scholarly journals Applying Standard Digital Map Data in Map-aided, Lane-level GNSS Location

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bétaille ◽  
François Peyret ◽  
Maxime Voyer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Geometrical Modelling ◽  
Median Error ◽  
Map Data

Urban positioning using the Global Positioning System (GPS) is challenging because of multipath. Urban canyons limit open sky visibility, and cause signal reflection and diffraction, resulting in significant satellite range measurement errors. The investigations reported here have been carried out in a French project calledInturb(an acronym derived from integrity and urban positioning). So far, the project has had two phases: first, a simple Three-Dimensional (3D) geometrical city modelling, called “Urban Trench”, has been developed and engineered manually from data sets collected in different cities. Positioning improvement in terms of accuracy was quantified where the model could be applied. Second, this modelling has been automated, based on the standard national BD Topo ® map database for France, with promising results. This geometrical modelling makes it possible to distinguish between line-of-sight satellite signals and those from non-line-of-sight. The latter, apparentlybona fide, signals are caused by strong reflections, usually from buildings with a lot of steel and glass in their construction. A correction of the pseudo-range measurements of the latter is also computed and applied in the position estimator. Positioning accuracy is improved, whilst availability is kept at its maximum. In the study both manual and automatic 3D models are used in extensive experimental campaigns. Results are: first, the possibility to cover entirely any urban area in the country; second, the reduction of the median error in 3D by more than 50% on data collected in Nantes, Paris and Toulouse for a total duration of nearly ten hours; third, the compliance with standards used in most embedded maps and geographical information systems, including an assessment of the trade-off between the model simplicity and the positioning improvement.

scholarly journals Accurate and Efficient Calculation of Three-Dimensional Cost Distance

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Yaqian Chen ◽  
Jiangfeng She ◽  
Xingong Li ◽  
Shuhua Zhang ◽  
Junzhong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Data Structures ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hash Table ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Cost Distance ◽  
Efficient Calculation ◽  
Efficient Data ◽  
The Cost

Cost distance is one of the fundamental functions in geographical information systems (GISs). 3D cost distance function makes the analysis of movement in 3D frictions possible. In this paper, we propose an algorithm and efficient data structures to accurately calculate the cost distance in discrete 3D space. Specifically, Dijkstra’s algorithm is used to calculate the least cost between initial voxels and all the other voxels in 3D space. During the calculation, unnecessary bends along the travel path are constantly corrected to retain the accurate least cost. Our results show that the proposed algorithm can generate true Euclidean distance in homogeneous frictions and can provide more accurate least cost in heterogeneous frictions than that provided by several existing methods. Furthermore, the proposed data structures, i.e., a heap combined with a hash table, significantly improve the algorithm’s efficiency. The algorithm and data structures have been verified via several applications including planning the shortest drone delivery path in an urban environment, generating volumetric viewshed, and calculating the minimum hydraulic resistance.

scholarly journals Cartographic Analysis of the Geomorphological Hazards of the Eastern Part of Sheikh Saad Sub-District by Using GIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Fadhil Ibrahim Al-Jubouri ◽  
Firas S Raheem ◽  
Prof Dr Osama K Abdulridah ◽  
Prof Dr Ali A Kazem
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Automated Methods ◽  
Modern Technologies

Geographical information systems are the latest applied computer technologies that contribute to supporting contemporary geographical studies through the possibility of working on preparing a database of geographical phenomena and modeling them in a digital form by providing automated methods and a set of systems and programs for managing and processing data with spatial and non-spatial reference, which is one of the important functions in geographic information systems And the base on which it depends to reach the optimal decisions to reveal the spatial relationships and correlations between geographical phenomena and with high efficiency, to become the contemporary method in the method of processing and spatial analysis of geographical information instead of the old traditional methods of geographical analysis, and the system also allowed the geographical area to enter into the era of modern technologies to evaluate phenomena. Geographical forecasting. The research materials and methods are determined by adopting topographical and geological maps, land-sat satellite visuals, and DEM data to form the search database, and based on the GIS program (Arc Map 9.3) and the (Global Mepper 11) program and the extensions of the (Arc Map 9.3) program, which are (Spatial Analysis) And the three-dimensional analysis (3D analysis), and the outputs are the final process through which the results of the research emerge. These outputs show the type of information that will be processed and presented in the form of three-dimensional maps and shapes, studying the most important causes of geomorphological risks for the study area, and developing solutions and treatments through the conclusions and recommendations of the research.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN MODELLING OF MILITARY OPERATIONS

