Supplemental Material for The Positive Relationship Between Indigenous Language Use and Community-Based Well-Being in Four Nahua Ethnic Groups in Mexico

Social Capital is the most crucial asset which significantly influence the efficacy and resilience of any community. Social capital is a dependent variable that depends upon the competence and coherence of the individuals in the community and mode of social relationships, trust and networks they maintain. It is one of the most sustainable social resources that originate from human relations and results on the mutual support of people. Utilization of Social capital has a wide applicability in the process of social inclusion, especially in dealing with the vulnerable and disadvantaged sections in the community itself. Voluntary organizations are very keen to utilize the social capital for community/social services and community development in a sustainable manner. Community based de-institutionalized Palliative Care is one of the foremost among such organizations that made social capital in a strategic way for social inclusion and community well being. This paper analyses the extent to which different elements of social capital helps in initiating the sustainable community based palliative care movement by assessing the unique intervention strategies carried out by the palliative care. This paper explores conceptual questions of how social capital and voluntary community based services are correlated. A case study method was adopted for the study in which ten palliative care units were analyzed. The results show that a number of social capital elements are playing a vital role in the sustainability of community palliative care movement in Kerala.

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Language Use and Sustainable Development: Opportunities and Challenges for Policy-Makers and Educators in Northeast Vietnamese Areas

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE TEACHING AND EDUCATION ◽

10.22437/ijolte.v2i2.5048 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 122-130

Author(s):

Ha Ngan Ngo ◽

Maya Khemlani David

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Language Use ◽

Mother Tongue ◽

Language Shift ◽

Minority Languages ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

The Status ◽

Wedding Songs

Vietnam represents a country with 54 ethnic groups; however, the majority (88%) of the population are of Vietnamese heritage. Some of the other ethnic groups such as Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, and Nung have a population of around 1 million each, while the Brau, Roman, and Odu consist only of a hundred people each. Living in northern Vietnam, close to the Chinese border (see Figure 1), the Tay people speak a language of the Central Tai language group called Though, T'o, Tai Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, or Pa Di. Tay remains one of 10 ethnic languages used by 1 million speakers (Buoi, 2003). The Tày ethnic group has a rich culture of wedding songs, poems, dance, and music and celebrate various festivals. Wet rice cultivation, canal digging and grain threshing on wooden racks are part of the Tày traditions. Their villages situated near the foothills often bear the names of nearby mountains, rivers, or fields. This study discusses the status and role of the Tày language in Northeast Vietnam. It discusses factors, which have affected the habitual use of the Tay language, the connection between language shift and development and provides a model for the sustainability and promotion of minority languages. It remains fundamentally imperative to strengthen and to foster positive attitudes of the community towards the Tày language. Tày’s young people must be enlightened to the reality their Tày non-usage could render their mother tongue defunct, which means their history stands to be lost.

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Who Speaks for Nature?

10.1093/oso/9780190908959.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Todd A. Eisenstadt ◽

Karleen Jones West

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Environmental Degradation ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Environmental Attitudes ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

Early Theory ◽

Oil Drilling ◽

Indigenous Worldviews ◽

Individual Vulnerability

Parting from conventional social science arguments that people speak for the ethnic groups they represent or for social or class-based groups, this study argues that attitudes of Ecuador’s Amazon citizens are shaped by environmental vulnerability, and specifically exposure to environmental degradation. Using results of a nationwide survey to demonstrate that vulnerability matters in determining environmental attitudes of respondents, the authors argue that groups might have more success mobilizing on behalf of the environment through geographically based “polycentric rights,” rather than through more traditional and ethnically bound multicultural rights. This book offers among the first methodological bridges between scholarship considering social movements, and predominantly ethnic groups, as primary agents of environmental change in Latin America and those emphasizing the agency of individuals. The authors conduct a nationwide survey to glean respondent positions on a range of environmental issues, then contextualize these findings through scores of in-depth interviews with indigenous, environmental, government, academic, and civil society leaders throughout Ecuador between 2014 and 2017. They find that some abstract issues—like indigenous worldviews—affect peoples’ attitudes, but that concrete experiences—such as that of living in areas of environmental degradation due to oil drilling—is a more important conditioner of environmental attitudes. The authors qualify post-materialism, an early theory of environmentalism, which argues that material well-being makes citizens more protective of the environment. The book concludes that post-materialism must be tempered by individual vulnerability, and that group activism is more successful where people have not yet been adversely impacted by environmental degradation such as oil spills and forest destruction.

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Gay (White) Male Speech and the E(race)sure of Identity

The Oxford Handbook of Language and Sexuality ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190212926.013.61 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Brianna R. Cornelius

Keyword(s):

Racial Identity ◽

Language Use ◽

White Male ◽

The United States ◽

Gay Identity ◽

Community Based ◽

Language Varieties ◽

Gay Male ◽

Men Of Color ◽

African American Language

Although a notable body of work has emerged describing gay male speech (GMS), its overlap with African American language (AAL) remains comparatively understudied. This chapter explores the assumption of whiteness that has informed research on gay identity and precluded intersectional considerations in sociolinguistic research. Examining the importance of racial identity, particularly Blackness, to the construction of gay identity in the United States, the chapter investigates the treatment of GMS as white by default, with the voices of gay men of color considered additive. The desire vs. identity debate in language and sexuality studies contributed to an understanding of gay identity as community-based practice, thereby laying a necessary framework for the study of GMS. However, this framework led to a virtually exclusive focus on white men’s language use. Although efforts to bring a community-based understanding to gay identity have been groundbreaking, the lack of consideration of intersectionality has erased contributions to GMS from racially based language varieties, such as AAL.

