scholarly journals Hypersomnia subtypes, sleep and relapse in bipolar disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1751-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Kaplan ◽  
E. L. McGlinchey ◽  
A. Soehner ◽  
A. Gershon ◽  
L. S. Talbot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Excessive Sleepiness ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
Latent Profile

Background.Though poorly defined, hypersomnia is associated with negative health outcomes and new-onset and recurrence of psychiatric illness. Lack of definition impedes generalizability across studies. The present research clarifies hypersomnia diagnoses in bipolar disorder by exploring possible subgroups and their relationship to prospective sleep data and relapse into mood episodes.Method.A community sample of 159 adults (aged 18–70 years) with bipolar spectrum diagnoses, euthymic at study entry, was included. Self-report inventories and clinician-administered interviews determined features of hypersomnia. Participants completed sleep diaries and wore wrist actigraphs at home to obtain prospective sleep data. Approximately 7 months later, psychiatric status was reassessed. Factor analysis and latent profile analysis explored empirical groupings within hypersomnia diagnoses.Results.Factor analyses confirmed two separate subtypes of hypersomnia (‘long sleep’ and ‘excessive sleepiness’) that were uncorrelated. Latent profile analyses suggested a four-class solution, with ‘long sleep’ and ‘excessive sleepiness’ again representing two separate classes. Prospective sleep data suggested that the sleep of ‘long sleepers’ is characterized by a long time in bed, not long sleep duration. Longitudinal assessment suggested that ‘excessive sleepiness’ at baseline predicted mania/hypomania relapse.Conclusions.This study is the largest of hypersomnia to include objective sleep measurement, and refines our understanding of classification, characterization and associated morbidity. Hypersomnia appears to be comprised of two separate subgroups: long sleep and excessive sleepiness. Long sleep is characterized primarily by long bedrest duration. Excessive sleepiness is not associated with longer sleep or bedrest, but predicts relapse to mania/hypomania. Understanding these entities has important research and treatment implications.

scholarly journals A latent profile analysis of the typology of bulimic symptoms in an indigenous Pacific population: evidence of cross-cultural variation in phenomenology

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Thomas ◽  
R. D. Crosby ◽  
S. A. Wonderlich ◽  
R. H. Striegel-Moore ◽  
A. E. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Clinical Impairment ◽  
Latent Profile

BackgroundPrevious efforts to derive empirically based eating disorder (ED) typologies through latent structure modeling have been limited by the ethnic and cultural homogeneity of their study populations and their reliance on DSM-IV ED signs and symptoms as indicator variables.MethodEthnic Fijian schoolgirls (n=523) responded to a self-report battery assessing ED symptoms, herbal purgative use, co-morbid psychopathology, clinical impairment, cultural orientation, and peer influences. Participants who endorsed self-induced vomiting or herbal purgative use in the past 28 days (n=222) were included in a latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify unique subgroups of bulimic symptomatology.ResultsLPA identified a bulimia nervosa (BN)-like class (n=86) characterized by high rates of binge eating and self-induced vomiting, and a herbal purgative class (n=136) characterized primarily by the use of indigenous Fijian herbal purgatives. Both ED classes endorsed greater eating pathology and general psychopathology than non-purging participants, and the herbal purgative class endorsed greater clinical impairment than either the BN-like or non-purging participants. Cultural orientation did not differ between the two ED classes.ConclusionsIncluding study populations typically under-represented in mental health research and broadening the scope of relevant signs and symptoms in latent structure models may increase the generalizability of ED nosological schemes to encompass greater cultural diversity.

scholarly journals Profiles of psychological skill use and their relations with self and coach-rated mental toughness in Thai athletes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Manley ◽  
Chayut Piromsombat ◽  
Somboon Jarukasemthawee ◽  
Kullaya Pisitsungkagarn
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Informant Ratings ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Report Measure ◽  
Latent Profile

We examined two questions relating to athletes use of psychological skills and techniques (PS). First, we consider whether athletes differ in the configuration of PS they use. Second, we examine how PS use is related to both self-reported and informant-rated mental toughness. A sample of 309 elite Thai athletes reported their frequency of PS use in practice and competition settings and completed a self-report measure of mental toughness; coaches provided informant ratings of mental toughness for a subset of athletes. Using latent profile analysis, we replicated previous findings (Ponnusamy, Lines, Zhang, & Gucciardi, 2018) to show that athletes could be best classified in to three subgroups based on their PS use, and these subgroups differed in the relative frequency of their PS use rather than in the specific patterns of PS. Further, we find that mental toughness differed as a function of PS use with higher frequency of PS use associated with higher self-rated mental toughness, and higher coach-ratings of mental toughness. These findings suggest that athletes do not appear to differ in the configurations of PS used and show that PS not only relate to self-perceptions of mental toughness but also to the display of more mentally tough behaviour