Aviation ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertas Pincevičius ◽  
Romualdas Baušys ◽  
Pranas Jankauskas
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Random Functions ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Mathematical Expressions

The algorithm of the stochastic model of combat is given in article. Random functions describing the basic processes of combat (movement of military personnel, detection of the enemy, firing and its results, etc.) are recorded. Corresponding mathematical expressions and numerical evaluations are given. Application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technologies and three‐dimensional map in planning battle tactics are discussed.

scholarly journals COMPLEMENTARITY OF HISTORIC BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Yang ◽  
M. Koehl ◽  
P. Grussenmeyer ◽  
H. Macher
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Historic Building ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Building Information

In this paper, we discuss the potential of integrating both semantically rich models from Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to build the detailed 3D historic model. BIM contributes to the creation of a digital representation having all physical and functional building characteristics in several dimensions, as e.g. XYZ (3D), time and non-architectural information that are necessary for construction and management of buildings. GIS has potential in handling and managing spatial data especially exploring spatial relationships and is widely used in urban modelling. However, when considering heritage modelling, the specificity of irregular historical components makes it problematic to create the enriched model according to its complex architectural elements obtained from point clouds. Therefore, some open issues limiting the historic building 3D modelling will be discussed in this paper: how to deal with the complex elements composing historic buildings in BIM and GIS environment, how to build the enriched historic model, and why to construct different levels of details? By solving these problems, conceptualization, documentation and analysis of enriched Historic Building Information Modelling are developed and compared to traditional 3D models aimed primarily for visualization.

scholarly journals THE SIMULATION OF AN INFANTRY ATTACK USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Aviation ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertas Pincevičius ◽  
Romualdas Baušys ◽  
Pranas Jankauskas
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stochastic Method ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Digital Map

An infantry attack over a specific terrain is modeled. A stochastic method described in our previous study is used. In this model, the position of each soldier during the attack is approximately defined by a square [10 × 10 m] on the battlefield. Making use of the possibilities inherent in a three‐dimensional digital map, a visibility matrix is made up, i. e. the indication whether the enemy sees the soldier in a specific case is given.

scholarly journals Open Data for web-mapping the dynamic of population of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-401
Author(s):  
Lola Gulyamova ◽  
Dilshod Rakhmonov
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Map Data

This paper covers issues related to using Open Data for web mapping of the dynamic of population of Uzbekistan. Several ways are suggested for performing an analysis of patterns of dynamic of population. The web mapping is recommended as the preferable way for study the spatial distribution of the population and its change. The methods are described from the perspective of their relevance to the technical and conceptual development of interactive dynamic maps. The Open sources that are maintained by state agencies, committees, private companies and other institutions are used for web mapping. The peculiarities of development of Open Data in this country are analyzed with the purpose of applying geoinformation technologies for capturing geospatial information (GI). The model has been developed for using web mapping tools for combining ICT, GIS, interactive cartography and socio-economic data for retrieving GI from existing open resources. Some tools are suggested to bring together Open Data of different official sources by means of Geographical Information Systems. The model of web service is used for uploading map data to a cloud account, while cloud service handles all server-side. ArcGIS Online and other open software are applied for interactive mapping. The interaction with datasets for online mapping and spatial analysis is performed with the help of the cloud service of ArcGIS Online

Visibility Analysis for Three-Dimension Urban Landscape

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Lin Yin ◽  
Wen Qiang Xu ◽  
Qing Ming Zhan ◽  
Hong Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Visibility Analysis ◽  
Analysis Models ◽  
The Relationship

The visual sensation is an important factor in urban planning. A computer analysis technology based on the three-dimensional Geographical Information Systems (3DGIS) can be used to measure the visibility in urban space. The principle of sight calculations is introduced at first. The visibility analysis models about terrain and buildings are proposed. In terrain visibility analysis, a method based on projection and elevation interpolation is used to calculate the visibility of two points. And in building visibility analysis, another projection method is proposed to judge the relationship between the sight and building. Based on the visibility analysis of two points, an approximate visual field in a plane can be computed in a discrete way. The visibility analysis models are proved to be feasible. Further research that combines the visibility analysis model and the quantitative planning targets is suggested.

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