Characterization and potential utilization of recently available milk thistle, Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., wild type and mutant accessions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tommaso Martinelli ◽  
Karin Baumann ◽  
Andreas Börner
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Crop Plant Research ◽  
High Stearic Acid ◽  
Vegetative Biomass

Abstract Milk thistle, Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae), is an economically important medicinal plant utilized for silymarin production. Moreover, the species has been positively evaluated for vegetable oil and biomass production. Despite these positive characteristics, milk thistle is still marked by traits that are typical of undomesticated species (most importantly natural fruit dispersal at maturity) and requires further genetic improvement for its complete exploitation. This manuscript summarizes all the information collected through time about a collection of nine milk thistle wild and mutant lines and it discusses the possible further utilization of these genotypes. The accessions are characterized by interesting traits related to: fruit silymarin composition (S. marianum chemotype A and B), fruit fatty acid composition (high oleic and high stearic acid lines), fruit condensed tannins content, vegetative biomass composition (modification of xylans or lignin content), vegetative biomass structure (dwarf and tall lines), modifications of leaf variegation (hypervareigated line) and different types of fruit shatter resistance at maturity. All the lines underwent subsequent generations of selfing and are stable for all the described traits. The accessions will be made available at the Genebank of the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK, Gatersleben) and may prove to be a useful genetic material for the improvement of qualitative fruit traits (silymarin quality, fatty acid composition) and for the further development of shatter-resistant S. marianum genotypes towards the complete domestication of this promising species.

Irrigation Regime and Organic Fertilizers Influence on Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Milk Thistle Seeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Keshavarz Afshar ◽  
M. R. Chaichi ◽  
K. Rezaei ◽  
M. H. Asareh ◽  
M. Karimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Irrigation Regime

scholarly journals The effect of drying temperature of milk thistle seeds on quality and bioactive compounds in the lipid fraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 4003-4013
Author(s):  
Sylwia Marszałkiewicz ◽  
Aleksander Siger ◽  
Marzena Gawrysiak-Witulska ◽  
Dominik Kmiecik ◽  
Magdalena Rudzińska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Cold Pressed

Abstract Milk thistle oils are available on the market and appeal to consumers because of their healthy properties as cold-pressed oils. The raw material for producing such oils is purchased from a range of domestic and foreign sources. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of drying temperature on the peroxide value, acid value, fatty acid composition, tocopherol and phytosterol contents in the lipid fraction extracted from milk thistle seeds. The seeds were purchased in three different farms and were dried in a thin layer at 40 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C, 100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C. The level of phytosterols and the fatty acid composition were determined using GC-FID, while tocopherols concentrations were determined using HPLC. The study showed that the quality of seeds used in the production of oil varies. The drying of milk thistle seeds using air cooler than 80 °C caused no statistically significant changes in AV, p-AnV, phytosterol levels, tocopherols, or SFA levels. Drying temperatures in the 100–140 °C range caused significant losses of phytosterols and tocopherols and also resulted in changes in fatty acid composition. When seeds were dried at 140 °C, phytosterol levels dropped by 19–23%, tocopherols by 10–23%, MUFA by 30%, and PUFA by 11%.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of milk thistle seed oil obtained with cold pressing

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
N. L. Kleymenova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Cold Pressing

Milk thistle seeds are a unique source of biologically active substances. The oilseed crop studied is used in various fields, both for food purposes, animal husbandry and in medicine. The characteristics of milk thistle oil were considered in the work. Milk thistle seeds are known to contain 35% vegetable oil (seed fat). The oil was obtained with cold pressing. Milk thistle seed oil was chosen as the object of study. Using an experimental extruder, the oil was obtained under the following modes: the annular gap of the grain chamber - 1.25 mm, the screw rotation speed - 190 rpm, the pressing temperature - 353 K. A comparative study of the fatty acid composition of milk thistle oil components with literary sources was carried out. Gas-liquid chromatography on a Chromotek 5000 device was used to determine the composition of the components according to the GOST 31665-2012 method. The calculation for the components of milk thistle oil  on the basis of which the chromatograms were obtained for the amount of fatty acids was made. It was found out that the characteristics of the test sample are comparable with the literature data, but they also have differences, since other fatty acids were found in the oil. 24 fatty acids were identified by gas chromatographic analysis. The following ratio of fatty acids was determined: linoleic - 53%, oleic - 26%, palmitic - 8%, stearic (5%), arachidic (3%) and behenic (2%). The sample under study contains saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. According to the results of the vitamin composition analysis  milk thistle oil contains vitamins A, E and K and minor β-carotene traces which are a valuable source for diet and preventive nutrition.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

Health Benefits of Pumpkin Seed and Nutrition Profile of 35 Pumpkin Accessions

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Meru ◽  
Yuqing Fu ◽  
Dayana Leyva ◽  
Paul Sarnoski ◽  
Yavuz Yagiz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Production Practices

This article aims to summise production and nutrition aspects of pumpkin seed. Specifically, it focuses on health benefits of the seeds, production practices and provides data on the oil, protein and fatty acid composition of 35 pumpkin accessions.  

The effect of SNP (rs174537) in FADS1 gene on fatty acid composition in serum lipids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Metelcová ◽  
Markéta Vaňková ◽  
Hana Zamrazilová ◽  
Milena Hovhannisyan ◽  
Eva Tvrzická ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Serum Lipids
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