scholarly journals Who wants more social contacts? A cross-sectional study of people with psychotic disorders in England

2022 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Helena Tee ◽  
Agnes Chevalier ◽  
Martin Webber ◽  
Penny Xanthopoulou ◽  
Stefan Priebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Contacts

scholarly journals Neighbourhood characteristics and social isolation of people with psychosis: a multi-site cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Giacco ◽  
James B. Kirkbride ◽  
Anna O. Ermakova ◽  
Martin Webber ◽  
Penny Xanthopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Contacts

Abstract Purpose People with psychosis are vulnerable to social isolation, which is associated with worse clinical outcomes. In general populations, people living in areas with higher population density have more social contacts, while those living in more socially deprived and fragmented areas are less satisfied with their relationships. We assessed whether and how neighbourhood factors are associated with social contacts and satisfaction with friendships for people with psychosis. Methods We carried out a cross-sectional study including people with psychosis aged 18–65 years in urban and rural sites in England. Population density and social deprivation and fragmentation indexes were described within Lower Level Super Output Areas (LSOA). Their associations with participants’ social contacts and satisfaction with friendships were tested with negative binomial and ordinal regression models, respectively. Results We surveyed 511 participants with psychotic disorders. They had a median of two social contacts in the previous week (interquartile range [IQR] = 1–4), and rated satisfaction with friendships as 5 out of 7 (Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life; IQR = 4–6). Higher population density was associated with fewer social contacts (Z-standardised relative risk [RR] = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.79–0.99, p = 0.03), but not with satisfaction with friendships (RR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.93–1.26, p = 0.31). No associations were found for social contacts or satisfaction with friendships with social deprivation or fragmentation indexes. Conclusions Clinicians in urban areas should be aware that their patients with psychosis are more socially isolated when more people live around them, and this could impact their clinical outcomes. These findings may inform housing programmes.

Hope and its dimensions in relation to clinical recovery: A cross-sectional study among people with psychotic disorders.

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Anczewska ◽  
Jacek Wciórka ◽  
Paweł Grygiel ◽  
Izabela Nowak ◽  
Janina Sonik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Recovery

scholarly journals Relationship Pattern of Personality Disorder Traits in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762199953
Author(s):  
Bhavneesh Saini ◽  
Pir Dutt Bansal ◽  
Mamta Bahetra ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Bansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurotic Disorders

Background: Normal personality development, gone awry due to genetic or environmental factors, results in personality disorders (PD). These often coexist with other psychiatric disorders, affecting their outcome adversely. Considering the heterogeneity of data, more research is warranted. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on personality traits in psychiatric patients of a tertiary hospital, over 1 year. Five hundred and twenty-five subjects, aged 18–45 years, with substance, psychotic, mood, or neurotic disorders were selected by convenience sampling. They were evaluated for illness-related variables using psychiatric pro forma; diagnostic confirmation and severity assessment were done using ICD-10 criteria and suitable scales. Personality assessment was done using the International Personality Disorder Examination after achieving remission. Results: Prevalence of PD traits and PDs was 56.3% and 4.2%, respectively. While mood disorders were the diagnostic group with the highest prevalence of PD traits, it was neurotic disorders for PDs. Patients with PD traits had a past psychiatric history and upper middle socioeconomic status (SES); patients with PDs were urban and unmarried. Both had a lower age of onset of psychiatric illness. Psychotic patients with PD traits had higher and lower PANSS positive and negative scores, respectively. The severity of personality pathology was highest for mixed cluster and among neurotic patients. Clusterwise prevalence was cluster C > B > mixed > A (47.1%, 25.2%, 16.7%, and 11.4%). Among subtypes, anankastic (18.1%) and mixed (16.7%) had the highest prevalence. Those in the cluster A group were the least educated and with lower SES than others. Conclusions: PD traits were present among 56.3% of the patients, and they had many significant sociodemographic and illness-related differences from those without PD traits. Cluster C had the highest prevalence. Among patients with psychotic disorders, those with PD traits had higher severity of psychotic symptoms.

Self-Stigma and adherence to medication in patients with psychotic disorders – cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s265-s265 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vrbova ◽  
D. Kamaradova ◽  
K. Latalova ◽  
M. Ociskova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Adherence To Medication

IntroductionAdherence to treatment of mental disorders is one of the key factors influencing its success and, secondarily, the patients’ quality of life and social adaptation.AimsThe cross-sectional study of 90 outpatients diagnosed with psychotic disorders aimed at determining if there was a relationship between discontinuation of medication in the past, current adherence to treatment and self-stigma.MethodsThe assessment was made with the objective and subjective Clinical Global Impression – Severity scale, Drug Attitude Inventory, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale and demographic data.ResultsThe questionnaires were filled out by 79 patients, of whom 5 handed in incomplete questionnaires. Complete sets of data were obtained from 74 patients. The data analysis showed that the levels of self-stigma as assessed by the total ISMI scores was not statistically significantly correlated with most of the demographic factors (age, age of illness onset, gender, education, marital status, employment, duration of the illness, number of hospitalizations and antipsychotic dosage). However, there was a significant negative correlation with current adherence to treatment.ConclusionsAdherence to treatment is one of the most important prerequisites for successful therapy. Adherence may be enhanced through better motivation and education of patients on the necessity of adhering to treatment recommendations and the consequences of non-adherent behavior. Important factors in adherence also seem to be patients’ stigmatization and self-stigma. Adherence may be increased by promising self-stigma-reducing strategies performed by systematic psychoeducation of patients or as a part of psychotherapeutic counseling.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Saurabh Jaiswal ◽  
Santosh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

