Psychosocial factors that distinguish between men and women who have suicidal thoughts and attempt suicide: findings from a national probability sample of adults

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cara Richardson ◽  
Kathryn A. Robb ◽  
Sally McManus ◽  
Rory C. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Men And Women

Abstract Background Previous research has highlighted the importance of understanding which psychosocial factors distinguish between those with suicide thoughts compared to those who attempt suicide. This study aims to investigate these distinguishing factors further within an ideation-to-action framework and to explore sex differences in suicide risk. Methods Participants (n = 7546, aged 16+) were from the cross-sectional Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS; 2014) of England. Face-to-face and self-completion questionnaires assessed lifetime suicidal ideation, lifetime suicide attempts, demographic characteristics, life experiences, social support, health and mental illness. Multinomial logistic regression examined factors differentiating between those with suicidal ideation only and suicide attempt histories (with or without suicidal ideation) in men and women. Results Overall men were less likely to report suicidal thoughts and attempts, compared to females. More factors differentiated between suicidal thoughts and attempts in women compared to in men; these included hospital admission for mental illness, below degree level qualifications, being single and childhood adversity. In men, factors which significantly differentiated between suicidal thoughts and attempts included self-report of professional diagnosis of mental illness and childhood adversity. Higher levels of social support were associated with being in the suicidal thoughts group v. in the attempts group in men. Conclusion This study identified some key differences between men and women in factors associated with suicide attempts compared to suicidal thoughts. The findings support the use of the ideation-to-action framework to investigate sex differences in suicidal behaviour. Future research should examine the extent to which these factors are associated with suicide risk over time.

scholarly journals Suicidal Thoughts, Behaviors, and Event-Related Potentials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin J. Gallyer ◽  
Sean P. Dougherty ◽  
Kreshnik Burani ◽  
Brian J. Albanese ◽  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

AbstractBackgroundSuicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are thought to be the result, at least in part, of abnormalities in various neural systems. Event-related potentials (ERPs) are a useful method for studying neural activity and can be leveraged to study neural deficits related to STBs; however, it is unknown how effective ERPs are at differentiating various STB groups. The present meta-analysis examined how well ERPs can differentiate (a) those with and without suicidal ideation, (b) those with and without suicide attempts, (c) those with different levels of suicide risk, and (d) differences between those with suicide attempts versus those with suicidal ideation only.MethodOur meta-analysis included 208 effect sizes from 2,517 participants from 27 studies. We used a random-effects meta-analysis using a restricted maximum likelihood estimator with robust variance estimation.ResultsOur qualitative review found that for each ERP and STB combination, the literature is highly mixed. Our meta-analyses found a small-to-moderate relationship between ERPs and suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, suicide risk, and differences in ERPs between those with suicide attempts versus those with suicidal ideation only. We also found evidence that the literature may be suffering from small-sample bias and poor statistical power.ConclusionsOur results suggest that ERPs may complement other approaches, such as fMRI, in the study of the neurobiology of individuals with STBs. However, the current literature is severely underpowered to detect the effect sizes estimated in this meta-analysis. We recommend large-scale collaboration and improvements in measurement practices to combat the issues in this literature.

The Interaction of Personality and Social Support on Prospective Suicidal Ideation in Men and Women With Late-Life Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Manning ◽  
Grace Chan ◽  
David C. Steffens ◽  
Cortnee W. Pierce ◽  
Guy G. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Men And Women

Genetic Counselling in Psychiatric Disorder with High Suicide Risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S101-S101
Author(s):  
D. Cozman ◽  
R. Moldovan ◽  
B. Nemes
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Genetic Counselling ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Past History ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Death Wishes ◽  
Suicidal Plans ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionA better understanding of the genomics of mental illnesses allowed genetic counselling to be provided to individuals with severe mental illness and their families.AimThe present study was aimed at assessing the efficacy of genetic counselling for severe mental illnesses with high suicide risk.MethodAssessment was performed before and after genetic counselling session. Measures used were evaluation of traumatic events in childhood, multidimensional scale for perception of social support (SMSSP), positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS-X), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Paykel questionnaire and Genetic Counselling Outcome Scale (GCOS). Paykel's questionnaire consists of five questions about suicidal thoughts and attempts, including: life-weariness, death wishes, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts. Intervention and assessment lasted approximately one and a half hour. Data from 48 patients was analysed.ResultsMean age of participants was M = 38.4, SD = 9.7, and the group was batter represented by females (57%). The participants had various diagnoses, 22% had schizophrenia, 36% bipolar disorder and 42% recurrent depressive disorder. Forty percent of participants reported suicidal ideation and 22,5% had a past history of suicide attempt. Genetic counselling had a direct positive influence upon GCOS specific items and reduced the Paykel scores among participants presenting with suicidal ideation.ConclusionGenetic counselling offers information about the disorder, the role of genetics and the impact of environmental factors. Preliminary data suggest that providing genetic counselling decreases the suicidal ideation frequency.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychiatric comorbidity and suicide risk in patients with psoriasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S395-S396 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pompili ◽  
M. Innamorati ◽  
D. Erbuto ◽  
A. Costanzo
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

