Structural and Evolutionary Genomics: Natural Selection in Genome Evolution

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Genomics

scholarly journals Tracking evolutionary trends towards increasing complexity: a case study in Cyanobacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Moya ◽  
José L. Oliver ◽  
Miguel Verdú ◽  
Luis Delaye ◽  
Vicente Arnau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Evolutionary Trends ◽  
Genome Complexity ◽  
Environmental Interactions

AbstractProgressive evolution, the tendency towards increasing complexity, is a controversial issue in Biology, whose resolution requires a proper measurement of complexity. Genomes are the best entities to address this challenge, as they record the history and information gaining of organisms in their ongoing biotic and environmental interactions. Using six metrics of genome complexity, none of which is primarily associated to biological function, we measure genome complexity in 91 genomes from the phylum Cyanobacteria. Several phylogenetic analyses reveal the existence of progressive evolution towards higher genome complexity: 1) all the metrics detect strong phylogenetic signals; 2) ridge regressions detect positive trends towards higher complexity; and 3) classical proofs for progressive evolution (the minimum, the ancestor-descendent and the sub-clade tests), show that some of these positive trends are driven, being mainly due to natural selection. These findings support the existence of progressive genome evolution in this ancient and diverse group of organisms.

Avoiding Attack

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. Ruxton ◽  
William L. Allen ◽  
Thomas N. Sherratt ◽  
Michael P. Speed
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Evolutionary Genomics ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Warning Signals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
New Research

Avoiding Attack discusses the diversity of mechanisms by which prey avoid predator attacks and explores how such defensive mechanisms have evolved through natural selection. It considers how potential prey avoid detection, how they make themselves unprofitable to attack, how they communicate this status, and how other species have exploited these signals. Using carefully selected examples of camouflage, mimicry, and warning signals drawn from a wide range of species and ecosystems, the authors summarize the latest research into these fascinating adaptations, developing mathematical models where appropriate and making recommendations for future study.This second edition has been extensively rewritten, particularly in the application of modern genetic research techniques which have transformed our recent understanding of adaptations in evolutionary genomics and phylogenetics. The book also employs a more integrated and systematic approach, ensuring that each chapter has a broader focus on the evolutionary and ecological consequences of anti-predator adaptation. The field has grown and developed considerably over the last decade with an explosion of new research literature, making this new edition timely.

scholarly journals The Arabidopsis thaliana mobilome and its impact at the species level

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Quadrana ◽  
Amanda Bortolini Silveira ◽  
George F Mayhew ◽  
Chantal LeBlanc ◽  
Robert A Martienssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Sequencing Data

Transposable elements (TEs) are powerful motors of genome evolution yet a comprehensive assessment of recent transposition activity at the species level is lacking for most organisms. Here, using genome sequencing data for 211 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions taken from across the globe, we identify thousands of recent transposition events involving half of the 326 TE families annotated in this plant species. We further show that the composition and activity of the 'mobilome' vary extensively between accessions in relation to climate and genetic factors. Moreover, TEs insert equally throughout the genome and are rapidly purged by natural selection from gene-rich regions because they frequently affect genes, in multiple ways. Remarkably, loci controlling adaptive responses to the environment are the most frequent transposition targets observed. These findings demonstrate the pervasive, species-wide impact that a rich mobilome can have and the importance of transposition as a recurrent generator of large-effect alleles.

Natural selection and "sudden death."

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
David Chiszar ◽  
Karlana Carpen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Sudden Death

The Natural Selection of Minds

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Rychlak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Selection Of
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