Measuring subcutaneous fat thickness using skinfold calipers vs. high-resolution B-scan ultrasonography in healthy volunteers: A pilot study

Eight minimally dressed pre- and early pubescent boys (age 11–12 yr) and 11 young adult men (age 19–34 yr) rested for 20 min and exercised on a cycle ergometer for 40 min at approximately 30% of their maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) at 5 degrees C. To quantify the added increase in metabolic rate because of cold, a separate test was carried out at 21 degrees C at rest and at equal work rates as in the cold. Both groups were similar in subcutaneous fat thickness and VO2max per kilogram body weight. Rectal temperature increased slightly during the exposure to the cold, but no significant difference was observed between the boys and men. In the cold, the boys had lower skin temperatures than the adults in their extremities but not in the trunk. The boys increased their metabolic rates in the cold more than did the men. As a result, the boys maintained their core temperature as effectively as the adults. Similar age-related differences in thermoregulatory responses to cold were observed when two boys and two men with equal body sizes were compared. Our results suggest that there may be maturation-related differences in thermoregulation in the cold between children and adults.

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Growth performance and carcass traits of young nellore bulls supplemented with or without addition of lipids

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n2a2020-42273 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Clóvis Carlos Silveira Filho ◽

Carlos Augusto de Alencar Fontes ◽

Elizabeth Fonsêca Processi ◽

Laila Cecília Ramos Bendia ◽

Paulo Roberto Silveira Pimentel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Reference Group ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Concentrate Supplementation ◽

Average Intake ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽

Fat Thickness

The aim of research was to evaluate the performance and characteristics of the carcasses of Nellore young bulls in grazing supplemented with or without addition of lipids. Twenty–eight young bulls, 301 ± 5.8 kg in body weight, which four constituted the reference group and the twenty-four remnants were used in the experiment and randomly distributed into four groups according to treatment: only Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa grass; Mombasa grass with concentrated supplementation based on soybean meal; Mombasa grass with concentrate containing lipids from soybean oil; and Mombasa grass with concentrate containing lipids derived from soybean grains. The total dry matter intake of the animals fed only Mombasa grass did not differ from the average intake of the three treatments supplemented with concentrate. There were no differences (P>0.05) between Mombasa grass and diets with concentrate, supplementation with or without lipid and lipids sources in the carcass traits, gastrointestinal tract, organs and loin eye area. Nellore bulls receiving concentrate increased subcutaneous fat thickness compared with bulls that received only Mombasa grass. Nellore young bulls fed Mombasa grass only, supplemented with or without addition of lipids were similar regarding growth performance and carcass traits.

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