Modelling the spatial impact of regional planning and climate change prevention strategies on land consumption in the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area 2017–2030

AbstractCoastal cities are exposed to high risks due to climate change, as they are potentially affected by both rising sea levels and increasingly intense and frequent coastal storms. Socio-economic drivers also increase exposure to natural hazards, accelerate environmental degradation, and require adaptive governance structures to moderate negative impacts. Here, we use a social network analysis (SNA) combined with further qualitative information to identify barriers and enablers of adaptive governance in the Barcelona metropolitan area. By analyzing how climate change adaptation is mainstreamed between different administrative scales as well as different societal actors, we can determine the governance structures and external conditions that hamper or foster strategical adaptation plans from being used as operational adaptation tools. We identify a diverse set of stakeholders acting at different administrative levels (local to national), in public administration, science, civil society, and the tourism economy. The metropolitan administration acts as an important bridging organization by promoting climate change adaptation to different interest groups and by passing knowledge between actors. Nonetheless, national adaptation planning fails to take into account local experiences in coastal protection, which leads to an ineffective science policy interaction and limits adaptive management and learning opportunities. Overcoming this is difficult, however, as the effectiveness of local adaptation strategies in the Barcelona metropolitan area is very limited due to a strong centralization of power at the national level and a lack of polycentricity. Due to the high touristic pressure, the legal framework is currently oriented to primarily meet the demands of recreational use and tourism, prioritizing these aspects in daily management practice. Therefore, touristic and economic activities need to be aligned to adaptation efforts, to convert them from barriers into drivers for adaptation action. Our work strongly suggests that more effectively embedding adaptation planning and action into existing legal structures of coastal management would allow strategic adaptation plans to be an effective operational tool for local coastal governance.

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Comparative analysis of three NDVI resolutions in different urban typologies. The case of Granollers in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona.

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14785 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alan García-Haro ◽

Josep Roca

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Urban Studies ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Urban Context ◽

Urban Core ◽

First Results ◽

Definition Of

In recent years, the use of remote sensed NDVI has become recurrent in urban studies regarding the adaptation of cities to climate change. However, due to the physical diversity within cities and the different resolution offered by the sensors, the territorial interpretation of what the NDVI values really mean becomes difficult. Where the larger the size of the cells of the image, the greater the number of elements of the built environment within it, and the more complex the interpretation becomes.In this work, the relationship between the NDVI of three sensors with different cell resolution for the same location and date is studied. In particular, the city of Granollers in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona is analyzed. First, the NDVI images were obtained from Landsat-8 with 30m resolution, Sentinel-2 with 10m and from the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food of Catalonia (DARP) with 0.125m resolution. Then, the comparison was performed with a sample of five different typologies of the territory: dense urban core, suburban, industrial, area of highway and rural.As first results, a supervised classification of the DARP image allowed the definition of 0.30 as the precise minimum value of NDVI that indicates the actual presence of vegetation. On the other hand, the comparison indicates that, in the urban context, the larger the cell size, the presence of vegetation quality is overestimated, where the higher percentage of cells is concentrated in higher NDVI values than in those with lower resolution. However, this behavior is not appreciated in rural areas, where higher percentages of cells of different resolutions were concentrated in the same NDVI ranges.In such a way, it is corroborated that it is in the urban context where this indicator has a greater difficulty of territorial interpretation. Statements that are analyzed in greater depth in this study, where its implications in the use of NDVI in urban studies for the adaptation of cities to climate change are discussed.

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Statistical Modelling of Temperature-Attributable Deaths in Portuguese Metropolitan Areas under Climate Change: Who Is at Risk?