IntroductionPsoriasis has a significant impact on the mental and emotional functioning.ObjectiveIt has been reported that the risk of psychiatric comorbidity increases with the severity of the disorder, and the most frequent associations appear to be those with depression and anxiety.AimsTo analyze the association between psoriasis, mental disorders and suicidal ideation in a sample of patients affected by psoriasis. To investigate the differences between psoriasis patients and patients with other dermatologic diseases.MethodsParticipants were 242 consecutive patients (142 women and 100 men), 112 patients with psoriasis (46.3%), 77 with melanoma (31.8%) and 53 with allergy (21.0%). All patients were administered a structured sociodemographic interview and the following measures: the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A). We also assessed current and previous suicidal ideation and previous suicide attempts.ResultsPatients with psoriasis (compared to other groups of patients) more frequently had a comorbid mood disorder (16.1% vs 3.9% and 0.0%, respectively for patients with melanoma and patients with allergy; χ22 = 14.98; P < 0.001), past suicidal ideation (33.9% vs 15.6% and 18.9%, respectively for patients with melanoma and patients with allergy; χ22 = 2.05; P < 0.01) and attempts (6.3% vs 0.0% and 0.0%, for the other groups of patients; χ22 = 8.37; P < 0.05). Patients with psoriasis reported higher HAM-D scores than melanoma patients.ConclusionsThe clinical evaluation of patients with psoriasis should include the assessment of psychiatric comorbidities and the routinely assessment of suicide risk.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Examining the effect of smoking on suicidal ideation and attempts: triangulation of epidemiological approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Harrison ◽  
Marcus R. Munafò ◽  
George Davey Smith ◽  
Robyn E. Wootton
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Mendelian Randomisation ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Smoking Behaviours

BackgroundPrevious literature has demonstrated a strong association between cigarette smoking, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. This association has not previously been examined in a causal inference framework and could have important implications for suicide prevention strategies.AimsWe aimed to examine the evidence for an association between smoking behaviours (initiation, smoking status, heaviness, lifetime smoking) and suicidal thoughts or attempts by triangulating across observational and Mendelian randomisation analyses.MethodFirst, in the UK Biobank, we calculated observed associations between smoking behaviours and suicidal thoughts or attempts. Second, we used Mendelian randomisation to explore the relationship between smoking and suicide attempts and ideation, using genetic variants as instruments to reduce bias from residual confounding and reverse causation.ResultsOur observational analysis showed a relationship between smoking behaviour, suicidal ideation and attempts, particularly between smoking initiation and suicide attempts (odds ratio, 2.07; 95% CI 1.91–2.26; P < 0.001). The Mendelian randomisation analysis and single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis, however, did not support this (odds ratio for lifetime smoking on suicidal ideation, 0.050; 95% CI −0.027 to 0.127; odds ratio on suicide attempts, 0.053; 95% CI, −0.003 to 0.110). Despite past literature showing a positive dose-response relationship, our results showed no clear evidence for a causal effect of smoking on suicidal ideation or attempts.ConclusionsThis was the first Mendelian randomisation study to explore the effect of smoking on suicidal ideation and attempts. Our results suggest that, despite observed associations, there is no clear evidence for a causal effect.

