scholarly journals Body composition and composition of gain of growing beef bulls fed rations with varying energy concentrations

Meat Science ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 108685
Author(s):  
Aniela C. Honig ◽  
Vivienne Inhuber ◽  
Hubert Spiekers ◽  
Wilhelm Windisch ◽  
Kay-Uwe Götz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Beef Bulls

Genetic parameters and breed differences for feed efficiency, growth, and body composition traits of young beef bulls

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Schenkel ◽  
S. P. Miller ◽  
J. W. Wilton
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beef Bulls

Genetic associations between feed efficiency, growth, and live ultrasound measured body composition traits were studied in purebred beef bulls of six breeds in Ontario bull test stations from 1991 to 2000. Feed traits included average daily feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and residual feed intake [feed intake adjusted for production alone (RFIp) or production and backfat thickness (RFIb)]. Growth traits were average daily weight gain (ADG), mid-test metabolic weight (MW), hip height (HH), and scrotal circumference (SC). Body composition traits included ultrasound backfat thickness (BF), longissimus muscle area (LMA), and predicted percentage of intramuscular fat (IFAT). Bulls were measured every 28 d for weight and individual feed intake, and at the end of test for ultrasound body composition traits. Number of records per trait ranged from 2284 (FI) to 13 319 (ADG). Fixed effects of test group, breed and end of test age (within breed), and random effects of animal and herd of origin were modeled using REML bivariate analyses for all traits. Heritability estimates were moderate for all traits (0.30 to 0.55), except for IFAT (0.14). The genetic correlation between RFIp and RFIb was high (0.99) within breeds, but breeds ranked differently with respect to RFIp and RFIb. Genetic correlations of RFIb with ADG and backfat thickness were essentially zero, which indicate that selection on residual feed intake could be implemented to reduce feed intake and improve feed conversion without compromising growth or changing levels of subcutaneous fat. Key words: Central test, genetic correlation, heritability, residual feed intake

scholarly journals 148 Effects of managing mature beef bulls on divergent planes of nutrition on body composition and concentrations of hormones and metabolites

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 117-118
Author(s):  
Carl R Dahlen ◽  
Sarah R Underdahl ◽  
Matthew S Crouse ◽  
Kacie L McCarthy ◽  
Cierrah J Kassetas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Beef Bulls

Abstract Fifteen mature beef bulls (BW = 800.4 ± 17.4 kg) were used in a 112-d experiment to evaluate effects of divergent planes of nutrition on body composition and concentrations of hormones and metabolites. Bulls were ranked by BW and randomly assigned to one of two treatments; 1) managed on a positive plane of nutrition (POS, n = 8), or 2) managed on a negative plane of nutrition (NEG, n = 7). Bulls were fed a common diet with deliveries into Insentec feeders adjusted biweekly to achieve targeted weight loss or gain (~12.5% of original BW). Blood samples were collected on d 0, 56, and 112. By design, bull BW was influenced by a treatment × day interaction (P < 0.0001), and POS bulls gained 1.27 ± 0.08 kg/d while NEG lost 0.93 ± 0.08 kg/d. Body condition score and scrotal circumference were similarly impacted by treatment × day interactions (P < 0.0001), both starting similar among treatments, then greater for POS than NEG thereafter. To achieve targeted weight divergence POS bulls (13.8 ± 0.45 kg/d) ate more (P < 0.0001) than NEG (5.1 ± 0.45 kg/d). Body composition was impacted (P ≤ 0.02), with rump fat, rib fat, loin muscle area, and intramuscular fat each increasing in POS and decreasing in NEG. Concentrations of NEFA in serum were greater in NEG bulls at d 56 and 112 compared with POS (treatment × day; P < 0.0001), concentrations of glucose (treatment × day; P = 0.02) were greater for POS bulls, and concentrations of urea were not impacted (P = 0.60). Additionally, concentrations of T3 and T4 on d 112 were greater (P ≤ 0.004) for POS. Our model resulted in altered body composition and profiles of hormones and metabolites which could influence semen on functional, morphological, and molecular levels.

Physical activity and body composition of adolescent boys

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 197 (11) ◽  
pp. 891-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adolescent Boys

The effect of liver cirrhosis on body composition in a Brazilian sample

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A262-A262
Author(s):  
F FIGUEIREDO ◽  
M KONDO ◽  
M CHARLTON
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Brazilian Sample

514 Prognostic significance of bioelectrical evaluation of body composition in chronic heart failure

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
F MASSARI ◽  
P GUIDA ◽  
F MASTROPASQUA ◽  
M IACOVIELLO ◽  
B RIZZON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Significance

The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shakibay Novin ◽  
Saeed Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), with vitamin B6 have been reported to improve fat metabolism and muscle synthesis. We hypothesized that supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 would result in more weight loss and improve body composition and blood markers related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the mentioned supplementation would affect weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors during weight loss intervention. To this end, we performed a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 42 overweight and obese women (BMI = 25–34.9 kg/m2). Taking a four-week moderate deficit calorie diet (–500 kcal/day), participants were randomized to receive BCAA (6 g/day) with vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) or placebo. Body composition variables measured with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, homeostatic model assessment, and plasma insulin, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The result indicated that, weight loss was not significantly affected by BCAA and vitamin B6 supplementation (–2.43 ± 1.02 kg) or placebo (–1.64 ± 1.48 kg). However, significant time × treatment interactions in waist to hip ratio (P = 0.005), left leg lean (P = 0.004) and right leg lean (P = 0.023) were observed. Overall, supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 could preserve legs lean and also attenuated waist to hip ratio.

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