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Formalization as a tool for environmental peacebuilding? Artisanal and small-scale mining in Liberia and Sierra Leone

International Affairs ◽

10.1093/ia/iiaa199 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 97 (1) ◽

pp. 35-55

Author(s):

Christina Ankenbrand ◽

Abrina Welter ◽

Nina Engwicht

Keyword(s):

Sierra Leone ◽

Well Being ◽

Small Scale ◽

Transformative Change ◽

Community Based ◽

Community Benefits ◽

Sustainable Peace ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

Ethical Sourcing ◽

The Ideal

Abstract Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has long been a vital source of livelihoods for rural populations in the global South. Yet, it has also been linked to a host of social, political and environmental adversities, including violent conflict. As environmental peacebuilding increasingly stresses the importance of livelihood improvement as a means of fostering peace in conflict-affected extractive societies, ASM formalization has been identified as a solution to mitigate the sector's challenges, thereby addressing underlying causes of conflict. This article critically investigates the contribution of ASM formalization to sustainable peace by focusing on its impact on the livelihood dimension of peacebuilding. It analyses the livelihood impact of three formalization interventions in the diamond sectors of two countries: cooperatives in Liberia, and, in Sierra Leone, ethical sourcing schemes and a community-based natural resource management initiative. In line with calls for a paradigm shift from a narrow legalization-centred understanding of formalization to a broader approach that accounts for livelihood quality, the analysis presented here focuses on interventions that were informed by the ideal of improving the well-being of ASM workers and communities. We propose three pathways through which ASM formalization could potentially contribute to livelihood enhancement: income security, working conditions and community benefits. Based on fieldwork, this article highlights the challenges of generating livelihood improvements through formalization. Even when specifically designed to address the needs of ASM communities, during implementation, they risk prioritizing a narrow conceptualization of formalization and thus failing to become a conductor of transformative change.

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Ethnic Disparities in Social Capital and Health among Jewish and Arab Participants in the Israeli Mamanet Cachibol League

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 295

Author(s):

Yuval Paldi ◽

Daniel S. Moran ◽

Orna Baron-Epel ◽

Shiran Bord ◽

Riki Tesler

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Team Sports ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Well Being ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Reported Health ◽

Health And Well Being

The Israeli Mamanet Cachibol League (MCL) serves as a community model that incorporates physical activity and amateur team sports among women. Team sports have been shown to bridge gaps and build positive relationships between communities. There is a paucity of data regarding the advantages of team sports to promote the health and well-being of women from different ethnic backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of participation in MCL with social capital, health, and well-being across two ethnic groups: Jewish and Arab women. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among women aged 25–64: 102 Jewish and 96 Arab MCL participants, and 102 Jewish and 81 Arab non-MCL participants. Data regarding social capital (trust, social support and social involvement) and well-being (self-reported health and psychosomatic and depressive symptoms) were analyzed using two-way analyses of covariance and multiple regression models with sequential entry of the variables. MCL participants from both ethnic groups reported higher social capital (p < 0.001), better self-reported health (p < 0.001), and lower psychosomatic symptoms (p < 0.001) compared to non-participants. Jewish MCL participants reported lower depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) than non-participants, however no difference was found between Arab MCL participants and non-participants (p < 0.160). Amateur team sports such as MCL are related with higher levels of well-being and social capital. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies that examine the change in social capital and well-being over time.

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The Proportion of APOE4 Carriers Among Non-Demented Individuals: A Pooled Analysis of 389,000 Community-Dwellers

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-201606 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ya-Yu Wang ◽

Yi-Jun Ge ◽

Chen-Chen Tan ◽

Xi-Peng Cao ◽

Lan Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

High Risk Population ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Community Based ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Average Proportion ◽

Community Dwellers

Background: The apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Its carriage percentage in non-demented population varies across geographic regions and ethnic groups. Objective: To estimate the proportion of APOE4 (2/4, 3/4, or 4/4) carriers in non-demented community-dwellers. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from inception to April 20, 2020. Community-based studies that reported APOE polymorphisms with a sample of≥500 non-demented participants were included. Random-effects models were used to pool the results. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to test the source of heterogeneity and stratified effects. Age-standardized pooled proportion estimates (ASPPE) were calculated by direct standardization method. Results: A total of 121 studies were included, with a pooled sample of 389,000 community-dwellers from 38 countries. The global average proportion of APOE4 carriers was 23.9% (age-standardized proportion: 26.3%; 2.1% for APOE4/4, 20.6% for APOE3/4 and 2.3% for APOE2/4), and varied significantly with geographical regions (from 19.3% to 30.0%) and ethnic groups (from 19.1% to 37.5%). The proportion was highest in Africa, followed by Europe, North America, Oceania, and lowest in South America and Asia (p < 0.0001). With respect to ethnicity, it was highest in Africans, followed by Caucasians, and was lowest in Hispanics/Latinos and Chinese (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: APOE4 carriers are common in communities, especially in Africans and Caucasians. Developing precision medicine strategies in this specific high-risk population is highly warranted in the future.

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