Biobased rigid polyurethane foam using gradient acid precipitated lignin from the black liquor: Revealing the relationship between lignin structural features and polyurethane performances

2022 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 114480
Author(s):  
Hui Cao ◽  
Ruilin Liu ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Yilu Wu ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
The Relationship

Performance Studies of Lightweight Concrete Mixtures Made with Rigid Polyurethane Foam Wastes

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 4007-4010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Wang ◽  
Ye Qiu Liu ◽  
Ying Cui
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
State Standards ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Concrete Shrinkage ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Absolute Density ◽  
The Relationship

This paper describes the results of some studies on the properties of lightweight expanded concrete mixtures made with rigid polyurethane foam waste. Experimental study on the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam waste mixed with concrete shrinkage performance and the relationship between packing density and absolute density. The results showed that: Polyurethane foam plastic waste can be used in the preparation of lightweight concrete, the strength with the state standards, and packing density and concrete absolute density with reference line between sex. Drying shrinkage comply with Selih and Bremner lightweight concrete water content to evolution.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

scholarly journals Mental imagery: pulling the plug on perceptualism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Cavedon-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
Perceptual State ◽  
Perceptual Disorders ◽  
Whole Class ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWhat is the relationship between perception and mental imagery? I aim to eliminate an answer that I call perceptualism about mental imagery. Strong perceptualism, defended by Bence Nanay, predictive processing theorists, and several others, claims that imagery is a kind of perceptual state. Weak perceptualism, defended by M. G. F. Martin and Matthew Soteriou, claims that mental imagery is a representation of a perceptual state, a view sometimes called The Dependency Thesis. Strong perceptualism is to be rejected since it misclassifies imagery disorders and abnormalities as perceptual disorders and abnormalities. Weak Perceptualism is to be rejected since it gets wrong the aim and accuracy conditions of a whole class of mental imagery–projected mental imagery–and relies on an impoverished concept of perceptual states, ignoring certain of their structural features. Whatever the relationship between perception and imagery, the perceptualist has it wrong.

Experimental study of horizontal flame spread over rigid polyurethane foam on a plateau: effects of sample width and ambient pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhou ◽  
H. H. Xiao ◽  
J. H. Sun ◽  
X. N. Zhang ◽  
W. G. Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flame Spread ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Sample Width

Correlating lignin structural features to phase partitioning behavior in a novel aqueous fractionation of softwood Kraft black liquor

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Stoklosa ◽  
Julian Velez ◽  
Shantanu Kelkar ◽  
Christopher M. Saffron ◽  
Mark C. Thies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Liquor ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Phase Partitioning ◽  
Kraft Black Liquor ◽  
Partitioning Behavior
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