Morphological Features and Markedness in the Old French Noun Declension

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Old French ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Adjectival Inflection

In the evolution of morphological studies, morphological features and markedness have come to play increasingly important rôles. Feature notation in morphology allows the development of the notion of natural morphological class, renders explicit much of the internal structure of paradigms and permits the exploitation, suitably adapted, of many of the results obtained in phonology. Markedness considerations, particularly when linked to general theories of morphology, again highlight morphological structure, constrain the variety of permitted analyses, and indicate, at least in part, the expected direction of historical change. In the sections to follow, I will present an analysis of Old French nominal and adjectival inflection which makes key use of morphological features and the differences between the marked and unmarked values of these features. This study will be particularly concerned with constraining the morphological analysis of Old French and conversely, with using Old French data to investigate more general properties of morphological systems.

scholarly journals Formation of functional-role communication clusters based on morphological features of the verbal context

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 15007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Meshkov ◽  
Natalia Kochkovaya ◽  
Irina Usova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Average Data ◽  
Definition Of

This work combines two approaches to the definition of the author’s style: statistical and linguistic (method of morphological analysis). The average data of the authors obtained on the basis of statisticalmorphological analysis are taken as an indications vector. The article shows that this technique allows to recognize the author’s style of the work with sufficient accuracy, on an average about 88 percent. It is shown that the closest measure of proximity to this technique is the Euclid distance. The prospects for the development of this approach areoutlined.

scholarly journals Techno-morphological features of items made of antler from the site near the village of Michnievičy (north-western Belarus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Anna Andreevna Malyutina ◽  
Aleksandr Nikolaevich Vashanov ◽  
Mariya Ivanovna Tkacheva ◽  
Evgenia Sergeevna Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Village ◽  
North Western ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents the results of a techno-morphological analysis of items made of antler obtained as a result of the collections from the 1960s-1990s from the site near the village of Michnievičy Smorgon District of the Grodno Region (north-western Belarus). Currently, more than 100 artifacts are known from this site, as well as a large number of fauna residues with no visible traces of processing. Radiocarbon dating was obtained for some categories of products, which link them to 9-2 thousand BC. The largest part of the collection refers to the period of the Mesolithic - Neolithic. At the first stage of work, the most expressive and numerous group of artifacts made of horn (24 exemplars), stored in the fonds of the Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, was selected for a techno-morphological analysis. The degree of preservation of the external surface of objects is relatively good, which made it possible to analyze macro-traces related to the technology of manufacturing various categories of products, on the basis of which a process flow was proposed - from the selection of raw materials to the finished product. The analysis of the technological traces recorded on the products allowed us to highlight the differences in the manufacturing processes of the oldest tools. In addition, on the basis of the macro signs of utilitarian wear, preliminary observations on the functional using of objects were obtained. According to technological and morphological features, the whole of the analyzed material was divided into conditional categories of instruments with a selected heel and without it. The presence or absence of this element, apparently, influenced the method of using objects in various household situations.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular identifications of three native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of Elaeis guineensis and Jatropha curcas in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Viva Rini ◽  
Fitri Yelli ◽  
Darwin Leonardo Tambunan ◽  
Inggar Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Morphological Studies

Abstract. Rini MV, Yelli F, Tambunan DL, Damayanti I. 2021. Morphological and molecular identifications of three native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of Elaeis guineensis and Jatropha curcas in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4940-4947. Molecular analysis has been widely used to provide more accurate identification within arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species than identification based on morphology. However, morphological analysis is essential for a basic preliminary of classification studies. Therefore, a study is needed to complete the identification of AMF isolates through morphological and molecular analyses. This research used three AMF isolates, namely MV 5, MV 17, and MV 18, which were isolated from Indonesian agricultural land. Spore-based taxonomy (shape, size, color, ornamentation, PVLG, and Melzer’s reaction) and fungal colonization on roots of maize trap plants were employed for the morphological studies. AMF species identification was performed using molecular analysis through nested-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify a fragment of SSU rRNA followed by sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction. Morphological analysis showed that MV 5 had spores borne from the neck of the sporiferous saccule, MV 17 was found to have a bulbous suspensor without a germination shield, and MV 18 had spores borne from subtending hyphae. The SSUR rRNA analysis revealed that MV 5, MV 15, and MV 18 were identified as Acaulospora longula, Gigaspora margarita, and Glomus etunicatum, respectively. Both morphological and molecular methods demonstrated reliable and consistent results that complement AMF taxonomy studies.

