Circumferential debris seal for pinned joints

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 12
Keyword(s):  
Pinned Joints

Rainwater effect on bearing strength of glass–epoxy laminated composite pinned joints

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (30) ◽  
pp. 4269-4278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Sayman ◽  
Ümran Esendemir
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Failure Load ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Specimen Width ◽  
Bearing Load ◽  
Pinned Joints

Composite materials are used in areas that have varying environmental conditions due to their advantages such as generally higher stiffness- and strength-to-weight ratio, and corrosion resistance compared to metallic alloys. This experimental study is carried out to investigate the bearing strengths and failure modes of woven glass–epoxy composite pinned joints subjected to rainwater. The specimens were immersed in rainwater in a closed plastic container indoors for 20 month periods at room temperature. The ratio of edge-distance-to-hole diameter (E/D) and the ratio of the specimen width-to-hole-diameter (W/D) were selected as parameters. Failure modes were determined by observing the failure regions on the specimens. Damage of immersed and unimmersed specimens was examined using scanning electron misroscopy for the same failure load. Experimental results showed that the bearing load values obtained from the specimens immersed in rainwater decreased in comparison to unimmersed specimens.

scholarly journals Tensegrity Informed Observations in Human Cadaveric Studies - A Clinical Anatomists Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Sharkey
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Human Form ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Mechanical Models ◽  
Functional Operation ◽  
And Function ◽  
Pinned Joints

19th century anatomy took a systematic, uniform approach as efforts were made to give each anatomical structure a precise description. Concerning red contractile proteins observed within a gastor, descriptive words provided little or no information concerning the anatomy or physiology of such structures. Latin names were provided describing shape (i.e. trapezius), size (i.e. maximus), number (i.e. quadriceps) and anatomical location (i.e. posterior) but did little to inform learners concerning a global view of human form and function. Such a reductionist view concerning muscles was delineated by their assumed tendonous origin/insertion attachment to bone. Bespoke human dissections performed on embalmed cadavers, embracing a (bio)tensegrity focus, provides innovative insights concerning the topics of human anatomy, form and function. Such dissection shifts attention away from the solely mechanistic observations made since the time of Erasistratus (ca. 290 BC) and Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608-1679) which led to nebulous interpretations and isolated “parts”. Long held concepts such as muscle origins and insertions are not supported as factual evidenced by biotensegrity focused dissections. Borelli’s explanations of human movement, based on man-made objects, included wheels, clocks, watches and two-bar pinned joints. Mechanical models require construction materials such as 1st, 2nd and 3rd class levers, pulley systems with pins and screws for functional operation. Embryology does not require surgical intervention to attach an upper or lower limb, a liver, spleen or blood vessel. The embryo grows and develops such structures in a temporal sequalae orchestrated by the forces and the environment wherein it emerges. To-date it has been averred that the human body is a combination of ‘parts’ comprising of levers and pinned-joints. This observational-based report offers anatomically accurate cadaveric imagery supporting a paradigm shift in human anatomy moving towards a model dependent reality of continuity and wholeness, “Biotensegrity-Anatomy for the 21st century”.

scholarly journals Failure Analysis of Composite Pinned Joints Based on Continuum Damage Mechanics

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-855
Author(s):  
Hongliang Tuo ◽  
Xiaoping Ma ◽  
Zhixian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Continuum Damage Mechanics ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Fracture Plane ◽  
Continuum Damage ◽  
Bearing Strength ◽  
Matrix Damage ◽  
Pinned Joints

The paper conducted bearing tests on composite pinned joints with four different stacking sequences. The bearing strength and bearing chord stiffness were obtained. The influence of stacking sequences on failure modes, bearing strength and bearing chord stiffness was discussed. Based on continuum damage mechanics, a three-dimensional finite element model of composite pinned joint under bearing load was built, where the maximum strain criterion was employed for initiation and bi-liner damage constitutive relation for revolution of fiber damage, while the physical-based Puck criterion was used for matrix damage initiation, and matrix damage revolution depended on the effective strain on the fracture plane. The failure mode, bearing strength and bearing chord stiffness of composite pinned joint were discussed with this model under which the non-linear shear behavior and in-situ strength effects were considered. Good agreements between test results and numerical simulations validates the accuracy and applicability of the finite element model.

Application of the point stress criterion to the failure of composite pinned joints

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1829-1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A. Whitworth ◽  
O. Aluko ◽  
N.A. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Stress Criterion ◽  
Pinned Joints
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