ABSTRACT Introduction People with epilepsy are more likely than the general population to have comorbid psychiatric disorders that include anxiety, depression, and interictal and chronic psychoses. Even though psychiatric comorbidity is common in epilepsy, it is underrecognized and undertreated, both in specialty epilepsy centers and also in community-based services. A thorough assessment of this was sought in this study among the patients of Rohilkhand region of Uttar Pradesh (India). Materials and methods A total of 100 patients with epilepsy who visited the psychiatry outpatient clinic were recruited for this study. They were assessed in detail for the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders on Axis 1 with the help of Structured Clinical Interview for Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Results Overall, it was found that a comorbidity of psychiatric disorders was present in 45% of patients with epilepsy. The frequency of cooccurrence of different types of psychiatric disorders was as follows: Mood disorders 21%, anxiety disorders 14%, and psychotic disorders 28%. Conclusion Psychiatric comorbidities were found to be a common problem in patients with epilepsy. The results of this study are in line with many different research works both in India and abroad. A proper address of this issue is important for management, better outcome, and policy making in patients with epilepsy. How to cite this article Jaiswal S, Kumar S, Sharma CS, Kuchhal A, Jaiswal A. Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(1):24-28.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents Attending Psychiatry Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (238) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Joshi ◽  
Asim Shrestha ◽  
Deepika Karki ◽  
Pradip Man Singh
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Adolescence is the time when most mental illness begins most of the time these problems are overlooked leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The study is undertaken to find out the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adolescents attending psychiatry outpatient department in a tertiary hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done from 1st December 2019 to 29th November 2020 at a tertiary care centre of Kathmandu. Ethical approval (Ref No.: 012-076/077) was taken from the Institution Review Committee. A semi-structured proforma was used for the socio-demographic profile of patients and International Classification of Diseases-10 was used to make the diagnosis. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Results: A total of 174 adolescents were included in the study. Out of the total cases 141 (81.03%) (75.1-86.8 at 95% Confidence Interval) were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, among them 73 (51.77%) were males and 68 (48.23%) were females. The common diagnoses were anxiety disorders 63 (36.20%), mood disorders 34 (19.54%), psychotic disorders 26 (14.94%), substance use disorders 8 (4.59%), non-organic sleep disorders 5 (2.87%), behavioral and emotional disorders 3 (1.72%) and mental retardation 2 (1.149%). Conclusions: Prevalence of psychiatric illnesses is high in the adolescent population compared to the similar studies.

scholarly journals Quality of life and associated factors among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e048446
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farris Iman Leong Bin Abdullah ◽  
Nor Shuhada Mansor ◽  
Mohd Afifuddin Mohamad ◽  
Soo Huat Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
University Students ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and determine its association with various factors and social support among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic after the end of movement lockdown.Design, setting and participantsThis online cross-sectional study recruited 316 participants. The inclusion criteria were students 18 years and above who were registered with the faculties of medicine at Malaysian public universities located in Klang Valley and in the states of Penang and Kelantan in Peninsular Malaysia. The exclusion criteria were those who presented with psychotic disorders, bipolar mood disorder or a history of illicit drugs.Outcome measuresParticipants were administered a self-reported questionnaire to gather data on demographic, personal, clinical and psychological characteristics. The questionnaire comprised of the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the WHO Quality of Life- Brief Version (WHOQoL-BREF).ResultsThe psychological and social QoL scores were lower than the non-pandemic norms of the general population, while the physical health and environmental QoL scores were comparable. After adjusting for relevant demographic, personal and clinical variables, religious coping, greater number of hours of online classes attended, and greater social support from family, friends and significant others were significantly associated with higher QoL among the participants. Frustration due to study disruption, living in areas with a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases, and a higher severity of depressive and stress symptoms were significantly associated with lower QoL.ConclusionCOVID-19 impaired the QoL of university students even after the movement lockdown was lifted.

scholarly journals Sexual Dysfunction and Hyperprolactinemia in Male Psychotic Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Johnsen ◽  
Rune Kroken ◽  
Else-Marie Løberg ◽  
Eirik Kjelby ◽  
Hugo A. Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotic

Introduction. Sexual dysfunction (SD) and hyperprolactinemia are frequently reported in patients with psychotic disorders and have the potential for severe complications but investigations in males are particularly scarce. The primary aims were to determine the prevalence of SD and hyperprolactinemia in male patients and to investigate whether associations exist between SD and prolactin levels.Methods. Cross-sectional data were obtained at discharge from the hospital or 6 weeks after admittance for patients acutely admitted for psychosis and treated with a second-generation antipsychotic drug.Results. Half the patients reported diminished sexual desire and more than a third reported erectile and ejaculatory dysfunctions with no differences among the drugs. More than half the sample was hyperprolactinemic. No association was found between prolactin levels and SD.Conclusion. High rates of SD and hyperprolactinemia were found in male patients and should be a treatment target. SD and hyperprolactinemia were not correlated.

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