Discourse fluency modulates spoken word recognition in monolingual and L2 speakers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mona Roxana Botezatu ◽  
Judith F. Kroll ◽  
Morgan Trachsel ◽  
Taomei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Language Effects ◽  
Fluent Language

Abstract We investigated whether fluent language production is associated with greater skill in resolving lexical competition during spoken word recognition and ignoring irrelevant information in non-linguistic tasks. Native English monolinguals and native English L2 learners, who varied on measures of discourse/verbal fluency and cognitive control, identified spoken English words from dense (e.g., BAG) and sparse (e.g., BALL) phonological neighborhoods in moderate noise. Participants were slower in recognizing spoken words from denser neighborhoods. The inhibitory effect of phonological neighborhood density was smaller for English monolinguals and L2 learners with higher speech production fluency, but was unrelated to cognitive control as indexed by performance on the Simon task. Converging evidence from within-language effects in monolinguals and cross-language effects in L2 learners suggests that fluent language production involves a competitive selection process that may not engage all domain-general control mechanisms. Results suggest that language experience may capture individual variation in lexical competition resolution.

scholarly journals Spoken word recognition with gender-marked context

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Spinelli ◽  
Fanny Meunier ◽  
Alix Seigneuric
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Phonological Priming ◽  
Phonological Information ◽  
Gender Information

In a cross-modal (auditory-visual) fragment priming study in French, we tested the hypothesis that gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine or unefeminine) is used early in the recognition of the following word to discard gender-incongruent competitors. In four experiments, we compared lexical decision performances on targets primed by phonological information only (e.g. /kRa/-CRAPAUD /kRapo/; /to/-TOAD) or by phonological plus gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine /kra/-CRAPAUD; a /to/-TOAD). In all experiments, we found a phonological priming effect that was not modulated by the presence of gender context, whether gender-marked articles were congruent (Experiments 1, 2, and 3) or incongruent (Experiment 4) with the target gender. Moreover, phonological facilitation was not modulated by the presence of gender context, whether gender-marked articles allowed exclusion of less frequent competitors (Experiment 1) or more frequent ones (Experiments 2 and 3). We concluded that gender information extracted from a preceding gender-marked determiner is not used early in the process of spoken word recognition and that it may be used in a later selection process.

Orthographic activation in spoken word recognition of L2 phonological variants

2020 ◽  
pp. 026765832096825
Author(s):  
Jeong-Im Han ◽  
Song Yi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
First Language ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Spoken Words ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Prime Target

The present study investigated the influence of orthographic input on the recognition of second language (L2) spoken words with phonological variants, when first language (L1) and L2 have different orthographic structures. Lexical encoding for intermediate-to-advanced level Mandarin learners of Korean was assessed using masked cross-modal and within-modal priming tasks. Given that Korean has obstruent nasalization in the syllable coda, prime target pairs were created with and without such phonological variants, but spellings that were provided in the cross-modal task reflected their unaltered, nonnasalized forms. The results indicate that when L2 learners are exposed to transparent alphabetic orthography, they do not show a particular cost for spoken word recognition of L2 phonological variants as long as the variation is regular and rule-governed.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Lexical Competition During Spoken Word Recognition

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Magnuson ◽  
James A. Dixon ◽  
Michael K. Tanenhaus ◽  
Richard N. Aslin
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Lexical Competition

scholarly journals Pupillometry reveals cognitive demands of lexical competition during spoken word recognition in young and older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. McLaughlin ◽  
Maggie E. Zink ◽  
Lauren Gaunt ◽  
Brent Spehar ◽  
Kristin J. Van Engen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Cognitive Demands

scholarly journals Early L2 Spoken Word Recognition Combines Input-Based and Knowledge-Based Processing

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Wiener ◽  
Kiwako Ito ◽  
Shari R Speer
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Speaker Variability ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Statistical Regularities

This study examines the perceptual trade-off between knowledge of a language’s statistical regularities and reliance on the acoustic signal during L2 spoken word recognition. We test how early learners track and make use of segmental and suprasegmental cues and their relative frequencies during non-native word recognition. English learners of Mandarin were taught an artificial tonal language in which a tone’s informativeness for word identification varied according to neighborhood density. The stimuli mimicked Mandarin’s uneven distribution of syllable+tone combinations by varying syllable frequency and the probability of particular tones co-occurring with a particular syllable. Use of statistical regularities was measured by four-alternative forced-choice judgments and by eye fixations to target and competitor symbols. Half of the participants were trained on one speaker, that is, low speaker variability while the other half were trained on four speakers. After four days of learning, the results confirmed that tones are processed according to their informativeness. Eye movements to the newly learned symbols demonstrated that L2 learners use tonal probabilities at an early stage of word recognition, regardless of speaker variability. The amount of variability in the signal, however, influenced the time course of recovery from incorrect anticipatory looks: participants exposed to low speaker variability recovered from incorrect probability-based predictions of tone more rapidly than participants exposed to greater variability. These results motivate two conclusions: early L2 learners track the distribution of segmental and suprasegmental co-occurrences and make predictions accordingly during spoken word recognition; and when the acoustic input is more variable because of multi-speaker input, listeners rely more on their knowledge of tone-syllable co-occurrence frequency distributions and less on the incoming acoustic signal.

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