Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1152-1159
Author(s):  
Wael Ibrahim Alsarrani ◽  
Ahmad Jusoh

Purpose: Leadership is an interactive concept that influences our daily lives. A quality concept is an approach and philosophy that leaders use to incorporate the leadership process into the organization successfully. Both concepts have an incremental history, correlation, and discussion. However, the two concepts have not yet been theoretically and empirically integrated. This paper attempts to integrate and discuss leadership and quality to create a single quality leadership style based on the definition of quality gurus and the leadership styles which relate more towards the quality of leadership. Methodology: The study used a systematic literature review to review the past literature related to the field of leadership and quality management. This study provides the constructs from definitions proposed by experts in this field. Each leadership styles have many constructs that may or may not be related to quality. Results: The study proposed a conceptual framework which combined the definitions of quality gurus and the different leadership styles. The finding of this study has contributed to the expansion of theoretical knowledge in the field of quality leadership style. Implications: This paper indicated that the review of the literature regarding what quality gurus define as important relating to leadership. This paper provides the constructs from quality gurus definitions. Novelty: Each leadership styles have many constructs that may or may not be related to quality. Therefore, future studies need to consider what the constructs from those leadership styles are considered effective to quality.


2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-411
Author(s):  
Enrico Beltramini

Abstract While in the past two decades the Roman Catholic Church has reaffirmed an inclusivist stance with respect to other religions, there is reason to explore the question of whether Catholic teaching is as much about offering a definition of what is true in other religions as it is about defining Catholic identity. In this article, I investigate the representations of Eastern religions within ordinary expressions of Catholic teaching between 1990 and 2000, and I show how Catholic teaching seems to adopt a binary ontology in which the representation of the Other serves to define oneself.


2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Scholtz

Compared with the elongate bodies of shrimps or lobsters, crabs are characterised by a compact body organisation with a depressed, short carapace and a ventrally folded pleon. The evolutionary transformation from a lobster-like crustacean towards a crab is called ‘carcinization’ and has been interpreted as a dramatic morphological change. Nevertheless, the crab-shape evolved convergently in a number of lineages within Decapoda. Accordingly, numerous hypotheses about internal and external factors have been presented, which all try to explain these frequent convergent carcinization events despite the seemingly fundamental changes in the body organisation. However, what a crab is lies greatly in the eye of the beholder and most of the hypotheses about the lobster/crab transformation are biased by untested assumptions. Furthermore, there are two meanings of the word ‘crab’ within decapods: one, the phylogenetic meaning, refers to the clade Brachyura; the other, more general and typological use of the word crab, describes decapods with a certain body shape. These two meanings should not be confused when the issue of carcinization is discussed. Here, I propose a definition of what a crab is, i.e. what is meant when we speak about carcinization. I show that not all Brachyura are crabs in the typological sense. Carcinization occurred at least twice within the clade. Among Anomala there is further evidence that crab-shaped Lithodidae derived from a hermit-crab like ancestor. Carcinization is not restricted to Anomala plus Brachyura (Meiura) but is also found in Achelata, namely in slipper lobsters. A deconstruction of the crab-shape reveals that parts of it appear in various combinations among all decapod groups. Only a certain threshold of number and quality of crab-features makes us call an animal a ‘crab’. This reveals that carcinization does not involve such dramatic changes in morphology as has been suggested. Moreover similar alterations of body shapes appear frequently in other crustacean taxa and in various animal groups as diverse as sharks and sea urchins. Hence morphological constraints, macroevolution, trends, tendencies, or underlying synapomorphies of any kind are not necessary assumptions for the explanation of the evolution of crabs.


Geophysics ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis H. Johnson

Once again I am privileged to attend a Midcontinent Regional Meeting of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists—this time with the honor and responsibility of addressing you on a subject receiving increasingly serious consideration among scientific and engineering groups. As in the past I am highly impressed with the outstanding quality of the program and arrangements for this meeting. On behalf of the other officers of the national Society, who are all attending this meeting, I welcome this opportunity to congratulate the officers and committeemen of the sponsoring and participating societies for the successful culmination of their efforts and to commend the authors for their cooperation in contributing to this outstanding program.


PMLA ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 61 (4-Part1) ◽  
pp. 1185-1200
Author(s):  
Joseph Remenyi

Whenever Ferenc Molnar, the Hungarian playwright, is discussed, his name is associated with bons mots, a mondaine psychology, and a kind of sentimentality in which wistfulness and artificial fantasy mingle with love-making rather than with love. The discriminating miss breadth and depth in his plays; they miss the divine law of which Alexander Pope speaks that is “at once the source and end and the test of art.” In the boom years of his greatest popularity in Hungary, it was a criterion of savoir vivre to attend his plays. At times he was severely criticized, but his suavity, his unhampered manner of expression helped the expansion of the theatrical area of Hungary, though he imposed no obligations of deep thinking upon his audiences. His acclaim abroad, of which much was sound and fury, required a re-definition of his place in Hungarian stage-literature with reference to the native drama. The pro and con remarks warrant the conclusion that his universal success was not justified on purely aesthetic grounds. On the other hand, despite his overused technique, it is apparent that by discarding inherited patterns he supplied the theatre of his native land with devices of dramatic expression that were amusing, incalculable, and sometimes artistic. He was unswerving in his theatrical aims, he discovered a new range of possibilities. Hungary never had a Restoration period similar to that of England; however, in some respect, Molnar could be considered a striking example of the polished, dexterous and frivolous violation of patriotic and romantic conventions of the Hungarian stage. As critics pointed out, he himself created a theatrical convention affected by Oscar Wilde, Henri Bataille, Tristan Bernard, Alfred Capus and other western European playwrights, but he also transcended the qualities of his western models and differed from them. In matters of taste the socio-economic stratum that Molnar represented was the upper bourgeoisie, notwithstanding his alleged and true sympathies for underpaid wage earners, or for former human beings, as Maxim Gorkij called homeless vagrants. The quality of his attainments substantiates this classification. Seen against the theatrical horizon of Hungary he differs from traditional playwrights by having his plays built around characters whose main interest was determined by carnal love in its sentimental and ironic aspect, urbanity, cynicism, that is by a carpe diem philosophy in which individual gratifications were the basic impetus of action, and not national, social, or cosmic responsibilities. Molnar had the makings of a cosmopolitan; in fact, the local color of most of his plays is not of decisive importance, though, as Aurel Karpati, the Hungarian critic stated in a panegyric article, Molnar and Budapest develóped at the same time.


