Fluorite type La2Pb2O7 nanoparticles coated onto AgO as enhanced performance cathode active material for alkaline primary cell

2022 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 230887
Author(s):  
Mehdi Rahbar ◽  
Mohsen Behpour
Author(s):  
Jan-Olle Malm ◽  
Jan-Olov Bovin

Understanding of catalytic processes requires detailed knowledge of the catalyst. As heterogeneous catalysis is a surface phenomena the understanding of the atomic surface structure of both the active material and the support material is of utmost importance. This work is a high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) study of different phases found in a used automobile catalytic converter.The high resolution micrographs were obtained with a JEM-4000EX working with a structural resolution better than 0.17 nm and equipped with a Gatan 622 TV-camera with an image intensifier. Some work (e.g. EDS-analysis and diffraction) was done with a JEM-2000FX equipped with a Link AN10000 EDX spectrometer. The catalytic converter in this study has been used under normal driving conditions for several years and has also been poisoned by using leaded fuel. To prepare the sample, parts of the monolith were crushed, dispersed in methanol and a drop of the dispersion was placed on the holey carbon grid.


2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (S 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Funke ◽  
J Hübener ◽  
H Wolburg ◽  
T Schmidt ◽  
H Toresson ◽  
...  

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXV (II) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bourrillon ◽  
R. Got ◽  
R. Marcy

ABSTRACT A new method for preparation of Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin involves successively alcoholic precipitation, kaolin adsorption and chromatography on ion exchangers. A highly active material is obtained which corresponds to 1 mg per litre of urine and has an activity of 1 mouse uterus unit at a dose of 0.003 mg. This gonadotrophin possesses both follicle stimulating and luteinizing activities in hypophysectomized female rats, by histological study. It contains 13 % hexose, 10% hexosamine and 8.5 % sialic acid. A further purification, by zone electrophoresis on starch, gives a final product, biologically active at 0.001 mg, which behaves as an homogenous substance in free electrophoresis with mobility −4.76 × 10−5 at pH 8.6.


2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Trejo-Remigio ◽  
Luis F. Jacinto-Alemán ◽  
Elba R. Leyva-Huerta ◽  
Bogdan R. Navarro-Bustos ◽  
Javier Portilla-Robertson

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakeem K. Henry ◽  
Sang Bok Lee

The PMo<sub>12</sub>-PPy heterogeneous cathode was synthesized electrochemically. In doing so, the PMo<sub>12</sub> redox-active material was impregnated throughout the conductive polymer matrix of the poly(pyrrole) nanowires. All chemicals and reagents used were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) purchased from Whatman served as the porous hard template for nanowire deposition. A thin layer of gold of approximately 200nm was sputtered onto the disordered side of the AAO membrane to serve as the current collector. Copper tape was connected to the sputtered gold for contact and the device was sealed in parafilm with heat with an exposed area of 0.32 cm<sup>2</sup> to serve as the electroactive area for deposition. All electrochemical synthesis and experiments were conducted using a Bio-Logic MPG2 potentiostat. The deposition was carried out using a 3-electrode beaker cell setup with a solution of acetonitrile containing 5mM and 14mM of the phosphomolybdic acid and pyrrole monomer, respectively. The synthesis was achieved using chronoamperometry to apply a constant voltage of 0.8V vs. Ag/AgCl (BASi) to oxidatively polymerize the pyrrole monomer to poly(pyrrole). To prevent the POM from chemically polymerizing the pyrrole, an injection method was used in which the pyrrole monomer was added to the POM solution only after the deposition voltage had already been applied. The deposition was well controlled by limiting the amount of charge transferred to 300mC. Following deposition, the AAO template was removed by soaking in 3M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for 20 minutes and rinsed several times with water. After synthesis, all cathodes underwent electrochemical testing to determine their performance using cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge-discharge cycling in 0.1 M Mg(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>/PC electrolyte. The cathodes were further characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Sánchez-Castellanos ◽  
Martha M. Flores-Leonar ◽  
Zaahel Mata-Pinzón ◽  
Humberto G. Laguna ◽  
Karl García-Ruiz ◽  
...  

Compounds from the 2,2’-bipyridine molecular family were investigated for use as redox-active materials in organic flow batteries. For 156 2,2’-bipyridine derivatives reported in the academic literature, we calculated the redox potential, the pKa for the first protonation reaction, and the solubility in aqueous solutions. Using experimental data on a small subset of derivatives, we were able to calibrate our calculations. We find that functionalization with electron-withdrawing groups leads to an increase of the redox potential and to an increase of the molecular acidity (as expressed in a reduction of the pKa value for the first protonation step). Furthermore, calculations of solubility in water indicate that some of the studied derivatives have adequate solubility for flow battery applications. Based on an analysis of the physico-chemical properties of the 156 studied compounds, we down-select five molecules with carbonyl- and nitro-based functional groups, whose parameters are especially promising for potential application as negative redox-active material inorganic flow batteries.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Sánchez-Castellanos ◽  
Martha M. Flores-Leonar ◽  
Zaahel Mata-Pinzón ◽  
Humberto G. Laguna ◽  
Karl García-Ruiz ◽  
...  

Compounds from the 2,2’-bipyridine molecular family were investigated for use as redox-active materials in organic flow batteries. For 156 2,2’-bipyridine derivatives reported in the academic literature, we calculated the redox potential, the pKa for the first protonation reaction, and the solubility in aqueous solutions. Using experimental data on a small subset of derivatives, we were able to calibrate our calculations. We find that functionalization with electron-withdrawing groups leads to an increase of the redox potential and to an increase of the molecular acidity (as expressed in a reduction of the pKa value for the first protonation step). Furthermore, calculations of solubility in water indicate that some of the studied derivatives have adequate solubility for flow battery applications. Based on an analysis of the physico-chemical properties of the 156 studied compounds, we down-select five molecules with carbonyl- and nitro-based functional groups, whose parameters are especially promising for potential application as negative redox-active material inorganic flow batteries.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Wu ◽  
Juliette Billaud ◽  
Iwan Jerjen ◽  
Federica Marone ◽  
Yuya Ishihara ◽  
...  

<div> <div> <div> <p>All-solid-state batteries are considered as attractive options for next-generation energy storage owing to the favourable properties (unit transference number and thermal stabilities) of solid electrolytes. However, there are also serious concerns about mechanical deformation of solid electrolytes leading to the degradation of the battery performance. Therefore, understanding the mechanism underlying the electro-mechanical properties in SSBs are essentially important. Here, we show three-dimensional and time-resolved measurements of an all-solid-state cell using synchrotron radiation x-ray tomographic microscopy. We could clearly observe the gradient of the electrochemical reaction and the morphological evolution in the composite layer. Volume expansion/compression of the active material (Sn) was strongly oriented along the thickness of the electrode. While this results in significant deformation (cracking) in the solid electrolyte region, we also find organized cracking patterns depending on the particle size and their arrangements. This study based on operando visualization therefore opens the door towards rational design of particles and electrode morphology for all-solid-state batteries. </p> </div> </div> </div>


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