Depression and Huntington's Disease: Prevalence, Clinical Manifestations, Etiology, and Treatment

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-308,325-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Slaughter ◽  
Matthew P. Martens ◽  
Kathleen A. Slaughter
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACTIn order to determine the extent to which depression complicates Huntington's disease (HD), we have analyzed the existing literature on depression in HD in order to report the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and treatment of HD depression. By means of MEDLINE literature searches and reviews of HD articles' bibliographies, we identified for our analysis 16 HD depression studies. Our results indicate that the prevalence of depression is 30% for all HD patients. Clinical manifestations of HD depression include a marked increased risk for suicide. The etiology of HD depression is unclear, but may be due to a number of factors, such as dysfunction in the caudate nucleus, dysfunction in the ventral striatum, and various genetic factors that are discussed in this review. Case reports and case series support the efficacy of standard antidepressant interventions in resolving symptoms of depression. Efficacious treatments reported in the literature include tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and electro-convulsive therapy. In this study, the successful anecdotal treatment of seven consecutive HD depressed patients with sertraline suggests that sertraline may be a safe and efficacious treatment of HD depression.

Constitutional WT1 mutations in Wilms' tumor patients.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 3634-3640 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Diller ◽  
M Ghahremani ◽  
J Morgan ◽  
P Grundy ◽  
C Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Wt1 Gene ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genitourinary Anomalies ◽  
Wt1 Mutation

PURPOSE Patients with Wilms' tumors (WT) who carry constitutional mutations in the WT1 gene have been described in case reports and small case series. We sought to determine the frequency of constitutional WT1 mutations in a larger cohort, and to identify clinical manifestations associated with the risk for carrying a WT1 mutation. METHODS We collected clinical data and blood samples from 201 patients with a history of WT. Southern blot analysis, single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, and direct DNA sequencing were performed on DNA isolated from peripheral-blood lymphocytes from each patient. Odds ratios (ORs) for the carriage of a germline mutation of the WT1 gene were calculated for patients who had specific clinical risk factors compared with those who did not. RESULTS Of 201 patients with WT in the cohort, eight patients were carriers of mutations in the WT1 gene. Six of the eight mutations were protein-truncating nonsense mutations. None of 56 patients with isolated unilateral WT was a carrier. The OR of carrying a WT1 mutation was elevated for patients with genitourinary anomalies (OR19.3; P < .002). Seven of 28 boys with WT with cryptorchidism carried WT1 mutations. No increased risk was observed for patients with nephrogenic rests, bilateral tumors, history of secondary cancers, or family history of WT. CONCLUSION Germline WT1 mutations in patients with WT are associated with genitourinary anomalies, especially cryptorchidism and/or hypospadias. Patients with WT and no genitourinary anomalies are at low risk for carrying a WT1 mutation. Constitutional WT1 mutations that encode truncated WT1 proteins may predispose to the development of cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and WTs.

scholarly journals Bacillus cereus Typhlitis in a Patient with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
James D. Denham ◽  
Sowmya Nanjappa ◽  
John N. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
English Language ◽  
Neutropenic Patient ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myelogenous

Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive rod that is now recognized as a rare cause of frank disease in the neutropenic hematologic malignancy patient. Because this pathogen is rarely isolated in clinical specimens, no large studies exist to guide the management of these acutely ill patients. Individual case reports and case series exist in the literature describing various clinical manifestations of B. cereus in the neutropenic patient including bacteremia/septicemia, pneumonia, meningitis/encephalitis, hepatic abscesses, and gastritis. In this report, we describe a case of typhlitis caused by B. cereus in a 74-year-old female with recently diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and we summarize the available English language literature to draw tentative conclusions regarding the clinical manifestations of this organism.

Huntington’s Disease in Israel: A Population-based Study Using 20 Years of Routinely-Collected Healthcare Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Natalie Gavrielov-Yusim ◽  
Yael Barer ◽  
Michael Martinec ◽  
Athanasios Siadimas ◽  
Spyros Roumpanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Healthcare Data

Background: Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare, genetic, neurodegenerative disease. Obtaining population-level data on epidemiology and disease management is challenging. Objective: To investigate the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and healthcare utilization of patients with HD in Israel. Methods: Retrospective population-based cohort study, including 20 years of routinely collected data from Maccabi Healthcare Services, an insurer and healthcare provider for one-quarter of the Israeli population. Results: The study cohort included 109 adult patients (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with HD, with mean age of 49.9 years and 56%females. The most common HD-related conditions were anxiety (40%), behavioral problems (34%), sleep disorders (21%), and falls (13%). Annual incidence rates for HD ranged from 0.17 to 1.34 per 100,000 from 2000 to 2018; the 2018 crude prevalence in adults was 4.36 per 100,000. Median survival from diagnosis was approximately 12 years (95%CI: 10.4–15.3). The most frequent symptomatic treatments were antidepressants (69%), antipsychotics (63%), and tetrabenazine (63%), the only drug approved for the treatment of HD chorea in Israel during the examined period. Patterns of healthcare utilization changed as disease duration increased, reflected by increased frequency of emergency department visits and home visits. Conclusion: This retrospective population-based study provides insights into the prevalence, incidence, clinical profile, survival, and resource utilization of patients with HD in ethnically diverse Israel. The findings in this study are generally consistent with the international literature and demonstrate the value of routinely collected healthcare data as a complementary resource in HD research.

