scholarly journals Examining the trade-offs of palm oil production and consumption from a sustainable diets perspective: lessons learned from Myanmar

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shauna M Downs ◽  
Khristopher Nicholas ◽  
Kay Khine Linn ◽  
Jessica Fanzo
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Sustainable Diets ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Production And Consumption

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the trade-offs related to the production and consumption of palm oil in Myanmar from a sustainable diets perspective. Design: We used an enhanced value chain analysis approach that included semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders; market analyses to assess edible oils in markets and focus groups as well as surveys with consumers to ascertain their perceptions and practices related to edible oils. Setting: Four settings in Myanmar (upper income urban; lower income urban; middle-income urban; lower income rural). Participants: Key stakeholders (n 12) from government, trade bodies and civil society organisations were included in the interviews. Women from each of the regions participated in four focus groups (n 32), and a convenience sample of male and female consumers participated in the surveys (n 362). Results: We found mistrust of the oil sector overall. Poor production practices, leading to low yields, limit the economic viability of oil palm production in Myanmar and contribute to negative environmental (e.g. deforestation) and social outcomes (e.g. land conflicts). Consumers demonstrated low preferences for palm oil as compared with traditional oils from a taste, health and transparency perspective; however, they indicated that its relative low cost led to its purchase over other oils. Conclusions: The Burmese example suggests that there may be limited benefits, and significant costs, of investing in palm oil production in regions where there are coordinating disincentives from a sustainable diets perspective. However, if oil palm cultivation is to continue, there are opportunities to improve its economic viability and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mortar properties obtained through partial substitution of Portland cement by ashes of oil palm empty fruit bunch

Cerâmica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (375) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
V. A. Coelho ◽  
C. C. Guimarães ◽  
G. G. Doutto ◽  
P. P. Pedra
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Proportional Reduction

Abstract Currently, palm oil is a leader in production and consumption among commercial edible oils, with a growing world production that exceeds 66 million tons per year. It is estimated that the generation of residues from the burning of palm oil empty fruit bunches as fuel in the boilers corresponds to 5% in mass of the total of oil extracted. This work evaluated the mechanical properties resulting from the use of the empty fruit bunch ashes as a partial substitute of Portland cement in mortars in different contents in 1:3 and 1:6 mixes. Mortars obtained with the use of ash presented greater deformability, implying greater workability. The results obtained pointed to potential use of the ash as filler in mortars without loss on compressive strength for contents up to 10% in the 1:3 mix and 5% in the 1:6 mix. It was observed an increase in the void index and the water absorption capacity, with a proportional reduction of the flexural strength.

scholarly journals Sustainable Palm Oil and Landscape Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
D Chalil ◽  
R Barus
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Action

Abstract Palm oil is a commodity with a significant land area development. Thus, raises concerns about its impact on the landscape. This study uses a case study in South Tapanuli, a center of smallholder oil palm plantations with a high conservation value and an action plan for a sustainable palm oil program. This study uses a combination of a desk study of government publications and interviews with key stakeholders. The results show that the sustainable palm oil program can affect landscape sustainability through regional development and spatial plans. The sustainable action plan has altered strategic issues in the regional development plan by focusing on oil palm plantations management in forest areas. However, the strategic issues have has not been followed up by targets and programs. Coordination between the central and regional governments is lacking, and related local government organizations do not fully understand the plan. The annual plan has been completed with sufficiently detailed outputs and thus cannot use it as a reference for evaluating achievement stages. Therefore, although the sustainable palm oil program positively impacts regional planning in South Tapanuli, it still needs to be followed up by operationalization in synergistic programs.

scholarly journals Palm Oil Use and Compatibility in India

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bagepalli S. Narasinga Rao
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Indigenous Production ◽  
To Come

