scholarly journals X-ray dark field imaging: a tool for early diagnosis of emphysema in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. e691-e692
Author(s):  
Sundaresh Ram ◽  
MeiLan K Han
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dark Field Imaging ◽  
Field Imaging

Point-of-Care COPD Diagnostics: Biomarkers, Sampling, Paper-based Analytical Devices, and Perspectives

The Analyst ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhen He ◽  
Tao Dong ◽  
Zhaochu Yang ◽  
Are Branstad ◽  
Lan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Third

Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become the third leading causes of global death. Insufficiency in early-diagnosis and treatment of COPD, especially COPD exacerbation, leads to tremendous economic burden and...

scholarly journals Canadian Thoracic Society Recommendations for Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – 2003

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl a) ◽  
pp. 11A-33A ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis E O’donnell ◽  
Shawn Aaron ◽  
Jean Bourbeau ◽  
Paul Hernandez ◽  
Darcy D Marciniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Comprehensive Management

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common cause of disability and death in Canada. Moreover, morbidity and mortality from COPD continue to rise and the economic burden is enormous. The main goal of the Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) Evidence-Based Guidelines is to optimize early diagnosis, prevention and management of COPD in Canada. Targeted spirometry is strongly recommended to expedite early diagnosis in smokers and exsmokers who develop respiratory symptoms, and who are at risk for COPD. Smoking cessation remains the single most effective intervention to reduce the risk of COPD and to slow its progression. Education, especially self-management plans, are key interventions in COPD. Therapy should be escalated in accordance with the increasing severity of symptoms and disability. Long acting anticholinergics and beta2-agonist inhalers should be prescribed for patients who remain symptomatic despite short-acting bronchodilator therapy. Inhaled steroids should not be used as first line therapy in COPD, but have a role in preventing exacerbations in patients with more advanced disease who suffer recurrent exacerbations. Management strategies consisting of combined modern pharmacotherapy and nonpharmacotherapeutic interventions (eg, pulmonary rehabilitation/exercise training) can effectively improve symptoms, activity levels, and quality of life, even in patients with severe COPD. Acute exacerbations of COPD cause significant morbidity and mortality and should be treated promptly with bronchodilators and a short course of oral steroids; antibiotics should be prescribed for purulent exacerbations. Patients with advanced COPD and respiratory failure require a comprehensive management plan that incorporates structured end-of-life care.

Prevalência de sarcopenia na Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica: revisão sistemática

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-578
Author(s):  
Kelly Roberta Souza Andrade Caria ◽  
Fernanda Warken Rosa Camelier ◽  
Natasha Cordeiro ◽  
Airton Moreira ◽  
Bárbara Silva dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Para Determinar

INTRODUÇÃO: DPOC está associada a um processo inflamatório sistêmico que pode causar sarcopenia, redução da função e massa muscular, embora sua frequência e intensidade não seja completamente conhecida em portadores dessa enfermidade. OBJETIVO: descrever a prevalência e métodos de identificação da sarcopenia na DPOC através de uma revisão sistemática. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática utilizando a metodologia PICO e palavras-chave (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Sarcopenia). Foram incluídos estudos publicados que estimaram a prevalência de sarcopenia na DPOC. Excluídos aqueles cujo método não detalhou o diagnóstico da sarcopenia. RESULTADOS: A pesquisa resultou inicialmente em 897 artigos. Desses, 877 foram excluídos, sendo 20 selecionados (15 transversais, cinco longitudinais, um caso/controle). As amostras variaram de 57 a 2.582 participantes, a maioria (70%) conduzida em ambulatório. Um estudo foi de base populacional. A idade média foi de 66 anos. A prevalência de sarcopenia na DPOC variou (4,4% a 86,5%). Os métodos diagnósticos utilizados para determinar massa muscular foram o Dual X-ray Absorptiometry, a bioimpedância e as equações de referência. A força muscular foi estimada utilizando-se a preensão manual em dinamômetros portáteis ou a flexão/extensão do joelho através do dinamômetro isocinético. A capacidade funcional foi avaliada pelo teste de caminhada dos seis minutos ou através do teste de velocidade da marcha. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de sarcopenia na DPOC encontrada nos estudos (4,4 a 86,5%) é muito variável. Influenciada não somente pela característica do paciente, mas também pelo local, delineamento e método diagnóstico utilizado. Uma padronização de métodos parece ser necessária para se uniformizar condutas na literatura.

scholarly journals The influence of body composition assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry on functional capacity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Gualberto Ruas ◽  
Gabriel Gomes Ribeiro ◽  
Juliane Moreira Naves ◽  
Mauricio Jamami
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
X Ray

INTRODUCTION: The individual with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can experience a significant reduction of body composition, peripheral muscle dysfunction, resulting in a negative influence on functional capacity. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the influence of body composition assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry on functional capacity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven male patients with COPD (COPDG), seven presenting moderate obstruction and four severe, and 11 sedentary male subjects (CG) were evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to assess their body composition. All subjects also performed the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and Step Test (6MST) to assess their functional capacity. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between groups for anthropometric data such as age, weight, height and body mass index (BMI). However, the COPDG presented Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (MVV), Walked Distance (WD) and Number of Steps (NS) significantly lower than the CG (p < 0.05, Student's t-test). The Body Bone Mass (BBM), BBM%, Lean Mass (LM), LM%, and Right Lower Limb (RLL) and Left Lower Limb (LLL) were significantly lower in the COPDG when compared with the CG, presenting statistically significant positive correlations with 6MWT's WD and 6MST's NS (p < 0.05, Pearson's test). CONCLUSION: We conclude that body composition is an important prognostic factor for patients with COPD, which reinforces the importance of assessing body composition by dual-energy absorptiometry since it has demonstrated with satisfactory accuracy in clinical practice. Moreover, it is a useful parameter for evaluation and reassessment in pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

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