International Child Welfare: Deconstructing UNICEF's Country Programmes

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan E. Laird
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
International Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bretton Woods Institutions

There has been exhaustive scrutiny of the policies of the Bretton Woods institutions and the United Nations Population Fund. UNICEF, despite a prominent role in agenda setting for children's welfare in developing countries, has not been subject to comparable scrutiny. This paper argues that the Country Programmes promulgated by UNICEF to improve children's welfare reflect ethnocentric conceptualisations of the family. As a case study, Ghana's Country Programme 2001–2005 is considered in detail. Anthropological studies are adduced to highlight underlying ethnocentric assumptions around social organisation. The ramifications of these assumptions are then considered.

Implementing BioSand Filters in Rural Honduras

2013 ◽  
pp. 468-496
Author(s):  
Jacob Z. Morris ◽  
Ken D. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Similar System ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Biosand Filter ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
The World

Access to clean water for drinking and sanitation is an urgent issue that the world is facing. According to the United Nations (UN), approximately one billion people live in extreme poverty, and almost 2.6 billion people live without the basics of adequate sanitation. Over the past two decades, the BioSand Filter has proven to be an effective and efficient point-of-use device to purify water to a potable level in developing countries. The success of this device is due to its simplicity, use of appropriate technology, and sustainability. This chapter discusses a case study of His Hands Mission International’s work installing these filters in the villages of rural Honduras. It focuses on the implementation, adoption, diffusion, and impacts of these filters, providing insight to the system’s factors of success. These factors provide information that can be utilized to improve the chances for success of similar system implementations around the world.

Book IV Multilateral Diplomacy, Human Rights, and International Organizations, 16 Theory and Practice of Multilateral Diplomacy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parry Emyr Jones
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
Post War ◽  
Multilateral Diplomacy ◽  
Bretton Woods Institutions

This chapter considers the theory and practice of multilateral diplomacy. The multilateral approach to diplomacy became increasingly common post-1945. It was partly a generic consequence of the modern state system, and partly a response to the challenges of the post-war period when the Bretton Woods institutions and the United Nations were finding their place. This approach also became increasingly common as regional/global efforts grew to address issues which concerned many countries, and were not confined to the territory of one State. The realization that comprehensive solutions to certain challenges for a State could not be met by that State acting alone, but required cooperative action by several States, fuelled the need for multilateral approaches. Indeed the responses required cooperative action by many. Paradoxically this evolution of cooperative action was firmly anchored on the territorial integrity and the equality of States, while nevertheless helping to facilitate peaceful change.

scholarly journals The Reduce of CO2 Emissions in Morocco: Case Study in A Landfill

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Amine Moulay Taj ◽  
Fouzi Belmir
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Impact

In a global context increasingly concerned with climate change, understanding the impact of economic growth on the environment is becoming crucial, especially for developing countries. Morocco has been committed to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to achieve the objectives set for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 13% by 2030, with 2010 as the reference year. Such a target could reach 32% by the same horizon under certain technical, financial and capacity building support conditions.The main emitters of greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2) are landfills because during the decomposition of solid waste CO2 is the most present gas pollutant is for this reason focuses this case study carried out in a landfill located in Fez, the development of a new calculation method or we could have a reduction in CO2 41261,69 teq CO2/year and with a yield of 85%.

Bretton Woods Institutions

2008 ◽  
pp. 232-253
Author(s):  
Ngaire Woods
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Bretton Woods Institutions ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

This article discusses the Bretton Woods Institutions, which are often described as the ‘sister institutions’ of the United Nations. It explains how the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) generated heated debate and criticism, most especially over the past twenty years. It shows what the institutions do and determines why they have become controversial. The article also identifies the two key factors that limit the effectiveness of the institutions.

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