scholarly journals Historical evolution of the social perception on ecosystem services provided by seagrasses through analysis of the written press in North West Spain (1860–2020)

2022 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 105983
Author(s):  
Emilio Fernández ◽  
Carlota Barañano ◽  
Sebastián Villasante ◽  
Gonzalo Méndez
AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna HOURANI ◽  
Emil GALEV ◽  
Marlene CHAHINE

The adopted theme in this study is the re-conquest of the Fouar Antelias riverscape, the river with gushing water. After exploiting its resources in an irreversibleway, today humans are facing a stage of reconciliation with the river. The materialsand methods used to understand the site Fouar Antelias were firstly a speleologicalanalysis of its springs. Then, the numeric study of the historical evolution of thebank interventions and elements using arcGIS showed the landscape lost spirit ofplace. Taking pictures from the same place during a year, after monthly visits,revealed the river scape dynamic temporalities. And the Cultural Value Methodand Knowledge Attitude Practice method determined the social perception of theriver. For the results, the suggested project on the river borders was based on thegushing water, its unique element. The adopted concept was provoking theDecompressions vs. Compressions explained in the speleological analysis.Deconstruction by means of Land as Art, referring to the breaking of the earth bythe water Decompressions and Compressions, is the project architecturalmovement. The obtained plan is divided into four thematic zones from downstreamtill upstream. The sloped passages, the furniture emerging from the ground, thechoice of plantations falling and rising and the presence of water strengthened thechosen concept. Zones of meetings, kiosks, playing area and finally a festivity zonewill lead to the purpose of our linear promenade: the gushing water. Details,sections, perspectives and sketches specific to each zone supported theschematization of the concept.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa María Dextre ◽  
María Luisa Eschenhagen ◽  
Mirtha Camacho ◽  
Sally Rangecroft ◽  
Laurence Couldrick ◽  
...  

<p>Increasing pressures on ecosystems in the Latin American region as well as the adoption of multilateral conservation commitments have led to the implementation of instruments that are economic in nature but oriented towards the recovery, conservation, and functioning of ecosystems. The increasing adoption of schemes such as payment for ecosystem services (PES) has emerged as multilateral strategies to address water security problems in the mountain regions of Perú. However, their design and implementation can face many barriers when the policy is translated into practice in a local context. Socio-economic processes and hydro-climatic factors are affecting the capacity of the ecosystems of the glaciated Cordillera Blanca (Peruvian Andes) to provide water services, in terms of both, quality and quantity, to the main users of the Santa River basin. This study thus aims to analyze how the hydro-social relations affect, and are affected by, the introduction of water-related PES in the Quillcay sub-basin, one of the most populated sub-basin along the Santa River basin. The water metabolism approach was used to characterize water as a service produced by ecological systems (water as an ecological fund) and co-produced by social systems (water as a social flow). For this purpose, a classification of the different social and ecological uses and meanings of water was used, as well as the role of the different actors involved. </p><p>Based on the combination of primary data, both from an urban citizens survey (Huaraz) and semi-structured interviews with different actors, and from secondary sources, we present evidence that the metabolic pattern of water in the upper Santa basin is impacted not only by the glacial meltwater and rainwater regime but also by political, economic and cultural power relations over water. Thus, the implementation of a PES policy in the upper Santa basin affects and is affected by, ecological and social dimensions of water. In the ecological dimension, glacial retreat makes the design of a water-related PES more complex. In the social dimension, some socio-political processes, such as the lack of experience and the limited technical and financial capacity of public water management institutions to carry out these processes, as well as the lack of political will of regional and local authorities to promote them, are affecting the way these PES schemes are implemented. Along with these institutional bottlenecks, local socio-cultural processes related to a lack of interest in participating and demanding to participate in these decision-making processes could result in the design of a mechanism in which not all stakeholders benefit equally. This raises the need to recognize the multi-dimensional nature of water in the design and implementation of policies, and the importance of identifying processes and barriers which affect the success of these policies.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
D. S. Gorbatov ◽  
◽  
P. Yu. Gurushkin ◽  

The purpose of the empirical research described in the article was to study the range of judgments that characterize the social perception of the student youth of Internet news memes with political overtones. The research method was a focus group interview using the Microsoft Teams platform. The four groups included 28 undergraduate students of higher educational institutions of St. Petersburg. The results of the study characterize the attitude of students to attempts to impose political overtones on Internet news memes, reflect their opinions about the mistakes made by the authors, contain arguments about the reasons for the anonymity of the authors of memes, describe the range of views on the problem of the responsibility of the authors of memes for violations of laws. In addition, students ' perceptions about changes in Internet memes, in particular, news memes, in the future were revealed.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 888-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Toma ◽  
Vincent Yzerbyt ◽  
Olivier Corneille ◽  
Stéphanie Demoulin

