Changes in body mass index and risk of adolescent psychopathology: a longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
I. Cotter ◽  
C. Healy ◽  
R. King ◽  
DR. Cotter ◽  
M. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Background. Abnormal body mass index (BMI) has been associated with development of psychopathology. This association in children is well documented, for both overweight and underweight children. However, the association between change in BMI and the development of psychopathology has been less investigated. Aim. To investigate the association between change in BMI between childhood and adolescence and psychopathology in adolescence. Methods. Data from the Growing Up in Ireland cohort were used. We investigated the ’98 cohort (also known as the child cohort) at age 9/13. BMI, defined using internationally recognised definitions as underweight, healthy or overweight, was used as the exposure, and abnormal Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire scores were used as the outcome. Logistic regression was undertaken for the analysis. All analyses were adjusted for confounders. Results. A change to overweight from healthy BMI was significantly associated with increased risk of psychopathology (adjusted OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.19–2.32). Both change from underweight to healthy (adjusted OR 0.12; 95% CI 0.03–0.43) or from overweight to healthy (adjusted OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.79–0.8) was associated with a significantly reduced risk of developing psychopathology. Discussion. As a child’s BMI returns to within the healthy range, their risk of adolescent psychopathology is reduced. Interventions to restore healthy BMI, in both underweight and overweight, children may reduce their risk of adolescent psychopathology.

scholarly journals Maternal Distress during Pregnancy and Offspring Childhood Overweight

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Glejsted Ingstrup ◽  
Camilla Schou Andersen ◽  
Teresa Adeltoft Ajslev ◽  
Pernille Pedersen ◽  
Thorkild I. A. Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Maternal Distress ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background. Maternal distress during pregnancy increases the intrauterine level of glucocorticoids, which may have long-term health consequences for the child.Objective. To examine if distress as a combined measure of anxiety, depression, and stress of the mother during pregnancy was associated with offspring childhood overweight at age 7.Methods. We performed a cohort study using prospective data from 37,764 women and child dyads from the Danish National Birth Cohort (1996–2002). At a telephone interview at approximately 30 weeks gestation, the women reported whether they felt anxious, depressed, or stressed. The 95 percentile for body mass index in an international reference defined childhood overweight at any given age. Logistic regression was used for the analyses.Results. The prevalence of overweight children at 7 years of age was 9.9%. Prenatal exposure to maternal distress during pregnancy was not associated with childhood overweight at 7 years of age (adjusted OR 1.06 (95% CI 0.96; 1.18)). In analyses stratified on sex, a small tendency of overweight was seen in boys (OR 1.15 (0.99; 1.33)), but not in girls (OR 0.98 (0.85; 1.13)).Conclusions. Maternal distress during pregnancy appeared to have limited, if any, influence on the risk of overweight in offspring at 7 years of age.

Cognitive Decline, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference in Community-Dwelling Elderly Participants

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Mario Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Emily Danies ◽  
José Martínez-Ortega ◽  
William C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and BMI and WC changes over time with cognitive decline in a nationally representative sample. Methods: A total of 5239 participants (≥65 years) were followed for 3 years as part of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to model the risk of cognitive decline. Results: BMI, after adjusting for WC and main confounders, was associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline (hazard ratio [HR] 0.97 for each unit BMI increase, 0.95-0.99). After stratifying by gender and age, this effect remained significant among females and young elders ≤80 years. A BMI decrease and WC increase >10% over the study period were associated with increased risk of cognitive decline (HR 1.98, 1.16-3.38; HR 1.30, 1.04-1.62, respectively). Conclusion: In the elderly individuals, lean mass, as measured by BMI adjusted for WC, was associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline. Loss of lean mass and gain of fat mass, as measured by WC adjusted for BMI, were associated with elevated risk of cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Higher blood high density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A1 levels are associated with reduced risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2021-327133
Author(s):  
Alexander G Thompson ◽  
Kevin Talbot ◽  
Martin R Turner
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Reduced Risk