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11020159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Mónica Rodrigues ◽

Paula Santana ◽

Alfredo Rocha

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Age Groups ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Statistical Modelling ◽

Attributable Mortality ◽

Historical Period ◽

Age Group ◽

Circulatory System Diseases ◽

Related Mortality

Several studies emphasize that temperature-related mortality can be expected to have differential effects on different subpopulations, particularly in the context of climate change. This study aims to evaluate and quantify the future temperature-attributable mortality due to circulatory system diseases by age groups (under 65 and 65+ years), in Lisbon metropolitan area (LMA) and Porto metropolitan area (PMA), over the 2051–2065 and 2085–2099 time horizons, considering the greenhouse gas emissions scenario RCP8.5, in relation to a historical period (1991–2005). We found a decrease in extreme cold-related deaths of 0.55% and 0.45% in LMA, for 2051–2065 and 2085–2099, respectively. In PMA, there was a decrease in cold-related deaths of 0.31% and 0.49% for 2051–2065 and 2085–2099, respectively, compared to 1991–2005. In LMA, the burden of extreme heat-related mortality in age group 65+ years is slightly higher than in age group <65 years, at 2.22% vs. 1.38%, for 2085–2099. In PMA, only people aged 65+ years showed significant temperature-related burden of deaths that can be attributable to hot temperatures. The heat-related excess deaths increased from 0.23% for 2051–2065 to 1.37% for 2085–2099, compared to the historical period.

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Simulation of Land-Cover Change in Taipei Metropolitan Area under Climate Change Impact

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/18/1/012106 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. 012106 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kuo-Ching Huang ◽

Thomas C C Huang

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Cover ◽

Land Cover Change ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Climate Change Impact ◽

Change Impact

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Adaptability of Regional Planning in Lower Saxony to Climate Change

German Annual of Spatial Research and Policy 2010 - German Annual of Spatial Research and Policy ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-12785-4_12 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 121-125

Author(s):

Enke Franck

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Regional Planning ◽

Lower Saxony

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Comparison of the Impact of Global Climate Changes and Urbanization on Summertime Future Climate in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jamc-d-11-0137.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 1441-1454 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Sachiho A. Adachi ◽

Fujio Kimura ◽

Hiroyuki Kusaka ◽

Tomoshige Inoue ◽

Hiroaki Ueda

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Temperature Increase ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Global Climate ◽

Local Climate ◽

Tokyo Metropolitan Area ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

The Impact

AbstractIn this study, the impact of global climate change and anticipated urbanization over the next 70 years is estimated with regard to the summertime local climate in the Tokyo metropolitan area (TMA), whose population is already near its peak now. First, five climate projections for the 2070s calculated with the aid of general circulation models (GCMs) are used for dynamical downscaling experiments to evaluate the impact of global climate changes using a regional climate model. Second, the sensitivity of future urbanization until the 2070s is examined assuming a simple developing urban scenario for the TMA. These two sensitivity analyses indicate that the increase in the surface air temperature from the 1990s to the 2070s is about 2.0°C as a result of global climate changes under the A1B scenario in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) and about 0.5°C as a result of urbanization. Considering the current urban heat island intensity (UHII) of 1.0°C, the possible UHII in the future reaches an average of 1.5°C in the TMA. This means that the mitigation of the UHII should be one of the ways to adapt to a local temperature increase caused by changes in the future global climate. In addition, the estimation of temperature increase due to global climate change has an uncertainty of about 2.0°C depending on the GCM projection, suggesting that the local climate should be projected on the basis of multiple GCM projections.

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Weathering The Storm: Developing a Climate Change Adaptation Policy for the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority

New Voices In Public Policy ◽

10.13021/g8ds3d ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kristin Leighty ◽

Ellen Simon ◽

Kyung-Ok Yi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Severe Weather ◽

Adaptation Policy ◽

Transportation Services ◽

Weather Damage ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation Policy

For many Americans the impacts of climate change are either hypothetical futures or far-off problems. However, climate change is already impacting millions of Americans as they commute to work each day. In the Nation’s capital the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority has already suffered as heat waves and severe weather damage equipment and reduce service. The transportation authority must take a comprehensive look at its infrastructure and adapt policies to mitigate the current and future risks to transportation services.

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