India is experiencing a shortage of edible oils that may increase in years to come. To meet this challenge, palm oil is being considered as a potential new source of oil owing to the high productivity of the oil palm. Besides importing palm oil for the present, indigenous production by cultivating the oil palm has been initiated as a long-term measure. When a new edible oil is introduced, people have to be assured of its safety and nutritional quality. Besides ensuring that palm oil meets essential fatty acid (EFA) requirements, concern about its atherogenic potential due to its saturated fat content has to be allayed. The habitual low-fat Indian diet based on cereals and pulses contains invisible fats amounting to 25 g per day, but it provides two-thirds of EFA requirements. Increased consumption of fat in the form of palm oil should therefore not pose a problem to the requirements since the oil contains about 10% of n-6, 18:2 linoleic acid. Although categorized as a saturated fat, palm oil does not raise blood cholesterol, unlike other fats such as coconut oil. Unrefined crude palm oil, which is rich in β-carotene, is also of special interest as it can be used to prevent vitamin A deficiency, which is widespread In India. Owing to its technical characteristics, palm oil can be used in domestic cooking as well as in the foodprocessing industry for the manufacture of vanaspati and margarine, and as a specialty fat in the bakery and confectionery industries.

scholarly journals Physical, chemical, and nutritional quality parameters of three different types of oil: determination of their reusability in deep frying

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
A. Habarakada ◽  
P.A.B.N. Perumpuli ◽  
W.T.V. Thathsaranee ◽  
I.P. Wanninaika
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Smoke Point ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Deep Frying ◽  
Nutritional Parameters

Deep frying is the process of immersing food in hot oil at a temperature of approximately 180°C. During deep frying, different chemical reactions are taking place, resulting in changes in the physicochemical properties of the frying oil, eventually leading to harmful health effects on the consumers. Nevertheless, based on economic feasibility, both the domestic and industrial levels tend to repeatedly use edible oils for deep frying. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate physicochemical and nutritional parameters of commercially available coconut oil, palm oil and sunflower oil and to investigate the effect of repeated deep frying for the physicochemical and nutritional parameters of the studied oil samples. Thereby, the optimum number of frying cycles for each type of oil was also investigated. In order to achieve that, using coconut, palm and sunflower oils, potato and fish were fried separately for five repeated frying cycles. As per the results, regardless of the frying material, the relative density, colour, peroxide value, free fatty acid value of coconut oil, palm oil, and sunflower oil were increased significantly with increase the number of frying cycles whereas the smoke point and moisture content was found to be significantly decreased. In contrast, the number of cycles suitable for repeated frying is varying upon the frying material. Accordingly, coconut oil has proven to be used for three frying cycles of potato and five frying cycles of fish: palm oil for one frying of potato and two fryings of fish without adversely altering their physicochemical and nutritional properties. Conferring to the obtained results, the use of unsaturated oil like sunflower oil on repeated frying is not recommended.

scholarly journals No Palm Oil or Certified Sustainable Palm Oil? Heterogeneous Consumer Preferences and the Role of Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7257
Author(s):  
Cordula Hinkes ◽  
Inken Christoph-Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Research Gap

Public concerns about the adverse effects of palm oil production and consumption have contributed both to the development of certification standards for sustainable palm oil and to the promotion of palm-oil-free products. While research on consumer preferences for palm oil is growing, potential trade-offs between these two options—products containing certified palm oil versus palm-oil-free products—are still largely unexplored. Focusing on this research gap, a discrete choice experiment involving chocolate cookies was implemented as part of a web survey among consumers in Germany. Results indicate that consumers on average prefer palm-oil-free cookies, although a latent class analysis identifies several consumer segments that differ in terms of preferences, attitudes, and characteristics. Many respondents are highly price-sensitive. After the provision of additional information, stated preferences for certified palm oil increase, but four out of five consumer segments still prefer palm-oil-free products. Prevailing health concerns and a potential lack of trust in certification might explain this choice behavior. As alternatives to palm oil are not necessarily more sustainable, initiatives supporting the uptake of certified sustainable palm oil should be further strengthened. Targeted information campaigns might be a suitable instrument to raise awareness and increase knowledge about palm oil.

scholarly journals Does the oil palm certification create trade-offs between environment and development in Indonesia?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Ser Huay Lee ◽  
Daniela A. Miteva ◽  
Kimberly M. Carlson ◽  
Robert Heilmayr ◽  
Omar Saif
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Conservation And Development ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Environment And Development ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Primary Forests