BackgroundPremorbid body mass index, physical activity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease have been associated with an altered risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). There is evidence of shared genetic risk between ALS and lipid metabolism. A very large prospective longitudinal population cohort permits the study of a range of metabolic parameters and the risk of subsequent diagnosis of ALS.MethodsThe risk of subsequent ALS diagnosis in those enrolled prospectively to the UK Biobank (n=502 409) was examined in relation to baseline levels of blood high and low density lipoprotein (HDL, LDL), total cholesterol, total cholesterol:HDL ratio, apolipoproteins A1 and B (apoA1, apoB), triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and creatinine, plus self-reported exercise and body mass index.ResultsControlling for age and sex, higher HDL (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.96, p=0.010) and apoA1 (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.94, p=0.005) were associated with a reduced risk of ALS. Higher total cholesterol:HDL was associated with an increased risk of ALS (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.31, p=0.006). In models incorporating multiple metabolic markers, higher LDL or apoB was associated with an increased risk of ALS, in addition to a lower risk with higher HDL or apoA. Coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and increasing age were also associated with an increased risk of ALS.ConclusionsThe association of HDL, apoA1 and LDL levels with risk of ALS contributes to an increasing body of evidence that the premorbid metabolic landscape may play a role in pathogenesis. Understanding the molecular basis for these changes will inform presymptomatic biomarker development and therapeutic targeting.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index- and Waist Circumference-Defined Obesity with the risk of Total Knee Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis: A prospective cohort study 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Z Lim ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Flavia M Cicuttini ◽  
Graham G Giles ◽  
Stephen Graves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Background: There is a discordance in classification of obesity when defined by body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC). We aimed to examine whether categories of BMI- and WC-defined obesity are differentially associated with the risk of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis.Methods: 38,924 participants from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study with BMI and WC measured at baseline (1990-1994) were included. Obesity status was defined as: not obese (non-obese BMI and non-obese WC); WC-defined obesity only (non-obese BMI and obese WC); BMI-defined obesity only (non-obese WC and obese BMI); and BMI- and WC-defined obesity. The incidence of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis between January 2001 and December 2013 was determined by linking participant records to the National Joint Replacement Registry. Results: Over 11.5±3.1 years follow-up, 1,875 participants underwent total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. Participants with WC-defined obesity only (HR=1.79, 95%CI 1.51-2.53), BMI-defined obesity only (HR=2.39, 95%CI 2.02-2.84), and BMI- and WC-defined obesity (HR=3.14, 95%CI 2.82-3.49) had an increased risk of total knee arthroplasty compared with those who were not obese. Conclusions: Individuals with either BMI- or WC-defined obesity should be targeted for prevention of knee osteoarthritis as both are significant predictors for severe osteoarthritis requiring a total knee arthroplasty.

scholarly journals The association between body mass index and severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247023
Author(s):  
Kulapong Jayanama ◽  
Sirawat Srichatrapimuk ◽  
Kanin Thammavaranucupt ◽  
Suppachok Kirdlarp ◽  
Supawadee Suppadungsuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
Underweight Patients

Objectives The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worst pandemic. The clinical characteristics vary from asymptomatic to fatal. This study aims to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) levels and the severity of COVID-19. Methods and study design A cohort study included 147 adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 were categorized into 4 groups by BMI levels on admission: <18.5 (underweight), 18.5–22.9 (normal weight), 23.0–24.9 (overweight), and ≥25.0 kg/m2 (obese). Rates of pneumonia, severe pneumonia, acute kidney injury (AKI), and ICU stay during hospitalization across BMI group was determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between BMI and severe pneumonia. Results Of the totals, patients having a BMI <18.5, 18.5–22.9, 23.0–24.9, and ≥25.0 kg/m2 were 12.9%, 38.1%, 17.7%, and 31.3%, respectively. The rates of pneumonia and severe pneumonia tended to be higher in patients with higher BMI, whereas the rates of AKI and ICU stay were higher in patients with BMI <18.5 kg/m2 and ≥ 25 kg/m2, when compared to patients with normal BMI. After controlling for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia in the logistic regression analysis, having a BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2 was associated with higher risk of severe pneumonia (OR 4.73; 95% CI, 1.50–14.94; p = 0.003) compared to having a BMI 18.5–22.9 kg/m2. During admission, elevated hemoglobin and alanine aminotransferase levels on day 7 and 14 of illness were associated with higher BMI levels. In contrast, rising of serum creatinine levels was observed in underweight patients on days 12 and 14 of illness. Conclusions Obesity in patients with COVID-19 was associated with severe pneumonia and adverse outcomes such as AKI, transaminitis and ICU stay. Underweight patients should be closely monitored for AKI. Further studies in body composition are warranted to explore the links between adiposity and COVID-19 pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Associated Factors and Standard Percentiles of Blood Pressure among the Adolescents of Jahrom City of Iran, 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser Sarikhani ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
Fatemeh Emamghorashi ◽  
Fatemeh Jafari ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Variation Range

