Influence of the Solar Cycle on the North Atlantic Oscillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhji Kuroda ◽  
Kunihiko Kodera ◽  
Kohei Yoshida ◽  
Seiji Yukimoto ◽  
Lesley Gray
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Insignificant influence of the 11-year solar cycle on the North Atlantic Oscillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Chiodo ◽  
Jessica Oehrlein ◽  
Lorenzo M. Polvani ◽  
John C. Fyfe ◽  
Anne K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

scholarly journals Impacts of UV Irradiance and Medium-Energy Electron Precipitation on the North Atlantic Oscillation during the 11-Year Solar Cycle

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Sigmund Guttu ◽  
Yvan Orsolini ◽  
Frode Stordal ◽  
Odd Helge Otterå ◽  
Nour-Eddine Omrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Electron ◽  
The North ◽  
Uv Irradiance ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Observational studies suggest that part of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability may be attributed to the spectral ultra-violet (UV) irradiance variations associated to the 11-year solar cycle. The observed maximum surface pressure response in the North Atlantic occurs 2–4 years after solar maximum, and some model studies have identified that atmosphere–ocean feedbacks explain the multi-year lag. Alternatively, medium-to-high energy electron (MEE) precipitation, which peaks in the declining phase of the solar cycle, has been suggested as a potential cause of this lag. We use a coupled (ocean–atmosphere) climate prediction model and a state-of-the-art MEE forcing to explore the respective roles of irradiance and MEE precipitation on the NAO variability. Three decadal ensemble experiments were conducted over solar cycle 23 in an idealized setting. We found a weak ensemble-mean positive NAO response to the irradiance. The simulated signal-to-noise ratio remained very small, indicating the predominance of internal NAO variability. The lack of multi-annual lag in the NAO response was likely due to lagged solar signals imprinted in temperatures below the oceanic mixed-layer re-emerging equatorward of the oceanic frontal zones, which anchor ocean–atmosphere feedbacks. While there is a clear, yet weak, signature from UV irradiance in the atmosphere and upper ocean over the North Atlantic, enhanced MEE precipitation on the other hand does not lead to any systematic changes in the stratospheric circulation, despite its marked chemical signatures.

scholarly journals Influence of the North Atlantic oscillation on the atmospheric levels of benzo[a]pyrene over Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero ◽  
Nuno Ratola
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
The South ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

AbstractThe atmospheric concentration of persistent organic pollutants (and of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, in particular) is closely related to climate change and climatic fluctuations, which are likely to influence contaminant’s transport pathways and transfer processes. Predicting how climate variability alters PAHs concentrations in the atmosphere still poses an exceptional challenge. In this sense, the main objective of this contribution is to assess the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index and the mean concentration of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP, the most studied PAH congener) in a domain covering Europe, with an emphasis on the effect of regional-scale processes. A numerical simulation for a present climate period of 30 years was performed using a regional chemistry transport model with a 25 km spatial resolution (horizontal), higher than those commonly applied. The results show an important seasonal behaviour, with a remarkable spatial pattern of difference between the north and the south of the domain. In winter, higher BaP ground levels are found during the NAO+ phase for the Mediterranean basin, while the spatial pattern of this feature (higher BaP levels during NAO+ phases) moves northwards in summer. These results show deviations up to and sometimes over 100% in the BaP mean concentrations, but statistically significant signals (p<0.1) of lower changes (20–40% variations in the signal) are found for the north of the domain in winter and for the south in summer.

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