scholarly journals Winner takes all? Tech clusters, population centers, and the spatial transformation of U.S. invention

2022 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 104418
Author(s):  
B. Chattergoon ◽  
W.R. Kerr
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Justus Haucap

Während digitale Plattformen den Wettbewerb auf vielen Märkte intensiviert haben, besteht aufgrund des kippligen "Winner-takes-all"-Charakters dieser Märkte und der teils hohen Marktkonzentration auch ein erhöhtes Risiko einer Marktabschottung durch große Plattformen. Daher spricht einiges für neue wettbewerbspolitische Instrumente. Insbesondere Strategien, die Multi-Homing künstlich verhindern, sollten von Wettbewerbsbehörden noch vor der Entstehung einer Marktbeherrschung untersucht werden. Darüber hinaus sollte der Zugang zu Daten für Dritte grundsätzlich einfacher sein als bisher. In der Fusionskontrolle gibt es gute Gründe für eine Intensivierung mit Blick auf sogenannte "Killerakquisitionen". Allerdings muss eine Balance gefunden werden, um Innovations- und Gründungsanreize zu erhalten. Die aktuelle GWB-Novelle nimmt viele dieser Erkenntnisse aus der wettbewerbsökonomischen Forschung auf.


2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Krystyna Ilmurzyńska

Abstract This article investigates the suitability of traditional and participatory planning approaches in managing the process of spatial development of existing housing estates, based on the case study of Warsaw’s Ursynów Północny district. The basic assumption of the article is that due to lack of government schemes targeted at the restructuring of large housing estates, it is the business environment that drives spatial transformations and through that shapes the development of participation. Consequently the article focuses on the reciprocal relationships between spatial transformations and participatory practices. Analysis of Ursynów Północny against the background of other estates indicates that it presents more endangered qualities than issues to be tackled. Therefore the article focuses on the potential of the housing estate and good practices which can be tracked throughout its lifetime. The paper focuses furthermore on real-life processes, addressing the issue of privatisation, development pressure, formal planning procedures and participatory budgeting. In the conclusion it attempts to interpret the existing spatial structure of the estate as a potential framework for a participatory approach.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Yongbo Wang ◽  
Nanshan Zheng ◽  
Zhengfu Bian

Since pairwise registration is a necessary step for the seamless fusion of point clouds from neighboring stations, a closed-form solution to planar feature-based registration of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) point clouds is proposed in this paper. Based on the Plücker coordinate-based representation of linear features in three-dimensional space, a quad tuple-based representation of planar features is introduced, which makes it possible to directly determine the difference between any two planar features. Dual quaternions are employed to represent spatial transformation and operations between dual quaternions and the quad tuple-based representation of planar features are given, with which an error norm is constructed. Based on L2-norm-minimization, detailed derivations of the proposed solution are explained step by step. Two experiments were designed in which simulated data and real data were both used to verify the correctness and the feasibility of the proposed solution. With the simulated data, the calculated registration results were consistent with the pre-established parameters, which verifies the correctness of the presented solution. With the real data, the calculated registration results were consistent with the results calculated by iterative methods. Conclusions can be drawn from the two experiments: (1) The proposed solution does not require any initial estimates of the unknown parameters in advance, which assures the stability and robustness of the solution; (2) Using dual quaternions to represent spatial transformation greatly reduces the additional constraints in the estimation process.


Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Min Zhou ◽  
Man Yuan ◽  
Yaping Huang ◽  
Kaixuan Lin

Manufacturing space is a spatial system that combines the interaction between capital and institutions at the enterprise, industry, and spatial levels. It is also an important functional type that promotes the spatial evolution of big cities. Most studies focus on the effects of a single institutional type on the manufacturing space of big cities and lack systematic and complete exploration of the institutional mechanism. Current empirical research on typical industrial cities in China is insufficient. This study uses a GIS spatial analysis technique and a Poisson regression model to analyze the mechanism by which institutions have influenced the spatial patterns of manufacturing industries in the Wuhan metropolitan area since the 1990s. The results show that land policy, development zone policy, urban planning, transportation strategy, and eco-environmental policy all have a significant impact on the restructuring process and distribution pattern of the manufacturing industries through incentives and constraints. This study expands our understanding of the influence mechanism of manufacturing spatial patterns and proposes spatial guiding strategies and policy implications for the spatial transformation of urban manufacturing.


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