2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christo Thesnaar

AbstractSouth Africa is indeed a country of many contrasts, of extreme wealth and extreme poverty. All South Africans were deeply affected by apartheid and this had a huge effect on how communities (including both offenders and victims) on all levels took shape: where they lived, the quality of their housing and neighbourhoods, the resources they had or did not have at their disposal, what schools their children attended, what opportunities they had for economic gain and how they were emotionally affected by the policies of apartheid. This article specifically intends to argue that communities should deal in a positive and urgent way with the divide caused by the past so that victims and offenders do not stay victims and offenders but are assisted to move on in their life journey towards healing and wholeness. The author believes that the key for reaching this goal is justice, especially restorative justice. With this qualification in mind the article wants to argue that the Christian church in particular can play a central role in implementing restorative justice in local communities. This will ultimately help to break the destructive cycle of being a victim today and an offender tomorrow, or the other way round.


1951 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Goot

In dealing with fertility in sheep there are a number of initial difficulties. On the one hand, there is generally a lack of any uniform definition of such terms as ‘fertility’, ‘fecundity’ and ‘prolificacy’ (cf. Marshall & Hammond, 1947; Lush, 1938; Rice, 1942; Asdell, 1946; and others); on the other hand, investigators have been confronted with a real difficulty in procuring suitable information which would conform to the requirements of any single and adequate definition of fertility. Because of this, fertility figures have been calculated in different ways* and may differ by as much as 30%. The situation is at present so confused that reference to similar work, especially when the original papers are not available, or the terms not clearly denned, is often of dubious value if not altogether misleading. In the past the data analysed were mostly based on farmers' answers to questionnaires or on flock records. The limitations of such methods are only too obvious; yet it must be clearly realized that in commercial flocks there is no possibility of any basic departure from them, even though their accuracy could in many cases be improved. In other words, only such information is collected as the circumstances allow. This, for instance, may be the number of lambs docked per ewes put to ram in one flock and number of lambs docked per ewes lambed in another.


1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (S7) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. Greene

For at least the past twenty years, historians of pre-colonial Africa have studied gender and ethnic relations, but have focused on either gender or ethnicity without making reference to the other. This essay redresses this neglect by demonstrating that changes in gender and ethnic relations within pre-colonial Africa so profoundly influenced each other that it is impossible to understand one without also taking into consideration the other. Documenting this intersection requires more than simply reconstructing how ethnic groups (in their efforts to compete with others for social and political status) altered gender relations within their societies by handling differentially the affairs of their female and male members. It involves more than analyzing how those disadvantaged because of their gender used the prevailing ethnic relations to ameliorate their own situations, and how these actions in turn altered ethnic relations in the societies in which they lived. It requires as well that we reconceptualize the very definition of ethnicity.


2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato P. Munhoz ◽  
Adriana Moro ◽  
Laura Silveira-Moriyama ◽  
Helio A. Teive

During the past decade the view of Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a motor disorder has changed significantly and currently it is recognized as a multisystem process with diverse non-motor signs (NMS). In addition to been extremely common, these NMS play a major role in undermining functionality and quality of life. On the other hand, NMS are under recognized by physicians and neglected by patients. Here, we review the most common NMS in PD, including cognitive, psychiatric, sleep, metabolic, and sensory disturbances, discuss the current knowledge from biological, epidemiological, clinical, and prognostic standpoints, highlighting the need for early recognition and management.


2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Heather Macdonald ◽  
David M. Goodman ◽  
Katie Howe

Abstract Many philosophers have argued that psychological time is a fundamental, inherent quality of consciousness that provides continuity and sequence to mental events—enabling memory. And, since memory is consciousness, psychological time enables the individual intentionality of consciousness. Levinas (1961), on the other hand, argues that an individual’s past, in the most original sense, is the past of other. The irreducible alterity of one’s past sets the stage for the other who co-determines the meaning of the past. This paper is about the exploration cultural memory within the context of a Caucasian doctoral student entering into an African-American community during an internship, who finds that cultural memories are remarkably more complicated than the propositional description of historic events. The paper further explores how cultural memory is not a record of “what happened” but a sociolinguistic creative meaning making process. Histories can be contested. Memory, on the other hand, never adheres to the strict true or false dichotomy. Memory is like searching for the Divine, it cannot be found, only revealed in mysterious and small details. Memory, is the intruding of the infinite, creating as an effect the idea of a finite (August, 2011), they are not “representations” of the past nor are they a kind of mnemonic system of subjectivism to mediate all of consciousness.


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