Background. High blood pressure in adults is directly correlated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension in childhood and adolescence could be considered among the major causes of this problem in adults. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with hypertension among the adolescents of Jahrom city in Iran and also standard percentiles of blood pressure were estimated for this group.Methods. In this community-based cross-sectional study 983 high school students from different areas of the city were included using a multistage random cluster sampling method in 2014. Blood pressure, weight, and height of each student measured using standard methods. Data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS 16.Results. In total, 498 male and 454 female students were included in this study. Average systolic blood pressure of students was 110.27 mmHg with a variation range of 80.6–151.3. Average diastolic blood pressure was 71.76 mmHg with the variation range of 49.3–105. Results of this study indicated that there was a significant relationship between gender, body mass index, and parental education level with systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the students (P<0.05).Conclusions. Body mass index was one of the most important changeable factors associated with blood pressure in adolescents. Paying attention to this factor in adolescence could be effective in prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index- and Waist Circumference-Defined Obesity with the risk of Total Knee Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis: A prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Z Lim ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Flavia M Cicuttini ◽  
Graham G Giles ◽  
Stephen Graves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Background There is a discordance in classification of obesity when defined by body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC). We aimed to examine whether categories of BMI- and WC-defined obesity are differentially associated with the risk of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. Methods 38,924 participants from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study with BMI and WC measured at baseline (1990-1994) were included. Obesity status was defined as: not obese (non-obese BMI and non-obese WC); WC-defined obesity only (non-obese BMI and obese WC); BMI-defined obesity only (non-obese WC and obese BMI); and BMI- and WC-defined obesity. The incidence of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis between January 2001 and December 2013 was determined by linking participant records to the National Joint Replacement Registry. Results Over 11.5±3.1 years follow-up, 1,875 participants underwent total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. Participants with WC-defined obesity only (HR=1.79, 95%CI 1.51-2.53), BMI-defined obesity only (HR=2.39, 95%CI 2.02-2.84), and BMI- and WC-defined obesity (HR=3.14, 95%CI 2.82-3.49) had an increased risk of total knee arthroplasty compared with those who were not obese. Conclusions Individuals with either BMI- or WC-defined obesity should be targeted for prevention of knee osteoarthritis as both are significant predictors for severe osteoarthritis requiring a total knee arthroplasty.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayoung Choi ◽  
Jung Eun Yoo ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Wonsuk Choi ◽  
Sang Youl Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Results

Although both diabetes mellitus (DM) and underweight are associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (TB), there are limited data evaluating TB risk while considering two factors simultaneously—body mass index (BMI) and DM. A retrospective cohort study was performed with 10,087,903 participants of the Korean National Health Screening Program in 2009. The cohort was followed up to the date of TB incidence, death, or until December 31, 2018. We compared the incidence and risk of TB according to BMI category and DM. During the 7.3-year follow-up duration, the incidence of TB was 0.92 per 1,000 person-years in the normal weight without DM, 2.26 in the normal weight with DM, 1.80 in the underweight without DM, and 5.35 in the underweight with DM. Compared to the normal weight without DM, the normal weight with DM, the underweight without DM, and the underweight with DM showed a 1.51-fold (95% CI, 1.46–1.57), a 2.21-fold (95% CI, 2.14–2.28), and a 3.24-fold (95% CI, 2.95–3.56) increased risk of TB, respectively. However, compared to the normal weight without DM, the severely obese without DM and those with DM showed a 0.37 (95% CI, 0.36–0.38) and a 0.42 (95% CI, 0.36–0.48)-fold decreased risk of TB, respectively. There was no significant joint effect of BMI and DM on the risk of incident TB in the overall population; a synergistic effect of underweight and DM was evident in participants &lt;65 years of age, current smokers, and heavy drinkers. In conclusion, being underweight or DM individually increases the risk of incident TB. Based on our study results, a focused screening of incident TB in patients with DM may be beneficial.

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