scholarly journals Opening the black box of conservation philanthropy: A co-produced research agenda on private foundations in marine conservation

Marine Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 104645
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Gruby ◽  
Ashley Enrici ◽  
Michele Betsill ◽  
Elodie Le Cornu ◽  
Xavier Basurto
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Private Foundations

Ringtone

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Doz ◽  
Keeley Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
The World ◽  
Things Fall Apart ◽  
The Doors

In less than three decades, Nokia emerged from Finland to lead the mobile phone revolution. It grew to have one of the most recognizable and valuable brands in the world and then fell into decline, leading to the sale of its mobile phone business to Microsoft. This book explores and analyzes that journey and distills observations and lessons for anyone keen to understand what drove Nokia’s amazing success and sudden downfall. It is tempting to lay the blame for Nokia’s demise at the doors of Apple, Google, and Samsung, but this would be to ignore one very important fact: Nokia had begun to collapse from within well before any of these companies entered the mobile communications market, and this makes Nokia’s story all the more interesting. Observing from the position of privileged outsiders (with access to Nokia’s senior managers over the last twenty years and a more recent, concerted research agenda), this book describes and analyzes the various stages in Nokia’s journey. This is an inside story: one of leaders making strategic and organizational decisions, of their behavior and interactions, and of how they succeeded and failed to inspire and engage their employees. Perhaps most intriguingly, it is a story that opens the proverbial “black box” of why and how things actually happen at the top of organizations. Why did things fall apart? To what extent were avoidable mistakes made? Did the world around Nokia change too fast for it to adapt? Did Nokia’s success contain the seeds of its failure?

The brain is not an isolated “black box,” nor is its goal to become one

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Froese ◽  
Takashi Ikegami
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Science Of Mind ◽  
The Brain

AbstractIn important ways, Clark's “hierarchical prediction machine” (HPM) approach parallels the research agenda we have been pursuing. Nevertheless, we remain unconvinced that the HPM offers the best clue yet to the shape of a unified science of mind and action. The apparent convergence of research interests is offset by a profound divergence of theoretical starting points and ideal goals.

scholarly journals Unboxing Buildings: Engaging with Occupants during Design, Testing and Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3201
Author(s):  
Ruth Woods ◽  
Judith Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
Building Research ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Technical Solutions

Current prioritization within EU funding sees technical requirements for sustainable buildings moving technologies closer to people’s everyday lives, thereby increasing the need for interdisciplinary research, and placing occupant engagement high on the research agenda. This is not always reflected in building research. Results are often black boxed, and occupants are offered few opportunities for participation in design and development processes. The paper considers the unintended consequences of black boxing buildings. A black box is a complex system or object which is viewed in terms of its inputs and outputs, but where knowledge of the internal workings is not required. Using an experienced-based analysis from a social science perspective, we go back and consider the controversies around black boxing the processes and results in three Norwegian building research projects. In the conclusion, we propose that some research projects should remain unboxed, making complexity visible and allowing more focus on the challenges faced by occupants. Not taking time to ask and to learn from those who will use new technical solutions hinders the design process and limits a building’s chances of achieving its sustainable potential. Designing successful building solutions requires collaboration between disciplines and occupants, encouraging an alliance between people, technology, and buildings.

Executive Judgment and the E-Business Advantage

2011 ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Valerie Baker ◽  
Tim Coltman ◽  
Joan Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Strategic Choice ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Corporate Executives ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Strategic Outcomes ◽  
Business Technology ◽  
Possible Cause

Although several leading corporations have reported sizeable gains from their decisions to invest in the Internet and related e-business technology, many other similarly situated firms have failed to realize any real advantage. This inconsistency has long been a source of frustration for corporate executives, as benefits appear to exist, but the best way to get there, remains unknown. One possible cause for this inconsistency is that scholars have largely ignored the messy process of strategic judgment and instead chosen to presume that strategic outcomes are due to strategic choice. We argue that this omission is problematic and set out a research agenda that offers two main benefits. Firstly, we begin to open up the ‘black box’ of strategic choice by deliberately measuring the impact of strategic judgment. Secondly, we outline a methodological approach that is capable of more accurately measuring the impact of mediating factors like strategic judgment.

scholarly journals Why people matter in ocean governance: Incorporating human dimensions into large-scale marine protected areas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Christie ◽  
Nathan Bennett ◽  
Noella J. Gray ◽  
T. ‘Aulani Wilhelm ◽  
Nai‘a Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Best Management