scholarly journals Features of the morphological structure of the placenta in pregnant women with preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Volodymyr I. Chermak ◽  
Ihor I. Chermak ◽  
Chukwuanyinonso O. Ikeotuonye ◽  
Anatolii Ya. Senchuk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basic Group ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

To study morphological features of the placenta in women in labor, pregnancy which complicated by preeclampsia we studied 26 placentae, of which 17 were from pregnant women with mild to moderate preeclampsia (basic group) and 9 from healthy women (control group). Histologically the study was conducted with methodically recommendations of T.D. Zadorozhnaya et al. for light microscopy. During the study of morphological features of the placenta in women in labor with preeclampsia were installed morphological changes in the placenta, which reflect a tendency to develop compensatory-adaptive reactions following their stress and exhaustion, which is a sign of placental insufficiency. Received data allow claiming a high frequency of development placental insufficiency in pregnant women with risk factors such as chronic salpingo-oophoritis, anemia, late preeclampsia, and inflammation diseases kidney.

scholarly journals Gross morphological features of plexus brachialis in the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cevik-Demirkan ◽  
V. Ozdemir ◽  
I. Demirkan ◽  
I. Turkmenoglu
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Plexus Brachialis ◽  
Nerve Branch ◽  
Long Thoracic Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Teres Minor

This study documents the detailed features of the morphological structure and the innervation areas of the plexus brachialis in the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). The animals (5 female and 5 male) were euthanased with ketamine hydrocloride and xylazine hydrocloride combination, 60 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg, respectively. Skin, muscles and nerves were dissected under a stereo-microscope. The brachial plexus of the chinchilla is formed by rami ventrales of C5-C8, T1 and T2, and possesses a single truncus. The subscapular nerve is formed by the rami of the spinal nerves originating from C6 (one thin ramus) and C7 (one thick and 2 thin rami). These nerves innervate the subscapular and teres minor muscles. The long thoracic nerve, before joining with the brachial plexus, obtains branches from C6 and C7 in 5 cadavers (3 male, 2 female), from C7 in 4 cadavers (2 male, 2 female) and from C6-C8 in only 1 female cadaver. These nerves disperse in variable combinations to form the extrinsic and intrinstic named, nerves of the thoracic limb. An undefined nerve branch originates from the rami ventrales of C7, C8 and T1 spinal nerves enter the coracobrachial muscle.

Word and Paradigm Morphology

2018 ◽  
pp. 264-284
Author(s):  
James P. Blevins ◽  
Farrell Ackerman ◽  
Rob Malouf
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Morphological Organization ◽  
External Organization ◽  
Morphological System ◽  
Morphological Patterns

There has been a broad resurgence in word-based approaches and the reconceptualization of classical ‘word and paradigm’ (WP) approaches as general models of morphological analysis. WP models are well adapted to the description and analysis of complex morphological patterns, most transparently clear in inflection. Modern WP models demonstrate how morphological organization is fundamentally implicational: the central role of words (and paradigms) reflects their predictive value in a morphological system. Understanding the nature of morphological organization, within and across languages, requires exploration of the fundamental elements of implicational relations. Descriptively this involves identifying the internal structure of words and the ways this structure facilitates an external organization into patterns of relatedness. Theoretically, it is necessary to identify analytic tools appropriate for specifying and quantifying word-internal and word-external organization. This type of analytic approach encourages the investigation of the types of learning theories that may play a role in determining the patterns observed to occur and thereby help to explain their learnability.

