scholarly journals Loeffler's syndrome in a child: A rare radiological and histopathological diagnosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
Kiem Hao Tran ◽  
Kim Hoa Nguyen-Thi ◽  
Nguyen Cuong Pham ◽  
Cong Thuan Dang
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Diagnosis

F.N.A.C. AS DIAGNOSTIC TOOL OF PAROTID TUMORS AND ASSOCIATED PITFALLS IN CORRELATION WITH HISTOPATHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhawana Pant ◽  
Sanjay Gaur ◽  
Prabhat Pant
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cytological Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Parotid Tumors

F.NA.C has been used for ages as a safe and economical tool for fast preoperative diagnosis of parotid tumors. It has certain pitfall which sometimes leads to misdiagnosis and consequently it may have affect on treatment of the tumors. Keeping in view of the diverse classification of parotid tumors’ information from cytology should be combined with radiology as well as clinical diagnosis. Aim: To discuss some cases where there was discrepancy between cytological diagnosis and histopathological result and also suggest measures to improve the efficacy of F.N.A.C. Material and methods: The study includes 50 cases of parotid tumours who presented to the  department of ENT at Government medical college Haldwani which is a tertiary referral centre during 2009 to 2016. Only adult patients were included and inflammatory swelling were excluded from the study. All patients evaluated  Contrast enhanced computerized tomography(CECT) and  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by Fine needle aspiration cytology .Preoperative diagnosis was made upon the findings of the above investigations and different types of  parotid surgeries  were done. . Final diagnosis was made on  histopathological  examination. Result :The most common tumour  came out to be pleomorphic adenoma (23 cases-46%) followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma(12cases-24%). In ten  cases there was no clear cut  association between cytological diagnosis and final histopathological diagnosis. Conclusion: FNAC is highly sensitive and specific technique for diagnosis of many salivary gland swellings. FNAC can be used preoperatively to avoid unnecessary surgery and biopsy. Details of clinical information and radiologic features may help the pathologist to arrive at the appropriate diagnosis and reduce false interpretation. Pitfalls may also occur with improper technique of FNAC which can be overcome by proper caution.

Lipomeningocele associated with diplomyelia in a dog

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (05) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele Ondreka ◽  
Sara Malberg ◽  
Emma Laws ◽  
Martin Schmidt ◽  
Sabine Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Split Cord Malformation ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Subcutaneous Mass ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

SummaryA 2-year-old male neutered mixed breed dog with a body weight of 30 kg was presented for evaluation of a soft subcutaneous mass on the dorsal midline at the level of the caudal thoracic spine. A further clinical sign was intermittent pain on palpation of the area of the subcutaneous mass. The owner also described a prolonged phase of urination with repeated interruption and re-initiation of voiding. The findings of the neurological examination were consistent with a lesion localization between the 3rd thoracic and 3rd lumbar spinal cord segments. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spina bifida with a lipomeningocele and diplomyelia (split cord malformation type I) at the level of thoracic vertebra 11 and 12 and secondary syringomyelia above the aforementioned defects in the caudal thoracic spinal cord. Surgical resection of the lipomeningocele via a hemilaminectomy was performed. After initial deterioration of the neurological status postsurgery with paraplegia and absent deep pain sensation the dog improved within 2 weeks to non-ambulatory paraparesis with voluntary urination. Six weeks postoperatively the dog was ambulatory, according to the owner. Two years after surgery the owner recorded that the dog showed a normal gait, a normal urination and no pain. Histopathological diagnosis of the biopsied material revealed a lipomeningocele which confirmed the radiological diagnosis.

An Unusual Long Segment Spinal Epidural Cavernous Hemangioma: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Shamrendra Narayan ◽  
Kuldeep Kumar ◽  
Neha Singh ◽  
Ragini Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cavernous Hemangioma ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Provisional Diagnosis ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Rare Lesion ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy ◽  
Vertebral Hemangiomas ◽  
Spinal Epidural

Spinal epidural hemangioma, mostly cavernous, is a rare lesion with many radiological mimics that has diagnostic difficulty. They can extend from one to multiple vertebral levels and may or may not be associated with vertebral hemangiomas. We are reporting a case of young adult presenting with features of compressive myelopathy. Plain and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a large spinal epidural lesion extending from C7 to D10 vertebral levels with extension into adjacent neural foramina and paravertebral spaces. There were also signal changes in bodies and posterior elements of dorsal vertebrae. A provisional diagnosis of lymphoma was made. The patient was operated for decompression and histopathological diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma was made. As in our case, a review of literature shows that epidural cavernous hemangioma of spine may extend to multiple vertebral levels and difficult to diagnose on pre-operative imaging. However, such a long segment epidural cavernous hemangioma has not been reported in literature. Furthermore, we should be aware of these rare lesions to include it in our differential diagnosis the spinal epidural lesions for early diagnosis and management.

