Increased Urinary Excretion of Xanthurenic Acid as a Biomarker of Exposure to Organophosphorus Insecticides

1996 ◽  
pp. 94-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Xanthurenic Acid ◽  
Organophosphorus Insecticides ◽  
Biomarker Of Exposure

URINARY EXCRETION OF TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITES IN THE HEALTHY INFANT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-591
Author(s):  
Franco Vassella ◽  
Bo Hellström ◽  
Bo Wengle
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
Healthy Infant ◽  
Xanthurenic Acid ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolites ◽  
Hydroxyanthranilic Acid

Urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites was studied qualitatively by two-dimensional paper chromatography in a group of 50 healthy infants with no tryptophan supplementation. Twenty-two infants of this group were given 100 mg of L-tryptophan per kilogram of body-weight, and the 24-hour urinary excretions of kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, and xanthurenic acid were estimated by quantitative paper chromatography. A high excretion of kynurenine was found to be a distinguishing feature. Various possibilities to explain this difference as compared to adults are discussed.

scholarly journals Tryptophan metabolism in vitamin B6-deficient mice

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Bender ◽  
Eliud N. M. Njagi ◽  
Paul S. Danielian
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Isolated Hepatocytes ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolism ◽  
Xanthurenic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolites ◽  
Deficient Mice

Vitamin B6 deficiency was induced in mice by maintenance for 4 weeks on a vitamin B6-free diet. Tryptophan metabolism was assessed by determining the urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites, the metabolism of [14C]tryptophan in vivo and the formation of tryptophan and niacin metabolites by isolated hepatocytes. The vitamin B6-deficient animals excreted more xanthurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine, and less of the niacin metabolites N1-methyl nicotinamide and methyl-2-pyridone-4-carboxamide, than did control animals maintained on the same diet supplemented with 5 mg vitamin B6/kg. After intraperitoneal injection of [14C]tryptophan, vitamin B6-deficient mice showed lower liberation of14CO2 from [methylene-14C]tryptophan and [U-14C]tryptophan than did controls, indicating impairment of kynureninase (EC 3.7.1.3) activity. There was no difference between the two groups of animals in the metabolism of [ring-2-14C]tryptophan. Hepatocytes isolated from the vitamin B6-deficient animals formed more 3-hydroxykynurenine and xanthurenic acid than did cells from control animals, but also formed more NADP and free niacin.

Konjac Mannan Improves the Vitamin B-6 Status of Rats Fed a Vitamin B-6-deficient Diet

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayakawa ◽  
Iida ◽  
Tsuge
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Xanthurenic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Biological Criteria

To investigate how dietary fiber in the diet affects vitamin B-6 nutriture of rats which have been deprived of vitamin B-6, rats were made vitamin B-6-deficient by feeding a vitamin B-6-deficient 70% casein diet. They were fed 2% cellulose powder-based vitamin B-6-deficient diets supplemented with 3% of additional dietary fiber sources (agar, konjac mannan, pectin and cellulose powder) for subsequent 18 days. Vitamin B-6 status was evaluated according to several biological criteria (weight gain, urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid after tryptophan loading, plasma pyridoxal 5’-phosphate, apparent pyridoxal 5’-phosphate-saturation of liver kynureninase, urinary excretion of 4-pyridoxic acid and fecal output of vitamin B-6). Vitamin B-6 status evaluated by these criteria was considerably improved in the konjac mannan-fed group, when compared with the respective data of the vitamin B-6 supplemented group. The relative mean effect of the konjac mannan diet was about 40% of the vitamin B-6 supplemented diet. In conclusion, konjac mannan was effective for improving the vitamin B-6 nutritional state in vitamin B-6-deprived rats.

scholarly journals Effect of acetoacetate on urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid and other tryptophan metabolites in rats

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Nath ◽  
N. V. Shastri
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Xanthurenic Acid ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolites

1. An experiment was performed to study the effect of sodium acetoacetate on urinary excretion of santhurenic acid and other tryptophan metabolites in male albino rats.2. Animals were fed on a nicotinic acid-deficient diet for a period of 3 weeks. The animals were then divided into two groups and, after the basal urinary excretion of the tryptophan metabolites had been estimated, the rats of both the groups were force-fed with L-tryptophan (100 mg per rat), the rats of the second group being simultaneously injected intraperitoncally with acetoacetate (200 mg/kg body-weight), and the urine samples during the following 24 h were collected and analysed.3. Acetoacetate-treated rats given tryptophan were found to excrete significantly greater amounts of kynurenine, hydroxykynurenine and xanthurenic acid than the corresponding control rats. There was no ditference between the amounts of kynurenic acid excreted by the animals in the two groups.

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