Non-invasive brain stimulation for treating neurogenic dysarthria: A systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 101580
Author(s):  
Pasquale Balzan ◽  
Catherine Tattersall ◽  
Rebecca Palmer
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael D. Lewis ◽  
Lucy Gallop ◽  
Iain C. Campbell ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt

Abstract Background Most psychiatric disorders have their onset in childhood or adolescence, and if not fully treated have the potential for causing life-long psycho-social and physical sequelae. Effective psychotherapeutic and medication treatments exist, but a significant proportion of children and young people do not make a full recovery. Thus, novel, safe, brain-based alternatives or adjuncts to conventional treatments are needed. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques which have shown clinical benefits in adult psychiatric conditions. However, in children and young people their efficacy is not well established. The objective of this study will be to systematically evaluate the evidence on clinical effects of NIBS in children and young people with psychiatric disorders, assessing disorder-specific symptoms, mood and neurocognitive functions. Methods We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review. We will include randomised and non-randomised controlled trials and observational studies (e.g. cohort, case-control, case series) assessing the effects of NIBS in children and young people (aged ≤ 24 years old) for psychiatric disorders. The primary outcome will be reduction of disorder-specific symptoms. Secondary outcomes will include effects on mood and cognition. A comprehensive search from database inception onwards will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO. Grey literature will be identified through searching multiple clinical trial registries. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles and abstract data. The methodological quality of the studies will be appraised using appropriate tools. We will provide a narrative synthesis of the evidence and according to heterogeneity will conduct an appropriate meta-analysis. Additional analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. Discussion This systematic review will provide a broad and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence on clinical effects of NIBS in children and young people with psychiatric disorders. Our findings will be reported according to the PRISMA guidelines and will be of interest to multiple audiences (including patients, researchers, healthcare professionals and policy-makers). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019158957


BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e015669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Terrence O'Brien ◽  
Gabriel Torrealba Acosta ◽  
Rodrigo Huerta ◽  
Aurore Thibaut

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 106657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Pettorruso ◽  
Andrea Miuli ◽  
Chiara Di Natale ◽  
Chiara Montemitro ◽  
Francesca Zoratto ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S162-S162
Author(s):  
Anika Poppe ◽  
Leonie Bais ◽  
Franziska Ritter ◽  
Branislava Curčić-Blake ◽  
Gerdina (Marieke) Pijnenborg ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Cognitive deficits are commonly observed in people diagnosed with schizophrenia and have been found to be more predictive of future daily and community functioning than the severity of clinical symptoms (e.g., hallucinations and delusions). Cognitive remediation (CR) is a psychological treatment developed to improve cognitive functioning and thereby daily functioning. Despite the effectivity of CR programs, reduced neuroplasticity in brain networks underlying the cognitive tasks may impede the effectiveness of these treatment programs. Increasing the neuroplasticity in these networks by the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) like transcranial direct current stimulation or transcranial magnetic stimulation might boost the effect of CR. In a systematic review, we will address the question whether the combination of non-invasive brain stimulation and cognitive remediation may be a promising treatment strategy. We will apply a transdiagnostic perspective in order to determine the potential benefit of combining CR and NIBS in general, and not specific to a diagnostic category. Methods A systematic review of literature was conducted by searching PsycINFO, Pubmed, Web of Science, and Medline databases for combined treatments of CR and NIBS. Included studies were assessed for cognitive, clinical and functional outcomes. Results 64 studies were identified, with 40 studies including clinical populations (e.g., schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, HIV, MS). The cognitive outcomes showed mixed results. Most effects were found on complex attention and executive functioning. In these domains about 38% of the studies found an added positive treatment effect for combining interventions, in comparison to single interventions (i.e. CR, NIBS, or CR+sham-stimulation). Functional outcome measures were included in ten of the 40 studies with clinical populations. Eight studies found a positive trend towards greater improvements in daily functioning when CR and NIBS were combined. Discussion So far, findings indicate promising effects of combining CR and NIBS on cognitive functioning and daily functioning in healthy and various clinical populations. There is a lot of variety between studies (e.g., duration of treatment, number of total sessions, number of weekly sessions, cognitive domains targeted) which may explain the mixed results. Especially, the design of the CR varied widely. Strategy-use and targeting meta-cognition, which were identified as effective elements of CR as a stand-alone treatment were not included in many combined CR+NIBS designs. Future studies have to elucidate whether the combining CR (including strategy-use and meta-cognition) and NIBS has an additive effect on cognitive and/or daily functioning compared to non-combined treatment. Moreover, future studies should evaluate whether beneficial effects from the experimental studies translate into long-term improvement in activities of daily life.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Augusto Negreiros Parente Capela Sampaio ◽  
Renerio Fraguas ◽  
Paulo Andrade Lotufo ◽  
Isabela Martins Benseñor ◽  
André Russowsky Brunoni

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document