Coumarin as a chemical probe to evaluate efficiency of vortex – based hydrodynamic cavitation process

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 106940
Author(s):  
N. Santosh Srinivas ◽  
K. Kishore Ramanan ◽  
John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan ◽  
Noel Jacob Kaleekkal ◽  
Gautham B. Jegadeesan
2020 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
S.T. Aliyev ◽  

The paper explores the aspects negatively affecting the pipeline transportation of heavy oil and reviews the implementation possibility of cavitation processes as an alternative method of solving occurring problems. Based on the laboratory researches of abnormal oil from Azerbaijan fields, the parameters and technical upgrade of heavy oil in the system of hydrodynamic cavitation have been studied. Moreover, as a result of carried out experiments, the operation mechanism of cavitation process during reduction of heavy oil viscosity has been described and the implementation prospect of this technology in commercial scales analyzed as well.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117862211988048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick R Bandala ◽  
Oscar M Rodriguez-Narvaez

Cavitation is considered a high energy demanding process for water treatment. For this study, we used a simple experimental setup to generate cavitation at a low pressure (low energy) and test it for hydroxyl radical production using a well-known chemical probe as a hydroxyl radical scavenger. The conditions for generating the cavitation process (eg, pressure, flow velocity, temperature, and other significant variables) were used to degrade model contaminants, an azo dye and an antibiotic. The amount of hydroxyl radicals generated by the system was estimated using N,N-dimethyl-p-nitrosoaniline (pNDA) as hydroxyl radical scavenger. The capability of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) to degrade contaminants was assessed using Congo red (CR) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) as model contaminants. Different chemical models were analyzed using UV-visible spectrophotometry (for pNDA and CR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (for SMX) after HC treatment under different process conditions (ie, pressure of 13.7 and 10.3 kPa, and flow rates of 0.14 to 3.6 × 10−4 m3/s). No pNDA bleaching was observed for any of the reaction conditions tested after 60 minutes of treatment, which suggests that there was no hydroxyl radical generation during the process. However, 50% degradation of CR and 25% degradation of SMX were observed under the same process conditions, comparable with previously reported results. These results suggest that the process is most likely thermally based rather than radically based, and therefore, it can degrade organic pollutants even if no hydroxyl radicals are produced. Hydrodynamic cavitation, either alone or coupled with other advanced water technologies, has been identified as a promising technology for removing organic contaminants entering the water cycle; however, more research is still needed to determine the specific mechanisms involved in the process and the optimal operation conditions for the system.


Author(s):  
Ramesh Desikan ◽  
Sivakumar Uthandi ◽  
Kiruthika Thangavelu

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