The Structure of the Lexicon

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Salmons
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Lexical Structure

Data from language acquisition, psycholinguistics, and diachronic studies have all shown that the lexicon has a clear internal structure, which includes relationships among lexical items based on phonetic and phonological characteristics, semantic features, morphology, and frequency of use. In the absence, however, of direct evidence from grammar, such lexical structure has even recently been deemed irrelevant to linguistic theory. In this paper, I use evidence from German grammar, specifically gender assignment, to support a model of lexical structure like that proposed particularly within Natural Morphology. German gender assignment has been shown to be largely predictable on the basis of phonological shape (e.g. final and initial segments or clusters), semantic features, and morphological features — all factors considered to be part of the lexicon's internal structure by Bybee and others. In this way gender assignment reflects lexical structure. Moreover, frequently used vocabulary tends to violate such rules, as Bybee's view of lexical structure would predict. By so doing, German grammar exploits almost exactly the structure of the lexicon which has been proposed based on data from areas other than grammar in its narrow sense.

A new aerophilic species of the genus Diploneis (Bacillariophyta) from the Mawsmai cave of Meghalaya, Northeast India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 443 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
CHINTAN BHATT ◽  
BALASUBRAMANIAN KARTHICK
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new aerophilic species, Diploneis mawsmaii sp. nov., is here described from a speleo-environment. The species is found on mosses growing under the water dripping region of Mawsmai cave, Meghalaya state of India. It is discussed based on detailed light and scanning electron microscopic observations and compared with morphologically similar Diploneis species like D. modica Hustedt, D. modicahassiaca Lange-Bertalot & A. Fuhrmann, D. boldtiana Cleve and D. zula Kulikovskiy & Lange Bertalot. Diploneis mawsmaii possesses distinct morphological features such as a largely expanded central area bearing a prominent circular to oval central nodule and the internal structure exhibiting short striation with acute ends and the flattening of longitudinal canals at the central area. This discovery increases our understanding of cavern biodiversity in the Indo-Burma hotspot region.

Revision of the genus Reddellomyces (Tuberaceae): a combination of molecular and morphological analysis provides insights into species diversity

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 439 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
IMED SBISSI ◽  
IMEN NOUIOUI ◽  
AZIZ TÜRKOGLU ◽  
MOHAMED NEFFATI ◽  
MAHER GTARI
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Acacia Saligna ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Unique Identity ◽  
Semi Arid

The Australian genus Reddellomyces comprises several closely related symbiotic ascomycetes with chambered gleba (solid ptychothecium), ornamented ascospores and cylindrical paraphyses that are sometimes difficult to identify based on morphological aspects. Several Reddellomyces species are spread with their Australian host plants (Eucalyptus and Acacia) worldwide including Mediterranean areas. Specimens of an unusual truffle were collected from Acacia saligna stands in Tunisian semi-arid lands and eucalypt forest of Antalya (Turkey) dominated by E. camaldulensis Dehnh. and E. grandis W. Hill. Based on morphological features, these fungi are affiliated to Reddellomyces genus, differing from other species of the genus mainly based on ascospore size. Further analysis based on nuclear rDNA LSU and ITS and digital RFLP of the ITS sequenced amplicons with selected restriction endonucleases showed the unique identity of Tunisian specimens within the genus Reddellomyces. Our results showed also that at least six Reddellomyces species are present including two unnamed species restricted to Australia.

scholarly journals Orientalism as a form of Confession

2014 ◽  
pp. 193-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Teti
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Broad View ◽  
Power And Resistance ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Regime Of Truth

In addition to being characterised as a ‘regime of truth’, Orientalist discourses also display the general properties of confessional discourses outlined in Foucault’s Will to Knowledge.  The article argues that there is a similarity in the ‘effects of power’ made possible within these frameworks, particular regarding the legitimisation and application of discipline.  Finally, the paper draws out a few implications for the analysis of power and resistance in confessional economies of power.  The perspective this paper provides an insight into the internal structure of Orientalist discourse; connects this structure with Orientalism’s ‘effects of power’; affords purchase on both Orientalism’s organisational and ontogenetic properties; helps explain the persistence of Orientalism – both overt and covert – despite three decades of post-Orientalist scholarship.  In this sense, a confessional perspective on Orientalism affords a broad view of the contemporary politics of truth in which Orientalism plays such as an important part.  Finally, a confessional perspective affords purchase on the nature of power, the formation of subjectivities, and the possibilities of resistance within Orientalist discursive contexts, which Said’s own analysis is often said to lack.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document