***This article has been accepted in Environmental Research Letters. Please refer to the DOI for the accepted manuscript: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc279.*** Environmental and social problems triggered by rapid palm oil expansion in the tropics have spurred the proliferation of sustainability certification systems such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). While the RSPO aims to improve the impact of oil palm production on people and environments, its effect on local development, environmental quality, and, especially, potential trade-offs between these outcomes remain unclear. Here, we evaluate whether RSPO certification of large-scale industrial concessions has promoted village development and supported environmental quality in Indonesia, the top global palm oil producer. Using a panel dataset with observations from 11,000 villages in Kalimantan and Sumatra from 2003-2014, we apply rigorous quasi-experimental methods to quantify the RSPO's impacts on village development and environmental outcomes. In the short-run, RSPO contributed to environmental conservation, but had limited development outcomes. On average, relative to villages with non-certified concessions, RSPO certification reduced deforestation and protected primary forests in Sumatra and lowered the incidence of village-reported land pollution in Kalimantan. RSPO certification also increased the number of private educational facilities in Kalimantan, but had no statistically significant impacts on other development indicators. However, the trade-offs and complementarities between conservation and development vary by slope, a proxy for ecosystem fragility and oil palm profitability. On gentler slopes, we generally find complementarities between conservation and development outcomes. In Kalimantan, certification increased the number of private educational facilities and reduced deforestation and the incidence of land pollution on slopes <2°. In Sumatra, certification increased primary forests, decreased deforestation and the incidence of water pollution on slopes <1°, along with a decrease in population density. Higher slopes in both locations were associated with environment and development trade-offs. We highlight the need to better understand the mechanisms behind the impacts of RSPO and emphasized how the outcomes of certification depend on the communities' bargaining power and the profitability of the land for oil palm production. Thus, we provide insights into understanding these mechanisms behind the impacts of RSPO, which is a prerequisite for improving the design of certification systems and their impacts on the ground.

Sistem Pakar Mendeteksi Penyakit Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Dimas Satria ◽  
Poningsih Poningsih ◽  
Widodo Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Forward Chaining ◽  
Web Programming ◽  
Level Of Confidence

The purpose of this paper is to create an expert system to detect oil palm plant diseases in order to help farmers / companies in providing accurate information about the diseases of oil palm plants and how to overcome them and to help reduce the risk of decreasing palm oil production. This system is designed to mimic the expertise of an expert who is able to detect diseases that attack oil palm plants. The method used is forward chaining that is starting from a set of data and proving a fact by describing the level of confidence and uncertainty found in a hypothesis. The results of this study are to diagnose diseases of oil palm plants and their computerization using web programming languages.

scholarly journals Preparation of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Hydrolysate

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Hironaga Akita ◽  
Mohd Zulkhairi Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Shinji Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Glucose Content

Malaysia is the second largest palm oil producer and exporter globally. When crude palm oil is produced in both plantations and oil processing mills, a large amount of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is simultaneously produced as a waste product. Here, we describe the preparation of hydrolysate from OPEFB. After OPEFB was hydrothermally treated at 180–200 °C, the resultant liquid phase was subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, while the solid phase was used for acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis. Hemicellulose yield from the acid-treated solid phase decreased from 153 mg/g-OPEFB to 27.5 mg/g-OPEFB by increasing the hydrothermal treatment temperature from 180 to 200 °C. Glucose yield from the enzyme-treated solid phase obtained after hydrothermal treatment at 200 °C was the highest (234 ± 1.90 mg/g-OPEFB, 61.7% production efficiency). In contrast, xylose, mannose, galactose, and arabinose yields in the hydrolysate prepared from the solid phase hydrothermally treated at 200 °C were the lowest. Thus, we concluded that the optimum temperature for hydrothermal pretreatment was 200 °C, which was caused by the low hemicellulose yield. Based on these results, we have established an effective method for preparing OPEFB hydrolysates with high glucose content.

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