Suicide Risk in Cancer Patients – Are We Prepared?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S667-S667
Author(s):  
M. Alves ◽  
A. Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wish To Die ◽  
Physical Risk Factors ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionIndividuals with cancer are at increased risk for suicidal ideation and behaviour when compared to the general population. Suicidal thoughts are sometimes minimized and considered by clinicians as a normal reaction to diagnosis of oncological disease. Less severe forms of suicidal ideation, such a fleeting wish to die may happen in all stages of the disease.ObjectivesWe aim to highlight the cases of cancer patients that present an imminent suicide risk and its related psychopathological aspects, psychosocial and physical risk factors that may increase the probability of suicidal attempt.MethodsNon systematic literature review through the Medline and Clinical Key databases, with time constraints.ResultsIndividuals with cancer have twice the risk of suicide compared to the general population. It was found that suicidal thoughts are more common in patients with advanced disease, in hospital or in palliative care settings or in those who are experiencing severe pain, depression, cognitive impairment or delirium. The first months following the diagnosis are the period of greatest risk and the highest suicide risk occurs in men with respiratory cancers. Death by suicide occurs more often in cancer patients in the advanced stages of disease.ConclusionsAn appropriate therapeutic response should include empathy, active listening, management of realistic expectations and permission to discuss psychological distress. The first intervention should focus on determining imminent risk of suicidal behaviour and act for patient safety.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Factors associated with suicidal thoughts in a large community study of older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
John Snowdon ◽  
Nicola T. Lautenschlager ◽  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
History Of

BackgroundThoughts about death and self-harm in old age have been commonly associated with the presence of depression, but other risk factors may also be important.AimsTo determine the independent association between suicidal ideation in later life and demographic, lifestyle, socioeconomic, psychiatric and medical factors.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted of a community-derived sample of 21290 adults aged 60-101 years enrolled from Australian primary care practices. We considered that participants endorsing any of the four items of the Depressive Symptom Inventory - Suicidality Subscale were experiencing suicidal thoughts. We used standard procedures to collect demographic, lifestyle, psychosocial and clinical data. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.ResultsThe 2-week prevalence of suicidal ideation was 4.8%. Male gender, higher education, current smoking, living alone, poor social support, no religious practice, financial strain, childhood physical abuse, history of suicide in the family, past depression, current anxiety, depression or comorbid anxiety and depression, past suicide attempt, pain, poor self-perceived health and current use of antidepressants were independently associated with suicidal ideation. Poor social support was associated with a population attributable fraction of 38.0%, followed by history of depression (23.6%), concurrent anxiety and depression (19.7%), prevalent anxiety (15.1%), pain (13.7%) and no religious practice (11.4%).ConclusionsPrevalent and past mood disorders seem to be valid targets for indicated interventions designed to reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviour. However, our data indicate that social disconnectedness and stress account for a larger proportion of cases than mood disorders. Should these associations prove to be causal, then interventions that succeeded in addressing these issues would contribute the most to reducing suicidal ideation and, possibly, suicidal behaviour in later life.

Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts in a Sample of Homeless People with Mental Illness

2003 ◽  
Vol 191 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
RANI A. DESAI ◽  
WEN LIU-MARES ◽  
DAVID J. DAUSEY ◽  
ROBERT A. ROSENHECK
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
People With Mental Illness

scholarly journals Suicide Risk in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Exploration of Risk Factors: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 681-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Albert ◽  
Diana De Ronchi ◽  
Giuseppe Maina ◽  
Maurizio Pompili
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I

Background: Historically, OCD has been considered to be associated with a relatively low risk of suicide. Recent studies, on the contrary, revealed a significant association between OCD and suicide attempts and ideation. A huge variation in prevalence rates, however, is reported. Objective: To estimate prevalence rates of suicide attempts and suicidal ideation in individuals with OCD, and to identify predictors of suicide risk among subjects with OCD. Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature on suicide risk (ideation and/or attempts) and OCD. We included studies with appropriate definition of OCD, cross-sectional or prospective design, separating clinical samples from epidemiological studies, that employed a quantitative measure of suicidality and/or reported an outcome measure of the association between suicidality and OCD or examined factors associated with suicidality. Results: In clinical samples, the mean rate of lifetime suicide attempts is 14.2% (31 studies: range 6- 51.7%). Suicidal ideation is referred by 26.3-73.5% of individuals (17 studies, mean 44.1%); current suicidal ideation rate ranges between 6.4 and 75% (13 studies, mean 25.9). Epidemiological studies found that OCD increases significantly the odds of having a lifetime suicidal ideation as compared to the general population (OR: 1.9-10.3) and a history of lifetime suicide attempts (OR: 1.6- 9.9). Predictors of greater suicide risk are severity of OCD, the symptom dimension of unacceptable thoughts, comorbid Axis I disorders, severity of comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms, past history of suicidality and some emotion-cognitive factors such as alexithymia and hopelessness. Conclusion: Overall, suicidality appears a relevant phenomenon in OCD.

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