Transvaginal Ultrasonography and Saline Infusion Sonography Compared to Hysteroscopy for Diagnosis of Intracavity Lesion: A 4-Year Experience in Suburban Referral Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-593
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Saline Infusion Sonography ◽  
Submucous Myoma ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) and saline infusion sonography (SIS) in use for the diagnosis of endometrial polyps and submucous myoma compared to hysteroscopy. Histopathology was considered as the gold standard for final diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand between January 2014 and December 2017. Medical records of 150 patients who attended for hysteroscopy and histopathological diagnosis were reviewed. The accuracy of TVS and SIS for the diagnosis of endometrial polyps and submucous myoma were determined. Results: Out of 150 enrolled cases, endometrial polyp was the most frequent hysteroscopic finding in participants of the present study (92/150). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of TVS, SIS, and hysteroscopy compared to pathologic reports for detection endometrial polyps were 71.7% versus 93.5% versus 97.8%, 38.5% versus 52.2% versus 68.2%, 80.5% versus 88.7% versus 92.8%, 27.8% versus 66.7% versus 88.2%, and 64.4% versus 85.2% versus 92.1%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of TVS, SIS, and hysteroscopy for detection of submucous myoma were 81.6% versus 92.1% versus 94.7%, 66.7% versus 86.9% versus 100%, 77.5% versus 92.1% versus 100%, 72.0% versus 86.9% versus 90.9%, and 75.4% versus 90.2% versus 96.6%, respectively. The kappa value from TVS, SIS, and hysteroscopy when the histopathologic reports were overall intrauterine abnormalities, endometrial polyps and submucous myoma were 0.45/0.43/0.72, 0.77/0.76/0.89, and 0.92/0.92/1.00, respectively. Conclusion: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and kappa value of SIS for detecting endometrial polyps and submucous myoma were better than TVS. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Saline infusion sonography, Hysteroscopy, Accuracy

MOLECULAR AND GENETIC SUBTYPES OF OVARIAN CANCER: PROSPECTS FOR FURTHER STUDIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Alisa Villert ◽  
Larisa Kolomiets ◽  
Natalya Yunusova ◽  
Yevgeniya Fesik
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
Genetic Subtypes

High-grade ovarian carcinoma is a histopathological diagnosis, however, at the molecular level, ovarian cancer represents a heterogeneous group of diseases. Studies aimed at identifying molecular genetic subtypes of ovarian cancer are conducted in order to find the answer to the question: can different molecular subgroups influence the choice of treatment? One of the achievements in this trend is the recognition of the dualistic model that categorizes various types of ovarian cancer into two groups designated high-grade (HG) and low-grade (LG) tumors. However, the tumor genome sequencing data suggest the existence of 6 ovarian carcinoma subtypes, including two LG and four HG subtypes. Subtype C1 exhibits a high stromal response and the lowest survival. Subtypes C2 and C4 demonstrate higher number of intratumoral CD3 + cells, lower stromal gene expression and better survival than sybtype C1. Subtype C5 (mesenchymal) is characterized by mesenchymal cells, over-expression of N-cadherin and P-cadherin, low expression of differentiation markers, and lower survival rates than C2 and C4. The use of a consensus algorithm to determine the subtype allows identification of only a minority of ovarian carcinomas (approximately 25%) therefore, the practical importance of this classification requires additional research. There is evidence that it makes sense to randomize tumors into groups with altered expression of angiogenic genes and groups with overexpression of the immune response genes, as in the angiogenic group there is a comparative superiority in terms of survival. The administration of bevacizumab in the angiogenic group improves survival, while the administration of bevacizumab in the immune group even worsens the outcome. Molecular subtypes with worse survival rates (proliferative and mesenchymal) also benefit most from bevacizumab treatment. This review focuses on some of the advances in understanding molecular, cellular, and genetic changes in ovarian carcinomas with the results achieved so far regarding the formulation of molecular subtypes of ovarian cancer, however further studies are needed.

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