scholarly journals Advances in Antiplatelet Therapy for Dentofacial Surgery Patients: Focus on Past and Present Strategies

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Cervino ◽  
Luca Fiorillo ◽  
Ines Paola Monte ◽  
Rosa De Stefano ◽  
Luigi Laino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Antiplatelet Drugs ◽  
Risk Of Bleeding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Nowadays, patients involved in antiplatelet therapy required special attention during oral surgery procedures, due to the antiplatelet drugs assumption. The motivations of the assumption may be different and related to the patient’s different systemic condition. For this reason, accordingly to the current international guidelines, different protocols can be followed. The aim of this work is to analyze how the dentist’s approach to these patients has changed from the past to the present, evaluating the risk exposure for the patients. Methods: This review paper considered different published papers in literature through quoted scientific channels, going in search of “ancient” works in such a way as to highlight the differences in the protocols undertaken. The analyzed manuscripts are in the English language, taking into consideration reviews, case reports, and case series in such a way as to extrapolate a sufficient amount of data and for evaluating the past therapeutic approaches compared to those of today. Results: Colleagues in the past preferred to subject patients to substitution therapy with low molecular weight anticoagulants, by suspending antiplatelet agents to treatment patients, often for an arbitrary number of days. The new guidelines clarify everything, without highlighting an increased risk of bleeding during simple oral surgery in patients undergoing antiplatelet therapy. Conclusion: Either patients take these medications for different reasons, because of cardiovascular pathologies, recent cardiovascular events, or even for simple prevention, although the latest research shows that there is no decrease of cardiovascular accidents in patients who carry out preventive therapy. Surely, it will be at the expense of the doctor to assess the patient’s situation and risk according to the guidelines. For simple oral surgery, it is not necessary to stop therapy with antiplatelet agents because the risk of bleeding has not increased, and is localized to a post-extraction alveolus or to an implant preparation, compared to patients who do not carry out this therapy. From an analysis of the results it emerges that the substitutive therapy should no longer be performed and that it is possible to perform oral surgery safely in patients who take antiplatelet drugs, after a thorough medical history. Furthermore, by suspending therapy, we expose our patients to more serious risks, concerning their main pathology, where present.

M6 Nabilone in huntington’s disease: a case series of five patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A103.2-A103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Heim ◽  
Sweta Bajaj ◽  
Roberto De Marzi ◽  
Stephanie Mangesius ◽  
Atbin Djamshidian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Case Series

Fetal striatal homotransplantation for Huntington's disease: First two case reports

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Madrazo ◽  
Rebecca E. Franco-Bourland ◽  
Hugo Castrejon ◽  
Carlos Cuevas ◽  
Feggy Ostrosky-Solis
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Case Reports

scholarly journals Systematic review to investigate the safety of induction and augmentation of labour among pregnant women with iron-deficiency anaemia

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e021793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Bunch ◽  
Nia Roberts ◽  
Marian Knight ◽  
Manisha Nair
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review to investigate the safety of induction and/or augmentation of labour compared with spontaneous-onset normal labour among pregnant women with iron-deficiency anaemia.DesignSystematic review.SettingStudies from all countries, worldwide.PopulationPregnant women with iron-deficiency anaemia at labour and delivery.InterventionAny intervention related to induction and/or augmentation of labour.Outcome measuresPrimary: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), heart failure and maternal death. Secondary: Emergency caesarean section, hysterectomy, admission to intensive care unit.MethodWe searched 10 databases, including Medline and Embase, from database inception to 1 October 2018. We included all study designs except cross-sectional studies without a comparator group, case reports, case series, ecological studies, and expert opinion. The searches were conducted by a healthcare librarian and two authors independently screened and reviewed the studies. We used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approachto ascertain risk of bias and conducted a narrative synthesis.ResultsWe identified 3217 journal articles, 223 conference papers, 45 dissertations and 218 registered trials. Ten articles were included for full-text review and only one was found to fulfil the eligibility criteria. This was a retrospective cohort study from India, which showed that pregnant women with moderate and severe anaemia could have an increased risk of PPH if they underwent induction and/or augmentation of labour, but the evidence was weak (graded as ‘high risk of bias’).ConclusionThe best approach is to prevent anaemia, but a large number of women in low-to-middle-income countries present with severe anaemia during labour. In such women, appropriate peripartum management could prevent complications and death. Our review showed that at present we do not know if induction and augmentation of labour is safe in pregnant women with iron-deficiency anaemia and further research is required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42015032421.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Dadashi ◽  
Saeedeh Khaleghnejad ◽  
Parisa Abedi Elkhichi ◽  
Mehdi Goudarzi ◽  
Hossein Goudarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Prevalence Studies