Quality of life, functioning and cognition in bipolar disorder and major depression: A latent profile analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Cotrena ◽  
Laura Damiani Branco ◽  
Renata Kochhann ◽  
Flávio Milman Shansis ◽  
Rochele Paz Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Life Functioning ◽  
Latent Profile

A person-centered approach to understanding child temperament at ages 3 and 6

2021 ◽  
pp. 089020702110076
Author(s):  
Mariah T Hawes ◽  
Megan C Finsaas ◽  
Thomas M Olino ◽  
Daniel N Klein
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Child Temperament ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Laboratory Observation ◽  
Temperament Traits ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
Latent Profile

Person-centered analyses, such as latent profile analysis, provide an approach to assessing individual differences in child temperament that aligns with typological theory and is well positioned for translation to applied settings. In a community sample, latent profile analysis was conducted using seven temperament traits assessed through laboratory observation when children were three- and six-years-old. At age 3, a four-class model fit best and subgroups were labeled “typical,” “sluggish,” “surgent,” and “dysregulated,” based on the pattern of class-specific means. A five-class model fit best at age 6 and subgroups were labeled “typical,” “sluggish,” “outgoing,” “active-impulsive” and “negative affect.” Associations between class membership and mother-reported temperament traits, concurrently assessed, were mostly consistent with the class identities. Comparison of subgroup membership across waves generally demonstrated patterns of continuity across groups characterized by similar trait patterns. This paper provides an illustrative guide for temperament researchers in the implementation of latent profile analysis, addressing important methodical considerations. Increased utilization of person-centered approaches like latent profile analysis could lead to important advances in the study of child temperament, such as improved understanding of the continuity of temperamental styles and more targeted risk assessment.

scholarly journals The Big Five Model in Bipolar Disorder: A Latent Profile Analysis and its Impact on Longterm Illness Severity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Ortelbach ◽  
Jonas Rote ◽  
Alice Mai Ly Dingelstadt ◽  
Anna Stolzenburg ◽  
Cornelia Koenig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Illness Severity ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Latent Profile Analyses ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Morbidity Index ◽  
Latent Profile

Abstract Background Using a personality typing approach, we investigated the relationship between personality profiles and the prediction of longterm illness severity in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). While previous research suggests associations between BD and traits from the NEO-FFI profiles, the current study firstly aimed to identify latent classes of NEO-FFI profiles, and, secondly, to examine their impact on the longterm prognosis of BD. Methods Based on the NEO-FFI profiles of 134 euthymic patients diagnosed with BD (64.2% female, mean age = 44.3 years), successive latent profile analyses were conducted. Subsequently, a subsample (n = 80) was examined prospectively by performing multiple regression analysis to evaluate the longitudinal course of the disease (mean: 54.7 weeks) measured using a modified Morbidity Index. Results The latent profile analyses suggested a 3-class model typifying in a resilient (n = 68, 51%), vulnerable (n = 55, 41%) and highly vulnerable (n = 11, 8%) class. In the regression analysis, higher vulnerability predicted a higher longterm Morbidity Index ( R 2 = .28). Conclusions Subgroups of patients with BD share a number of discrete personality features and their illness is characterized by a similar clinical course. This knowledge is valuable in a variety of clinical contexts including early detection, intervention planning and treatment process.

scholarly journals A Latent Profile Analysis to Categorize and Describe Athletes Based on Factors Related to Concussion Disclosure

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Milroy ◽  
Lindsey Sanders ◽  
Brandon Mendenhall ◽  
William B. Dudley ◽  
David Wyrick
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
Reporting Intentions ◽  
Latent Profile

