Delayed oseltamivir treatment is associated with longer viral shedding of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 814-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. LEUNG ◽  
W. L. LIM ◽  
M. H. WONG ◽  
S. K. CHUANG
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Onset Date ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Viral Culture ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 2009 ◽  
Kinetics Of

SUMMARYDuring the early phase of the influenza pandemic in 2009, all cases of laboratory-confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pH1N1) infection required compulsory isolation in hospital. These cases were offered oseltamivir treatment and only allowed to be discharged from the hospital when three consecutive respiratory specimens were negative for the virus by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). We reviewed the case records of these patients to assess the viral shedding kinetics of the pH1N1 virus. We defined viral shedding duration as the interval from illness onset date to the date of collection of the last positive specimen from the patients. Fifty-six patients were included in the study, of whom 96% received oseltamivir. The median viral shedding duration of pH1N1 virus by viral culture and RT–PCR were 3 days and 4 days, respectively. Patients who started oseltamivir treatment >48 h after onset had a significantly longer median viral shedding duration by viral culture than those who started treatment within 48 h of onset (4 days vs. 2 days, P=0·014).

scholarly journals Transmission potential of vaccinated and unvaccinated persons infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in a federal prison, July-August 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip P. Salvatore ◽  
Christine C. Lee ◽  
Sadia Sleweon ◽  
David W. McCormick ◽  
Lavinia Nicolae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Federal Prison ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Viral Culture ◽  
Culture Positivity ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Background The extent to which vaccinated persons who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 contribute to transmission is unclear. During a SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant outbreak among incarcerated persons with high vaccination rates in a federal prison, we assessed markers of viral shedding in vaccinated and unvaccinated persons. Methods Consenting incarcerated persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection provided mid-turbinate nasal specimens daily for 10 consecutive days and reported symptom data via questionnaire. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), viral whole genome sequencing, and viral culture was performed on these nasal specimens. Duration of RT-PCR positivity and viral culture positivity was assessed using survival analysis. Results A total of 978 specimens were provided by 95 participants, of whom 78 (82%) were fully vaccinated and 17 (18%) were not fully vaccinated. No significant differences were detected in duration of RT-PCR positivity among fully vaccinated participants (median: 13 days) versus those not fully vaccinated (median: 13 days; p=0.50), or in duration of culture positivity (medians: 5 days and 5 days; p=0.29). Among fully vaccinated participants, overall duration of culture positivity was shorter among Moderna vaccine recipients versus Pfizer (p=0.048) or Janssen (p=0.003) vaccine recipients. Conclusions As this field continues to develop, clinicians and public health practitioners should consider vaccinated persons who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 to be no less infectious than unvaccinated persons. These findings are critically important, especially in congregate settings where viral transmission can lead to large outbreaks.

scholarly journals Correlation of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Viral Load with Disease Severity and Prolonged Viral Shedding in Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1265-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Chen Li ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Hock-Liew Eng ◽  
Huey-Ling You ◽  
Ling-Sai Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 2009

scholarly journals Covid-19 Re-infection vs Prolonged Viral Shedding

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Barohn ◽  
Mary Hindle ◽  
Lauren Peck ◽  
Syed Hasan Raza Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Spread Of Infection

  Since December 2019, COVID 19 pandemic has devastated communities across the world. As number of patients recovered from COVID 19 continue to rise, question of acquired immunity versus chances of re-infection becomes critical to understand the future spread of infection. Here, we present a case of a patient previously recovered from COVID-19, develops new symptoms concerning for possible re-infection with positive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after few months of initial infection.  

scholarly journals Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Nasopharynx, Blood, Urine and Stool of Patients with COVID 19: A Hospital-based Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Joukar ◽  
Tofigh Yaghubi Kalurazi ◽  
Mahmoud Khoshsorour ◽  
Sonbol Taromian ◽  
Lida Mahfoozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Virus Persistence ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Maximum Duration ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to determine the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the nasopharynx, blood, urine and stool of patients with COVID-19.Methods: In this hospital based longitudinal study, 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases were recruited, between March and August 2020 in Guilan province (Northern Iran). Nasopharynx, blood, urine and stool samples were obtained from each patient at the time of hospital admission, discharge, followed by one week after discharge and every 2 weeks until all samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Survival analysis was used to identify the duration of virus persistence over time.Results: Positive blood, urine, stool RT-PCR were detected in 24%, 7% and 6% of patient respectively. The median duration of virus persistence in blood, urine and stool were 7 days (95% CI: 6.07–7.93), 6 days (95% CI: 4.16–8.41) and 13 days, 95% CI: 6.96–19.4), respectively. The maximum duration of virus persistent in blood, urine and stool were 17, 11 and 42 days from admission, respectively. Conclusions: According our results, until obtaining definite evidence of the duration of infective viral shedding, prolonged isolation duration at least 25 days from admission to hospital and strict hygienic measures for about one month were recommended.

scholarly journals Influenza pandemic (H1N1) 2009 activity during summer 2009. Effectiveness of the 2008-9 trivalent vaccine against pandemic influenza in Spain

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amparo Larrauri ◽  
Camelia Savulescu ◽  
Silvia Jiménez-Jorge ◽  
Pilar Pérez-Breña ◽  
Francisco Pozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 2009 ◽  
Trivalent Vaccine

scholarly journals Performance of Oropharyngeal Swab Testing Compared With Nasopharyngeal Swab Testing for Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019—United States, January 2020–February 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monita R Patel ◽  
Darin Carroll ◽  
Emily Ussery ◽  
Hilary Whitham ◽  
Christopher A Elkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Among 146 nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swab pairs collected ≤7 days after illness onset, Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction assay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR) diagnostic results were 95.2% concordant. However, NP swab cycle threshold values were lower (indicating more virus) in 66.7% of concordant-positive pairs, suggesting NP swabs may more accurately detect the amount of SARS-CoV-2.

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