Background and Aim: Co-infection of COVID-19 with other respiratory pathogens which may complicate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of COVID-19 emerge new concern. The overlap of COVID-19 and influenza, as two epidemics at the same time can occur in the cold months of the year. The aim of current study was to evaluate the rate of such co-infection as a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on September 28, 2019 for original research articles published in Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases from December 2019 to September 2020 using relevant keywords. Patients of all ages with simultaneous COVID-19 and influenza were included. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14 software.Results: Eleven prevalence studies with total of 3,070 patients with COVID-19, and 79 patients with concurrent COVID-19 and influenza were selected for final evaluation. The prevalence of influenza infection was 0.8% in patients with confirmed COVID-19. The frequency of influenza virus co-infection among patients with COVID-19 was 4.5% in Asia and 0.4% in the America. Four prevalence studies reported the sex of patients, which were 30 men and 31 women. Prevalence of co-infection with influenza in men and women with COVID-19 was 5.3 and 9.1%, respectively. Eight case reports and 7 case series with a total of 123 patients with COVID-19 were selected, 29 of them (16 men, 13 women) with mean age of 48 years had concurrent infection with influenza viruses A/B. Fever, cough, and shortness of breath were the most common clinical manifestations. Two of 29 patients died (6.9%), and 17 out of 29 patients recovered (58.6%). Oseltamivir and hydroxychloroquine were the most widely used drugs used for 41.4, and 31% of patients, respectively.Conclusion: Although a low proportion of COVID-19 patients have influenza co-infection, however, the importance of such co-infection, especially in high-risk individuals and the elderly, cannot be ignored. We were unable to report the exact rate of simultaneous influenza in COVID-19 patients worldwide due to a lack of data from several countries. Obviously, more studies are needed to evaluate the exact effect of the COVID-19 and influenza co-infection in clinical outcomes.

Z-drugs and Falls: A Focused Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
Nicole Ryba ◽  
Rebecca Rainess
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Inappropriate Medication ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls

OBJECTIVE: To provide a focused review of the literature related to the association between exposure to Z-drugs and the risk of falls, especially in the older population.<br/> DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted using Medline, PsychInfo, and the Cochrane Library database for all clinical trials, case series, and case reports published in English up to May 2020. The search terms used consisted of each Z-drug, including "zolpidem," "zopiclone," "eszopiclone," and "zaleplon," matched with "falls."<br/> STUDY SELECTION: The search yielded 295 studies. After review of abstracts, content and references were reviewed, and duplicates removed, a total of 9 articles met inclusion of exposure to at least 1 Z-drug and a primary outcome of falls.<br/> DATA EXTRACTION: The American Geriatrics Society 2019 Beers Criteria Update for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults recommends to avoid using nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics in this patient population because of the risk of adverse events.<br/> DATA SYNTHESIS: A majority of the literature suggests an increased risk of falls with exposure to Z-drug use, especially zolpidem. Eight trials examined falls as a primary outcome in non-elderly (n=3) and elderly (n=5) patients in different settings, mostly in an inpatient setting (nursing facility or acute care hospital).<br/> CONCLUSION: Exposure to Z-drugs, especially zolpidem, should be evaluated and counseled on continuously as these medications put patients at an increased risk for falls and other complications.

Z-drugs and Falls: A Focused Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
Nicole Ryba ◽  
Rebecca Rainess
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Inappropriate Medication ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls

OBJECTIVE: To provide a focused review of the literature related to the association between exposure to Z-drugs and the risk of falls, especially in the older population.<br/> DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted using Medline, PsychInfo, and the Cochrane Library database for all clinical trials, case series, and case reports published in English up to May 2020. The search terms used consisted of each Z-drug, including "zolpidem," "zopiclone," "eszopiclone," and "zaleplon," matched with "falls."<br/> STUDY SELECTION: The search yielded 295 studies. After review of abstracts, content and references were reviewed, and duplicates removed, a total of 9 articles met inclusion of exposure to at least 1 Z-drug and a primary outcome of falls.<br/> DATA EXTRACTION: The American Geriatrics Society 2019 Beers Criteria Update for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults recommends to avoid using nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics in this patient population because of the risk of adverse events.<br/> DATA SYNTHESIS: A majority of the literature suggests an increased risk of falls with exposure to Z-drug use, especially zolpidem. Eight trials examined falls as a primary outcome in non-elderly (n=3) and elderly (n=5) patients in different settings, mostly in an inpatient setting (nursing facility or acute care hospital).<br/> CONCLUSION: Exposure to Z-drugs, especially zolpidem, should be evaluated and counseled on continuously as these medications put patients at an increased risk for falls and other complications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document