Context Collegiate student-athletes continue competing after experiencing symptoms of a concussion. Self-report of concussion symptoms is a critical element of the recovery process. Identifying factors related to concussion disclosure can aid in encouraging self-reporting. Objective To use latent profile analysis to categorize and describe athletes based on factors related to concussion disclosure. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Web-based survey. Patients or Other Participants A total of 2 881 (52.4% female; 65.3% in-season; 40% collision sport) student-athletes from 16 National Collegiate Athletic Association member institutions. Main Outcome Measure(s) Student-athlete concussion expectations, attitudes, and norms were the profile variables and reporting intentions served as the distal outcome variable. We conducted latent profile analysis using select profile variables to determine the optimal number of classes. Differences in concussion-reporting intentions by profile assignment were then examined. Lastly, the extent to which a student-athlete's sex, season status, and level of contact predicted his or her intentions to report a concussion within each profile was investigated. Results Five unique student-athlete profiles emerged, including 1 profile that was most risky and another that was least risky. Females had significantly higher odds of being in the least risky profile. Those participating in collision sports had significantly higher odds of being in the top 2 most risky profiles. Contact-sport and in-season athletes were less likely to be in the least risky profile. Conclusions With a better understanding of student-athlete profiles, athletic trainers have an opportunity to encourage concussion disclosure. Prompt disclosure would allow student-athletes to begin the return-to-play protocol in a more timely manner.

scholarly journals The Dynamic Universal Profiles of Spiritual Awareness: A Latent Profile Analysis

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Simon Hanseung Choi ◽  
Clayton Hoi-Yun McClintock ◽  
Elsa Lau ◽  
Lisa Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Spiritual Engagement ◽  
Latent Profile

The aim of the current investigation was to identify universal profiles of lived spirituality. A study on a large sample of participants (N = 5512) across three countries, India, China, and the United States, suggested there are at least five cross-cultural phenotypic dimensions of personal spiritual capacity—spiritual reflection and commitment; contemplative practice; perception of interconnectedness; perception of love; and practice of altruism—that are protective against pathology in a community sample and have been replicated in matched clinical and non-clinical samples. Based on the highest frequency combinations of these five capacities in the same sample, we explored potentially dynamic profiles of spiritual engagement. We inductively derived five profiles using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA): non-seeking; socially disconnected; spiritual emergence; virtuous humanist; and spiritually integrated. We also examined, in this cross-sectional data, covariates external to the LPA model which measure disposition towards meaning across two dimensions: seeking and fulfillment, of which the former necessarily precedes the latter. These meaning covariates, in conjunction with cross-profile age differences, suggest the profiles might represent sequential phases along an emergent path of spiritual development. Subsequent regression analyses conducted to predict depression, anxiety, substance-related disorders, and positive psychology based on spiritual engagement profiles revealed the spiritually integrated profile was most protected against psychopathology, while the spiritual emergence profile was at highest risk. While this developmental process may be riddled with struggle, as evidenced by elevated rates of psychopathology and substance use in the intermediate phases, this period is a transient one that necessarily precedes one of mental wellness and resilience—the spiritual development process is ultimately buoyant and protective.

scholarly journals Paranormal Experience Profiles and Their Association With Variations in Executive Functions: A Latent Profile Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Graham Drinkwater ◽  
Neil Dagnall ◽  
Andrew Denovan ◽  
Andrew Parker ◽  
Álex Escolà-Gascón
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Everyday Memory ◽  
Paranormal Experience ◽  
Latent Profile

This study investigated relationships between inter-class variations in paranormal experience and executive functions. A sample of 516 adults completed self-report measures assessing personal encounter-based paranormal occurrences (i.e., Experience, Practitioner Visiting, and Ability), executive functions (i.e., General Executive Function, Working and Everyday Memory, and Decision Making) together with Emotion Regulation and Belief in the Paranormal. Paranormal belief served as a measure of convergent validity for experience-based phenomena. Latent profile analysis (LPA) combined experience-based indices into four classes based on sample subpopulation scores. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) then examined interclass differences. Results revealed that breadth of paranormal experience was associated with higher levels of executive functioning difficulties for General Executive Function, Working Memory, Decision Making, and Belief in the Paranormal. On the Everyday Memory Questionnaire, scores differed on Attention Tracking (focus loss) and Factor 3 (visual reconstruction), but not Retrieval (distinct memory failure). In the case of the Emotion Regulation Scale, class scores varied on Expressive Suppression (control), however, no difference was evident on Cognitive Reappraisal (reframing). Overall, inter-class comparisons identified subtle differences in executive functions related to experience. Since the present study was exploratory, sampled only a limited subset of executive functions, and used subjective, self-report measures, further research is necessary to confirm these outcomes. This should employ objective tests and include a broader range of executive functions.

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