Experimental studies of the link between production and penetration of impurity atoms into the plasma edge and the central impurity content in TEXTOR-94

1997 ◽  
Vol 241-243 (1) ◽  
pp. 793-798
Author(s):  
B Unterberg
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Plasma Edge ◽  
Impurity Atoms

Experimental studies of the link between production and penetration of impurity atoms into the plasma edge and the central impurity content in TEXTOR-94

1997 ◽  
Vol 241-243 ◽  
pp. 793-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Unterberg ◽  
H. Knauf ◽  
P. Lindner ◽  
V. Philipps ◽  
A. Pospieszczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Plasma Edge ◽  
Impurity Atoms

Heat Exchange Characteristics in Heat Supply and Heat Removal Parts of a Nonisothermal Circuit, Including Temperature and Velocity Fields in a HLMC Flow, for Controlled Impurity Content

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. O. Novozhilova ◽  
A. V. Beznosov ◽  
S. Yu. Savinov ◽  
M. A. Antonenkov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Velocity Structure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Stream Velocity ◽  
Carrier Stream ◽  
Temperature And Velocity Fields ◽  
Annular Clearance

Results of the experimental studies of the heat exchange to the lead heat-transfer agent in the annular clearance in the circulation contour with the controlled and operated processes of mass exchange and mass transfer of the oxygen content are presented. And results of experimental research of lead-bismuth heat-carrier stream velocity structure at a varied content of oxygen content are presented.

LOW-TEMPERATURE RECOVERY OF DEFORMED ALUMINUM

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1890-1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Recovery Stage ◽  
Degree Of Deformation ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Impurity Atoms ◽  
Interstitial Defects ◽  
Dislocation Pinning

The isochronal recovery of deformed polycrystalline Al was measured from 4 to 300 °K by means of residual electrical resistivity measurements. A well-defined recovery stage was observed between 60 and 100 °K (stage IIA); it has also been observed after neutron irradiation, but not after electron irradiation (Sosin 1963). This stage was enhanced by increasing the deformation or introducing quenched-in vacancies, and was suppressed by impurity atoms. These results can be explained by di-interstitial migration. The recovery below 60 °K (stage I) amounted to approximately 5%, and was independent of impurity content or degree of deformation. Both stage I and stage IIA recovery were greatly increased by a prior deformation and low-temperature anneal. A similar increase was observed for Au. This enhancement was attributed to a change in deformation mechanism because of dislocation pinning, which resulted in the formation of a preponderance of interstitial defects.

scholarly journals Modeling Static Recrystallization in Al-Mg Alloys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich Buken ◽  
Ernst Kozeschnik
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Solute Drag ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Impurity Atoms ◽  
Grain Boundary Mobility ◽  
Recrystallization Kinetics ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Microstructure Model ◽  
Mg Content

AbstractIn the present work, the influence of Mg on recrystallization kinetics in Al is analyzed by computer simulation. A comprehensive state parameter-based microstructure model is developed, which describes recrystallization in terms of nucleation and growth. The mechanism of solute drag is fully incorporated, thus accounting for the decrease of grain boundary mobility in the presence of impurity atoms. On the basis of the present approach, the solute binding energy between Mg atoms and grain boundaries is assessed and compared to experimentally measured values. Furthermore, the influence of Mg on dislocation production during strain hardening is modeled. The simulations of the composition and temperature-dependent recrystallization kinetics are verified on experimental studies where excellent agreement is achieved. Both simulation and experiment show that increasing Mg content first decelerates and, later on, accelerates recrystallization kinetics.

Theoretical Study of Weak-Beam Images of Stacking Faults Decorated with Impurities

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 586-587
Author(s):  
G. R. Anstis
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Crystal Potential ◽  
Impurity Atoms ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Kinematical Theory ◽  
Rigid Ion Model

Weak—beam dark—field images of stacking faults in silicon vary in an interesting way as the angle of inclination of a fault to the beam changes. It is observed that the contrast of images formed with beam +g varies with angle of inclination at a rate different from that associated with beam −g. For the case of an extrinsic fault it was found that this variation can be calculated using the kinematical theory of scattering and by modelling the fault as two discontinuous changes to the crystal potential across neighbouring (111) plane. Thus the weak—beam imaging technique is sensitive to some of the details of atomic arrangements near the fault. To explain the contrast variation of intrinsic faults it is necessary to model the smooth transition of the crystal potential from one side of the fault to the other. While such a model gives a qualitatative description of experimental studies it is not able to account for the large differences in contrast between +g images and −g images that have been observed experimentally. In this paper it is postulated that the presence of impurity atoms near the plane of the fault accounts for some of the features of experimental observations.The theory is based on the kinematical theory of scattering and the rigid ion model of the crystal potential. A crystal containing a stacking fault consists of a unit which repeats indefinitely in directions parallel to the plane of the fault. Along a line perpendicular to the fault the repeat unit is displaced by a vector R across the plane of the fault. The impurity atoms are assumed to be distributed periodically on planes parallel to the fault.