Large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs) are rapidly increasing. Due to their sheer size, complex sociopolitical realities, and distinct local cultural perspectives and economic needs, implementing and managing LSMPAs successfully creates a number of human dimensions challenges. It is timely and important to explore the human dimensions of LSMPAs. This paper draws on the results of a global “Think Tank on the Human Dimensions of Large Scale Marine Protected Areas” involving 125 people from 17 countries, including representatives from government agencies, non-governmental organizations, academia, professionals, industry, cultural/indigenous leaders and LSMPA site managers. The overarching goal of this effort was to be proactive in understanding the issues and developing best management practices and a research agenda that address the human dimensions of LSMPAs. Identified best management practices for the human dimensions of LSMPAs included: integration of culture and traditions, effective public and stakeholder engagement, maintenance of livelihoods and wellbeing, promotion of economic sustainability, conflict management and resolution, transparency and matching institutions, legitimate and appropriate governance, and social justice and empowerment. A shared human dimensions research agenda was developed that included priority topics under the themes of scoping human dimensions, governance, politics, social and economic outcomes, and culture and tradition. The authors discuss future directions in researching and incorporating human dimensions into LSMPAs design and management, reflect on this global effort to co-produce knowledge and re-orient practice on the human dimensions of LSMPAs, and invite others to join a nascent community of practice on the human dimensions of large-scale marine conservation.

scholarly journals Look Who’s Asking—Reflections on Participatory and Transdisciplinary Marine Research Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Breckwoldt ◽  
Priscila F. M. Lopes ◽  
Samiya A. Selim
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Level Playing Field ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Research Outcome

Marine conservation transdisciplinary researchers often get to the field with a previously designed question, often formulated outside the actual geographical, social, cultural and ecological setting in which the research projects are supposed to be anchored. Involving people on the ground in the initial phase of formulating the questions and setting the research agenda is still uncommon. Once in the field, transdisciplinary researchers may or may not have the support of local communities to sample their data, although they will regularly need to count on these same communities if a collaborative regime is to be pursued and informed by the research outcome. This paper discusses measures that can be taken by marine fisheries and marine conservation researchers to improve participation in, and ownership of, the research by local counterparts, most importantly members of the communities where research is being conducted. The data was generated with a purposively sampled survey of 18 members of our research networks. Key proposed measures derived from this data include: (1) build rapport; (2) engage and exchange; (3) be accommodating and attentive; and (4) be respectful. Knowing who is asking the questions and assuring that all stakeholders have a voice in this process becomes especially relevant under extreme circumstances (e.g., disasters, pandemics), when problems are numerous but can only be accessed by those on the ground. We advise for faster progress in transforming academic and funding environments for true “level-playing-field” transdisciplinary and co-designed research projects that can help change top-down research tendencies.

scholarly journals Ideology and non-state climate action: partnering and design of REDD+ projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Project Design ◽  
Climate Politics ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Institutional Architecture

AbstractScholars and policymakers working on non-state climate action have tended to focus on functional considerations, largely neglecting questions of ideology. This article brings them into the spotlight by investigating how ideology affects climate action initiatives. Based on a new database of 389 projects associated with reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, the article examines how ideology affects project design and partnering. A quantitative analysis and four case studies of projects in Colombia and Peru show how environmental ideology shapes the preferences of project developers for project designs and partners. Two mechanisms that underlie this are also derived. The findings show how a focus on ideology can help open the black box of climate action initiatives and explain their substantive variation. They also offer insights into the ideological implications of the transnationalization of climate governance. Non-state climate action at once entrenches the neoliberal ideological status quo of climate politics and offers critical ideologies a foothold. This poses risks for the future effectiveness and legitimacy of non-state climate action and should be considered in the design of the emerging institutional architecture that supports it. This article also sets a platform for and outlines the contours of a future research agenda on ideology in climate action.

From meditation to action – a research agenda for studying informal global rule-making: remarks on ‘Cosmopolitanism, publicity, and the emergence of a “global administrative law”’

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Oliver Westerwinter
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Institutional Architecture ◽  
Global Law ◽  
Rule Making ◽  
Law Making

Abstract Friedrich Kratochwil engages critically with the emergence of a global administrative law and its consequences for the democratic legitimacy of global governance. While he makes important contributions to our understanding of global governance, he does not sufficiently discuss the differences in the institutional design of new forms of global law-making and their consequences for the effectiveness and legitimacy of global governance. I elaborate on these limitations and outline a comparative research agenda on the emergence, design, and effectiveness of the diverse arrangements that constitute the complex institutional architecture of contemporary global governance.

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