Fungal and bacterial enzyme activities in  Alnus nepalensis  D. Don

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of age and diet (breast milk, formula milk and weaning diet) on metabolic activities in faecal samples from infants aged 1 week to 1 year, and to compare these findings with activities found in samples from adults. Such activities can provide valuable information on functional changes in the microbiota that may have significance for the health of the host. Fresh faecal samples were collected from forty-four breast-fed infants (twenty-four males, twenty females) and thirteen formula-fed infants (three males, ten females) throughout the first year of life. The samples were analysed for protein-breakdown products, including the faecal concentrations of NH3, phenol and p-cresol, and faecal bacterial enzyme activities. There was wide individual variation in all variables measured; however, the values in infants were substantially lower then those found in adults. In pre-weaned infants, faecal NH3 concentration and β-glucuronidase activity were the only endpoints that were significantly different in breast-fed and formula-fed infants (P<0·001 and P<0·05 respectively). This was not apparent after weaning. There was a significant difference between the breast-fed and formula-fed weaned groups and their pre-weaned counterparts only for NH3 (P<0·05). β-Glucuronidase activity and phenol concentration were significantly (P<0·01) greater in weaned breast-fed infants compared with pre-weaned breast-fed infants. No differences were observed between pre-weaned and weaned formula-fed infants for any of the variables except for NH3 concentration. It can be concluded from the present study that there are significant differences in two faecal characteristics between breast- and formula-fed infants and that changes occur as the infants grow older and are weaned onto solid foods.

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Identification on Histamine Content and Histamin-Forming Bacteria of Boiled Badeng Slender Tuna

Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia ◽

10.17844/jphpi.v17i2.8698 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuliana Syalviana Fatuni ◽

Ruddy - Suwandi ◽

Agoes Mardiono Jacoeb

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activities ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Histamine Content ◽

Test Results ◽

Microbiological Test ◽

Activity Test ◽

Bacterial Enzyme ◽

Histamine Formation ◽

Rapid Formation ◽

Identification Of Bacteria

Pindang is a semi-dried product which relatively short lasting products. Due to the rapid formation of histamine and bacterial enzyme activities contained in the fish, it is necessary to study and identify the histamine levels either on fresh tuna or in its pindang. This study aims to analyze histamine and histamine-forming bacteria in processed pindang tuna (A. rochei). Fresh tuna (A. rochei) was obtained from TPI Cisolok Palabuhanratu. The fish was processed according to pindang badeng method (20% salt added, boiled for 8 hours). The product then stored at room temperature and observed for 0,8,16,24 and 32 hours. Analysis were conducted through chemical (histamine and TVB) and microbiological test (TPC, identification of bacteria, histamine levels in bacteria). The results showed that the stored pindang for 32 hours can reactivate the production of histamine and increase their levels significantly. This is consistent with the increase on the value of TVB and TPC in pindang products. Six types of histamine-forming bacteria found on pindang tuna that are P. vulgaris, H. alvei, M. Morganii, E. aerogenes, K. oxytoca, K. pneumoniae. Activity test results showed that K. pneumoniae and H. alvei form the highest and the lowest levels of histamine formation respectively.<br />Keywords: Histamine, bacterial, boiled tuna (Auxis rochei)

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Fecal Bacterial Enzyme Activities in Infants Increase with Age and Adoption of Adult-Type Diet

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition ◽

10.1097/00005176-199709000-00012 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 312-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

H. Mykkänen ◽

J. Tikka ◽

T. Pitkänen ◽

O. Hänninen

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activities ◽

Adult Type ◽

Bacterial Enzyme

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Variations in faecal bacterial enzyme activities and associations with bowel function and diet in elderly subjects

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.00454.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 37-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Mykkänen ◽

Laiho ◽

Salminen

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activities ◽

Bowel Function ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Bacterial Enzyme

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Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 on Intestinal Bacterial Enzyme Activities in the Prevention of Cancer, Atherosclerosis and Dysbiosis

Acta veterinaria ◽

10.1515/acve-2016-0026 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 294-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Emília Hijová ◽

Jozef Kuzma ◽

Ladislav Strojný ◽

Alojz Bomba ◽

Izabela Bertková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Probiotic Strain ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Glucuronidase Activity ◽

Bacterial Enzyme ◽

Prevention Of Cancer

Abstract The effect of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 on intestinal bacterial enzyme activities – β-glucuronidase (β-GLUCUR), β-galactosidase (β-GAL), and β-glucosidase (β-GLU) in the prevention of cancer, atherosclerosis and dysbiosis was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 12 experimental groups: C (control group), AT (atherosclerotic group), CC (carcinogenic group), and then each group in combination with antibiotics and probiotics individually and each group in double combination on antibiotic and probiotic. In the control group the β-glucuronidase activity did not change throughout the experiment. High fat diet in the atherosclerotic group significantly increased the activity of β-glucuronidase (p<0.001) and β-glucosidase (p<0.01). Azoxymethane application in the carcinogenic group significantly increased β-glucuronidase (p<0.01), but reduced β-glucosidase (p<0.01). Daily application of probiotics individually and in double combination with antibiotics increased the activity of β-galactosidase, and β-glucosidase, and positively decreased the level of β-glucuronidase. In the control antibiotic group β-glucuronidase was significantly increased (p<0.05), and β-glucosidase decreased (p<0.01) which can be caused by a change of microflora in favor of coliform bacteria. These finding indicate the positive effects of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 which allows its use in disease prevention in human and veterinary medicine.

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