The predominance of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli in the Southeast Coast of India

Shiga toxigenic E. coli (STEC) are an important cause of foodborne disease globally with many outbreaks linked to the consumption of contaminated foods such as leafy greens. Existing methods for STEC detection and isolation are time-consuming. Rapid methods may assist in preventing contaminated products from reaching consumers. This proof-of-concept study aimed to determine if a metabolomics approach could be used to detect STEC contamination in spinach. Using untargeted metabolic profiling, the bacterial pellets and supernatants arising from bacterial and inoculated spinach enrichments were investigated for the presence of unique metabolites that enabled categorization of three E. coli risk groups. A total of 109 and 471 metabolite features were identified in bacterial and inoculated spinach enrichments, respectively. Supervised OPLS-DA analysis demonstrated clear discrimination between bacterial enrichments containing different risk groups. Further analysis of the spinach enrichments determined that pathogen risk groups 1 and 2 could be easily discriminated from the other groups, though some clustering of risk groups 1 and 2 was observed, likely representing their genomic similarity. Biomarker discovery identified metabolites that were significantly associated with risk groups and may be appropriate targets for potential biosensor development. This study has confirmed that metabolomics can be used to identify the presence of pathogenic E. coli likely to be implicated in human disease.

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Shoreline changes over last five decades and predictions for 2030 and 2040: a case study from Cuddalore, southeast coast of India

Earth Science Informatics ◽

10.1007/s12145-021-00668-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Logesh Natarajan ◽

Nagulan Sivagnanam ◽

Tune Usha ◽

Lakshumanan Chokkalingam ◽

Sajimol Sundar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southeast Coast Of India ◽

Shoreline Changes ◽

Southeast Coast

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W1780 Ciprofloxacin in Rabbits Infected with a Shiga-Toxin (Stx)-Producing E. coli (Stec) Srain Leads to Worse Clinical Outcome and Increased Toxin Release

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(08)63334-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 134 (4) ◽

pp. A-714

Author(s):

Antonio Serna ◽

Chengru Zhu ◽

Amelia J. Nugent ◽

Erin K. Okeefe ◽

Edgar Boedeker

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcome ◽

Shiga Toxin ◽

E Coli

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Hemoconcentration and predictors in Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS)

Pediatric Nephrology ◽

10.1007/s00467-021-05108-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Loos ◽

Jun Oh ◽

Laura van de Loo ◽

Markus J. Kemper ◽

Martin Blohm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽

Shiga Toxin ◽

Neurological Symptoms ◽

Fluid Loss ◽

Good Prediction ◽

E Coli ◽

Complicated Course ◽

Uremic Syndrome

Abstract Background Hemoconcentration has been identified as a risk factor for a complicated course in Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS). This single-center study assesses hemoconcentration and predictors at presentation in STEC-HUS treated from 2009–2017. Methods Data of 107 pediatric patients with STEC-HUS were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with mild HUS (mHUS, definition: max. serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL and no major neurological symptoms) were compared to patients with severe HUS (sHUS, definition: max. serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dL ± major neurological symptoms). Additionally, predictors of complicated HUS (dialysis ± major neurological symptoms) were analyzed. Results Sixteen of one hundred seven (15%) patients had mHUS. Admission of patients with sHUS occurred median 2 days earlier after the onset of symptoms than in patients with mHUS. On admission, patients with subsequent sHUS had significantly higher median hemoglobin (9.5 g/dL (3.6–15.7) vs. 8.5 g/dL (4.2–11.5), p = 0.016) than patients with mHUS. The product of hemoglobin (g/dL) and LDH (U/L) (cutoff value 13,302, sensitivity 78.0%, specificity of 87.5%) was a predictor of severe vs. mild HUS. Creatinine (AUC 0.86, 95% CI 0.79–0.93) and the previously published score hemoglobin (g/dL) + 2 × creatinine (mg/dL) showed a good prediction for development of complicated HUS (AUC 0.87, 95% CI 0.80–0.93). Conclusions At presentation, patients with subsequent severe STEC-HUS had a higher degree of hemoconcentration. This underlines that fluid loss or reduced fluid intake/administration may be a risk factor for severe HUS. The good predictive value of the score hemoglobin (g/dL) + 2 × creatinine (mg/dL) for complicated HUS could be validated in our cohort. Graphical abstract

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