Past social projection research has mainly focused on target characteristics as a moderator of projective effects. The current research considers the power of the perceiver and how it affects projection of competence and warmth. In three studies, participants first rated themselves on a list of traits/preferences, then performed a power manipulation task, and, finally, rated a target person on the same list. Studies 1 and 2 reveal that the effect of power on social projection is moderated by dimension of judgment: high-power/low-power participants project more on competence/warmth than low-power/high-power participants. A meta-analysis conducted on Studies 1, 2, 3, and two additional studies confirmed those results. Study 3 additionally shows that high power increases the salience of competence, whereas low power increases the salience of warmth. Implications for both the power and the social perception literatures are discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-424
Author(s):  
Jenei Dániel Ferenc ◽  
Csertő István ◽  
Vincze Orsolya

Háttér és célkitűzések:Tanulmányunkban azokat a narratív eseménykonstrukciós eszközöket vizsgáljuk, amelyek összefüggésbe hozhatók a kollektív áldozati tudat (Bar-Tal, Chernyak-Hai, Schori és Gundar, 2009) közvetítésével és fenntartásával. Igazolni kívánjuk, hogy a László (2012) által felvázolt áldozati narratív kompozíciós eszközök (nyelvi ágencia, értékelés, és pszichológiai perspektíva csoportelfogult használata) révén közvetíthető egy csoport áldozati pozíciója. Továbbá megvizsgáljuk, hogy egy csoport konfl iktustörténetének percepcióját képes-e megváltoztatni a narratív kompozíció kísérleti úton történő manipulálása: lehetséges-e elkövetőből áldozatot kreálni pusztán a nyelvi megszerkesztettség útján?Módszer:A társas észlelési paradigmára épülő vizsgálatban nemzeti csoportok áldozati történeteinek szisztematikus nyelvi manipulációján keresztül kialakított elfogult és elfogulatlan változatát megítélve, kérdőíves módszerrel (Egyéni és Csoportvélekedés Skála, Eidelson, 2009) mértük fel a narratív kompozíciós eszközök észlelésre gyakorolt hatását.Eredmények:Az áldozati narratívum kompozíciós eszközei statisztikai értelemben is hatással voltak a bemutatott csoportok áldozati pozíciójának észlelésére. A csoportok megítélése attól függően változott, hogy a résztvevők melyik szövegváltozatot olvasták: az elfogulatlan eseményleírás esetén az „áldozati” csoport, az elfogult változat esetén az „agresszor” észlelt áldozati pozíciója válik hangsúlyosabbá. Egyúttal azt is sikerült bizonyítani, hogy pusztán a nyelvi megszerkesztettség útján megváltoztatható egy agresszor csoport észlelése, és áldozati színezettel is bemutathatók tetteik.Következtetések:A László és munkatársai által leírt narratív kompozíció közvetíti az áldozati tudattal összefüggő hiedelmeket, és a csoport szemantikus szerepe képes felülírni az objektíven meghatározott cselekményszerepeket.Background and goals:In this paper we explore the narrative event-constructional devices that can be linked to the transmission and sustainment of collective victim consciousness (Bar-Tal, Chernyak-Hai, Schori, and Gundar, 2009). Our goal is to verify that with the narrative compositional devices (linguistic agency, evaluation, group-biased use of psychological perspective) described by László (2012), a group’s victim position can be transmitted. It is further explored, if the perception of a group’s confl ict-story can be altered by the experimental manipulation of the narrative composition: is it possible to create a victim from a perpetrator by just the linguistic composition?Method:The study is based on the social perception paradigm, in which biased and unbiased variants of national groups’ victimhood stories were created through systematic linguistic manipulation. The effect of the narrative compositional devices on the perception of the stories was evaluated with a questionnaire (Individual- and Group Beliefs Scale, Eidelson, 2009).Results:The narrative compositional devices of the victimhood narrative had a statistically signifi cant effect on the perception of the introduced groups’ victimhood position. The evaluation of the groups changed according to which variant of the story was introduced: in the case of the unbiased event-description, the „victim” group’s victim position is salient; and in the case of the biased event-description, the „perpetrator” group’s victim position becomes more salient. In addition, it is demonstrated that the perception of a perpetrator group can be changed by only the narrative construction and their actions can acquire a „victim tone”.Conclusion:The narrative compositional devices described by László et al. transmit the beliefs linked to victimhood consciousness, and the group’s semantic role can overwrite the objectively defi ned roles.


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