD after 1-5 tDCS sessions over mainly left dlPFC. Given that tDCS is commercially and clinically available, the findings are important as they suggest that rIFC stimulation may not be indicated as a neurotherapy for cognitive or clinical remediation for ADHDHighlightstDCS has been suggested as an alternative treatment for ADHDWe combined 15-session anodal tDCS over the rIFC with cognitive training in ADHD childrenReal versus sham tDCS showed no cognitive or symptom improvementsConversely, real tDCS showed lower ADHD symptoms and higher adverse effectsMulti-session tDCS of rIFC shows no clinical or cognitive benefits in ADHD

scholarly journals Transcranial direct current stimulation in management of pain, mood, functionality, and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a study protocol for a double-blind controlled randomized trial

Trials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Quintiliano ◽  
Tayanne Oehmen ◽  
Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn ◽  
Rodrigo Pegado
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Continuous Current

Abstract Background Persistent pain can lead to incapacitation requiring long-term pharmacological treatment. Up to 82% of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have chronic pain and most do not respond to usual medication. Advances in non-pharmacological treatments are necessary to promote pain relief without side effects and to restore functionality. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) promises to be a novel, cost-efficient, non-pharmacological treatment for CKD patients with chronic pain. In this study, we hypothesize that tDCS could improve pain, depression, functionality, and quality of life in patients with CKD undergoing HD. Methods/design We describe a single-center, parallel-design, double blind randomized, sham-controlled trial. Forty-five subjects with CKD undergoing HD will be randomized to a motor cortex (M1), a dorso lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), or a sham group. A total of ten sessions will be administered to participants over 4 weeks using a monophasic continuous current with an intensity of 2 mA for 20 min. Participants will be evaluated at baseline, immediately after the tenth session, and at 1 week and 4 weeks of follow-up after the intervention. Pain, depression, functionality, and quality of life will be evaluated. Discussion The results from this study will provide initial clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of tDCS in patients with CKD undergoing HD. Trial registration Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry/Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ensaiosclinicos.gov.br), 1111–1216-0137. Registered on 20 June 2018.

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