Effect of Carbon Impurity Content on Microstructural Evolution in Neutron-Irradiated Alpha Iron: Cluster Dynamics Modeling

2013 ◽  
Vol 1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Abe ◽  
Tomohito Tsuru ◽  
Shiro Jitsukawa
Keyword(s):  
Impurity Content ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Iron Cluster ◽  
Carbon Impurity ◽  
Alpha Iron ◽  
Impurity Atoms ◽  
Trapping Effect ◽  
C Complex

ABSTRACTCluster dynamics (CD) modeling has been used to estimate the long-term evolution of point defect (PD) clusters. However, previous studies have often simplified the governing equations by assuming the maximum size of mobile self-interstitial atom (SIA) clusters and by ignoring the one-dimensional (1D) reaction kinetics of SIA loops. They have also conducted parameter fittings, such as the clustered fraction and the maximum size of clusters produced by collision cascade, to reproduce experimental data. In this study, in addition to modeling the 1D motion of SIA loops in the framework of the production bias model (PBM), reaction rates associated with carbon impurity atoms present in alpha iron were formulated to consider the trapping effect of one-dimensionally migrating SIA loops by a vacancy-carbon (V-C) complex that was shown to have strong bindings with SIA loops by previous atomistic simulations. Calculations results for neutron-irradiated alpha iron showed that the developed CD model can successfully reproduce the saturation trend of the number density of immobile SIA loops in contrast to the prediction using a model without the trapping effect.

scholarly journals Safety of the Russian antiviral drug Kagocel

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
T G Borovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effect

The review gives summarized information on the preclinical data and clinical trials evaluating the safety of the antiviral drug Kagocel. It notes that the manufacturer of the drug pay special attention to the control of its impurity content. There is information on the development and validation of highly sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography procedures, the application of which can guarantee that free gossypol impurities are absent in the drug. The results of preclinical toxicity study of Kagocel in experiments on laboratory animals are briefly reviewed; particular attention is paid to the investigation of the drug’s safety for the reproductive system of immature animals. It is noted that evaluation of the total toxic properties of Kagocel has revealed no signs of intoxication. Investigations of the reproductive toxicity of Kagocel have showed no effect on spermatogenesis. A set of experimental studies of the long-term effects of the use of Kagocel in different regimens has confirmed that the drug has no negative effect on the reproductive organs in the offspring of experimental rats and on its development. Many clinical trials, including those with participation of children aged 2 years or older, have provided important data on drug safety. The results given in the review lead to the conclusion that the use of the antiviral drug Kagocel in both general and pediatric practice is proven safe.

scholarly journals The Phenomena of Transformation of Chemical Bond in Tungsten Wire Obtained by Radiation Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 967
Author(s):  
Boris P. Chesnokov ◽  
Fyarid K. Abdrazakov ◽  
Olga V. Naumova ◽  
Elena V. Spiridonova ◽  
Tatiana V. Fedunina
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Chemical Bond ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Tungsten Wire ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Radiation Technology ◽  
Impurity Atoms

The results of experimental studies in the field of radiation materials science, in particular, the phenomenon of chemical bond transformation in metal powders subjected to ionizing radiation in producing tungsten wire are presented. The phenomenon of energy conversion of an intracrystalline chemical bond between a material and a complex, including point defects and impurity atoms, leading to a change in the structure of sinter powder crystals, has been established experimentally. 

3-D reconstruction and analysis of mammalian mitotic spindle structure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
Kent McDonald ◽  
David Mastronarde ◽  
Rubai Ding ◽  
Eileen O'Toole ◽  
J. Richard McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Spindle Structure ◽  
Tissue Culture Line

Mammalian spindles are generally large and may contain over a thousand microtubules (MTs). For this reason they are difficult to reconstruct in three dimensions and many researchers have chosen to study the smaller and simpler spindles of lower eukaryotes. Nevertheless, the mammalian spindle is used for many experimental studies and it would be useful to know its detailed structure.We have been using serial cross sections and computer reconstruction methods to analyze MT distributions in mitotic spindles of PtK cells, a mammalian tissue culture line. Images from EM negatives are digtized on a light box by a Dage MTI video camera containing a black and white Saticon tube. The signal is digitized by a Parallax 1280 graphics device in a MicroVax III computer. Microtubules are digitized at a magnification such that each is 10-12 pixels in diameter.

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